scholarly journals Lack of standardization in the use of road counts for surveying raptors

The Condor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J W McClure ◽  
Aaron Carignan ◽  
Ralph Buij
Keyword(s):  
Keyword Search ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Broad Variation ◽  
Road Survey ◽  
The Times ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

Abstract Examination of population trends for raptors is a research priority, especially given recent concern for their conservation status. Road counts—in which raptors are counted from a motorized vehicle moving along the ground—might be an effective method to expand the monitoring of raptor populations and estimation of trends. Here, we review past methods used to perform road counts of raptors and present revised recommendations to aid collaboration, data transfer, and interpretation of results across monitoring programs. We performed a standardized keyword search of online literature databases to obtain 148 past road count studies. The number of studies employing road counts increased per year since the 1970s. Most of these studies occurred in North America. The times of day during which road counts were conducted ranged from sunrise to sunset, and maximum speeds ranged from 10 to 113 km hr–1. The number of observers ranged from 1 (the driver) to 5. Most (93) of the studies used unlimited-width transects and fixed-width transects ranging from 0.02 to 2.50 km wide. Sixteen percent of studies calculated or corrected for the probability of detection. Such broad variation in the methodology used during road counts, coupled with infrequent correction for detection, hampers the interpretation of results across road survey programs. We suggest that road count practitioners should emphasize the collection of data, such as speed, number of observers, and distance to observed raptors, which would allow for the calculation of detection-corrected estimates. Such correction would likely improve trend estimation. Recent technology, including mobile apps, allows researchers to collect such data relatively easily, conducting their own studies while contributing to a broader raptor monitoring initiative. Road counts will likely become more useful as statistical analysis of road count data improves and researchers pool their data in a global effort to monitor raptors.

Evaluating Mobile Apps For Dietary and Food Timing Assessment For Use in Research and Clinical Assessment (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siena Gioia ◽  
Irma M Vlassac ◽  
Demsina Babazadeh ◽  
Noah L Fryou ◽  
Elizabeth Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Registered Dietitian ◽  
Food Record ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Privacy Policies ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
System Usability Scale

UNSTRUCTURED Abstract: Over the last decade, health apps have become an increasingly popular tool utilized by clinicians and researchers to track food consumption and exercise. However, as consumer apps have primarily focused on tracking dietary intake and exercise, many lack technological features to facilitate the capture of critical food timing details. To determine a viable app that recorded both dietary intake and food timing for use in our clinical study, we evaluated the timestamp data, usability, privacy policies, accuracy of nutrient estimates, and general features of 11 mobile apps for dietary assessment. Apps were selected using a keyword search of related terms and the following apps were reviewed: Bitesnap, Cronometer, DiaryNutrition, DietDiary, FoodDiary, FoodView, Macros, MealLogger, myCircadianClock, MyFitnessPal, and MyPlate. Our primary goal was identifying apps that record food timestamps, which 8 of the reviewed apps did (73%). Of those, only 4/11 (36%) allowed users to edit the timestamps, an important feature. Next, we sought to evaluate the usability of the apps, using the System Usability Scale (SUS) across 2 days, with 82% of the apps receiving favorable scores for usability (9/11 apps). To enable use in research and clinic settings, the privacy policies of each app were systematically reviewed using common criteria with 1 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant app (Cronometer). Furthermore, protected health information is collected by 9/11 (81%) of the apps. Lastly, to assess the accuracy of nutrient estimates generated by these apps, we selected 4 sample food items and one researcher’s 3-day dietary record to input into each app. The caloric and macronutrient estimates of the apps were compared to nutrient estimates provided by a registered dietitian using the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR). Compared to the 3-day food record, the apps were found to consistently underestimate calories and macronutrients compared to NDSR. Overall, we find the Bitesnap app to provide flexible dietary and food timing functionality capable for research or clinical use with the majority of apps lacking in necessary food timing functionality or user privacy.

Seriemas: A Literature Assessment and Recommendations for Future Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Méndez ◽  
Zackery Szymczycha ◽  
Jeremiah Sullivan ◽  
Christopher J. W. McClure
Keyword(s):  
Keyword Search ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Systematic Map ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Territorial Behaviors

ABSTRACT Red-legged Seriemas (Cariama cristata) and Black-legged Seriemas (Chunga burmeisteri) are two exclusively South American species that inhabit open and sparsely forested areas. Seriemas have been recently included with the raptors based on ecological and evolutionary evidence. Viewing seriemas as raptors is nontraditional and might be controversial. Therefore, further information regarding the evolution, taxonomy, morphology, and ecology of these birds will clarify the validity of their consideration as raptors. Here we present a review of the published information on seriemas, and discuss future research for these newly adopted raptors. To conduct our review, we developed a systematic map and searched all databases available within Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science, performed a keyword search of Google Scholar, and included the corresponding bibliographies from the Birds of the World website. We reviewed 98 studies, and found that the Red-legged Seriema was the subject of more studies than the Black-legged Seriema. Overall, Brazil and Argentina were the site of most studies. The majority of studies examined physiology (48), followed by behavior (37), threats to the survival of these species (36), and demography (27), while smaller numbers of studies examined stressors (e.g., habitat changes, causes of mortality and injury such as predation, hunting, etc.) (20), and conservation actions (10). Patterns of study categorizations were similar for both species, and the distribution of studies across months was also fairly even for both species. This is the first study to systematically review and assess the published information on seriemas. Our results show the topics and locations on which past studies have focused, and highlight potentially fruitful avenues for future research. Although threats to seriemas have been identified, these have not been thoroughly assessed; thus, their extent and effects on seriema populations were difficult to ascertain. Future research should focus on testing existing hypotheses regarding seriema feeding, vocalization, social, and territorial behaviors, while documenting natural history. Researchers should build on past investigations while establishing programs to monitor the conservation status of seriemas across their ranges.

Mobile Apps for Libraries: Call for Submissions--Rolling with the Times: Field Notes from the Charleston Conference (and Beyond) Coloring Book

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Jolanda-Pieta (Joey) van Arnhem ◽  
Christine Elliott ◽  
Jerry Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
The Times

scholarly journals Radiotelemetry of a female jaú, Zungaro jahu (Ihering, 1898) (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), passed upstream of Funil Dam, rio Grande, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Martins da Silva ◽  
Alexandre Lima Godinho
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Daytime Activity ◽  
The Times ◽  
Migratory Movements

Jaú, Zungaro jahu (Ihering, 1898), a large migratory catfish endemic to the rio da Prata basin, has a fragile conservation status and its ecology is poorly known. We radio-tracked a female jaú with a total length of 1.5 m that was passed upstream of Funil Dam, rio Grande, to describe its migratory movements, habitat use, linear home range, and diel activity. To track the fish, we made five tracking trips in the period from April, 2003 to January, 2004. In addition to the main body of Funil Reservoir, the fish also used a reservoir-river transition zone located in a branch of Funil Reservoir that flooded part of rio das Mortes. Most of the times, we found the fish in the former beds of streams flooded by the reservoir, at depths that ranged from 8-9 m in the reservoir-river transition zone to 18-21 m in Funil Reservoir. Linear home range of the fish was 31.4 km. The onset of activity occurred early in the evening, but we also detected daytime activity. The conclusion from our study was that the passed adult female jaú used reservoir habitats, migrated between the main body and the reservoir-river transition zone, preferred deep habitats, showed a relatively short home range, and had diurnal and nocturnal activities.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the bryophyte floras of northwest Belarus concrete fortification and the Carpathians

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Sakovich ◽  
Gennadij Rykovsky
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Species List ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Data Book ◽  
The Times ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

Abstract The detailed research of bryophyte flora, carried out in 2008-2011 on fortifications from the times of the First World War and Second World War in Grodno district, resulted in recording 101 species, of which 95 species were true mosses (Bryophyta) and 6 species were hepatics (Marchantiophyta). Because the substratum displayed certain ecological similarity with carbonate rocks, we made comparative analysis of the species list. The total of 28 rare and very rare (in Belarus scale) bryophyte species were recorded, of which 3 species were included in the Red Data Book of Belarus; 3 species had a conservation status at the European level.

scholarly journals Assessment of Level-3 Gridded Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Products Over Oceans

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Khan ◽  
Viviana Maggioni
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
The Times ◽  
Global Precipitation Mission ◽  
Global Precipitation ◽  
Better Than

The performance of Level-3 gridded Global Precipitation Mission (GPM)-based precipitation products (IMERG, Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM) is assessed against two references over oceans: the OceanRAIN dataset, derived from oceanic shipboard disdrometers, and a satellite-based radar product (the Level-3 Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar, 3DPRD). Daily IMERG products (early, late, final) and microwave-only (MW) and Infrared-only (IR) precipitation components are evaluated at four different spatial resolutions (0.5°, 1°, 2°, and 3°) during a 3-year study period (March 2014–February 2017). Their performance is assessed based on both categorical and continuous performance metrics, including correlation coefficient, probability of detection, success ratio, bias, and root mean square error (RMSE). A triple collocation analysis (TCA) is also presented to further investigate the performance of these satellite-based products. Overall, the IMERG products show an underestimation with respect to OceanRAIN. Rain events in OceanRAIN are correctly detected by all IMERG products ~80% of the times. IR estimates show relatively large errors and low correlations with OceanRAIN compared to the other products. On the other hand, the MW component performs better than other products in terms of both categorical and continuous statistics. TCA reveals that 3DPRD performs consistently better than OceanRAIN in terms of RMSE and coefficient of determination at all spatial resolutions. This work is part of a larger effort to validate GPM products over nontraditional regions such as oceans.

scholarly journals Analyzing Remote Server Locations for Personal Data Transfers in Mobile Apps

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Eskandari ◽  
Bruno Kessler ◽  
Maqsood Ahmad ◽  
Anderson Santana de Oliveira ◽  
Bruno Crispo
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The prevalence of mobile devices and their capability to access high speed internet has transformed them into a portable pocket cloud interface. Being home to a wide range of users’ personal data, mobile devices often use cloud servers for storage and processing. The sensitivity of a user’s personal data demands adequate level of protection at the back-end servers. In this regard, the European Union Data Protection regulations (e.g., article 25.1) impose restriction on the locations of European users’ personal data transfer. The matter of concern, however, is the enforcement of such regulations. The first step in this regard is to analyze mobile apps and identify the location of servers to which personal data is transferred. To this end, we design and implement an app analysis tool, PDTLoc (Personal Data Transfer Location Analyzer), to detect violation of the mentioned regulations. We analyze 1, 498 most popular apps in the EEA using PDTLoc to investigate the data recipient server locations. We found that 16.5% (242) of these apps transfer users’ personal data to servers located at places outside Europe without being under the control of a data protection framework. Moreover, we inspect the privacy policies of the apps revealing that 51% of these apps do not provide any privacy policy while almost all of them contact the servers hosted outside Europe.

scholarly journals The Relevance of Data Interchange for the Effective Protection of Threatened Species by Example of New Records of Endangered Caddisfly Species (Insecta, Trichoptera)

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Christian Scheder ◽  
Clemens Gumpinger
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Data Interchange ◽  
Comprehensive Picture

ABSTRACT All over the world, comprehensive data on aquatic communities are collected in the course of applied investigations (e.g. environmental impact assessments for road or railway construction projects, assessments of wastewater treatment plants, hydropower plants, etc.). At the same, little is known about certain endangered or rare species, their distribution or their actual conservation status, as the data collected in applied projects are usually not published. It can be stated that applied investigations would offer valuable information on the distribution of endangered species if there was sufficient data interchange within or data transfer to the scientific community. This thesis is supported by the fact that the authors were able to demonstrate that 72 caddisfly species that are quoted in the Austrian Red List in the course of applied investigations in Austria, but that none of the data have been published so far. The present study provides a list of endangered Trichoptera species that were observed by the authors in the context of routine surveys over the past five years. It is intended thus to provide an example of how data that could be relevant for obtaining a comprehensive picture of certain species are often lost on their way to publication.

scholarly journals Ramification of hustling the web application development

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.30) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Daljit Kaur ◽  
Dr Parminder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Application Development ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Web

With the growth of web and Internet, every era of human life has been affected. People want to make their or their organization’s presence globally visible through this medium. Web applications and/or mobile apps are used for the purpose of making their recognition as well as to attract the clients worldwide. With the demand of putting the business or services online faster than anyone else, web applications are developed in hustle and under pressure by developers and most of the times they ignore the few essential activities for securing them from severe attacks, which may be a greater loss for the business. This work is an effort to understand the complex distributed environment of web applications and show the impact of husting the web development process.  

When Science Communication Becomes Difficult: Advice From The Battlefields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Williams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Technical Content ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
The Times

<p>Based on my 15 years of experience as a professional atmospheric scientist and amateur science communicator, I can confidently state that science communication usually goes really well. However, I will focus this presentation on the minority of times when it goes badly wrong.</p><p>I will give an example of a time when I was misquoted by a national newspaper: my suitably nuanced statement in the interview that "Reducing uncertainties in weather forecasts is a key research priority for the next ten years" ended up being printed as "Within ten years, I think we'll see a model that predicts the weather and climate change exactly". I will also give an example of a time when, at an organized event in Barcelona, I participated in a debate with a former MIT professor who is arguably the world's most famous disputer of climate change science. I will discuss how I handled both these difficult events, and I will give some advice on how to cope when science communication doesn't go according to plan.</p><p>I will finish with a plea not to over-simplify the scientific content when communicating with the public. There is evidence that doing so inclines people to under-value experts, which I believe may be a factor in public cynicism regarding climate change. The fact that I was recently quoted in The Times discussing the geekiest of topics in atmospheric science — the Coriolis force — demonstrates that there is a genuine public appetite for appropriate technical content in the mainstream media. I believe we must make the most of that appetite, in order to enthuse and inspire the next generation of geoscientists.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document