Study of Indian IT workers shows reverse monitoring and job crafting improve work engagement, leading to improved performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Software Firms ◽  
Withdrawal Behavior ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose was to explore the role of work engagement in mediating between the resources of reverse mentoring and job crafting and the potential outcomes of improved performance and work withdrawal behavior Design/methodology/approach The authors investigated the subjects in the Indian IT sector. They administered a survey online to volunteers from 14 software firms. They received 369 completed questionnaires. The majority of respondents were aged between 25 and 34 and 73.7pc were men. Findings Results showed that both reverse monitoring and job crafting increase levels of work engagement, leading to improved performance and less work withdrawal behavior. The study also looked at work engagement as a mediating factor: It partially mediated the relationship between job crafting and both outcomes, fully mediated the relationship between reverse mentoring and withdrawal behavior, and partially mediated the relationship between reverse monitoring and work performance. Originality/value The results have practical implications. Organizations need to take note that reverse monitoring and job crafting could motivate employees to reciprocate in kind with higher levels of work engagement. By fostering opportunities for reverse monitoring, organizations could stimulate learning and connections across management levels and age groups. Meanwhile, job crafting would help employees to focus on their strengths, or areas of interest, making their work more enjoyable and productive.

Reverse mentoring, job crafting and work-outcomes: the mediating role of work engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Garg ◽  
Wendy Murphy ◽  
Pankaj Singh
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Withdrawal Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeReverse mentoring and job crafting are innovative, employee-driven job resources that can lead to positive organizational outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of work engagement in mediating the association of these resources with work performance and work withdrawal behavior.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling on data obtained from 369 software developers in India.FindingsFindings demonstrate that reverse mentoring and job crafting are positively related to work engagement, which, in turn, increase performance and decreases work withdrawal behaviors. Work engagement partially mediates the association of job crafting with both outcomes. In contrast, work engagement fully mediates the relationship between reverse mentoring and withdrawal behavior and partially mediates the relationship between reverse mentoring and work performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is a cross-sectional, survey design in the understudied technical industry in India, which may limit generalizability. However, the authors also connect the previously unrelated literatures on reverse mentoring and work engagement and develop a scale for use in future reverse mentoring studies.Practical implicationsThis study provides evidence to support practitioners in implementing resources for reverse mentoring and job crafting to increase work engagement among employees and subsequent positive outcomes.Originality/valueOrganizations can support reverse mentoring and job crafting as cost effective employee development tools. The research focuses on the mentors, who tend to be the less experienced and younger counterparts in a reverse mentoring pair and a critical part of the workforce for the growing IT industry.

Does work engagement mediate the perceived career support- and career adaptability- work performance relationship?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Career Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of work engagement between the relationship of perceived career support and work performance as well as between the relationship of career adaptability and work performance. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected form 606 i-generation liquid knowledge workers. They had completed their internship program in the industry for a period of at least one month. Regression analysis was carried out to test the hypothesized framework. Findings Most of the results indicated support for the hypotheses. Work engagement was found to be mediating the perceived career support and work performance relationship fully. However, work engagement was found to be mediating the career adaptability and work performance relationship only partially. Research limitations/implications Engaging liquid workers plays a crucial role in passing the positive effects of perceived career support and career adaptability to work performance. Practical implications The findings suggest that managers may take steps to enhance engagement levels of the employees so that it can help the interns high on perceived career support and career adaptability perform well at work. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is unique that tests and finds the intervening role of work engagement between work performance and the two career-related constructs.

The relationship between abusive supervision and employee's reaction: the job demands-resources model perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 2035-2054
Author(s):  
Liang-Chih Huang ◽  
Cheng-Chen Lin ◽  
Szu-Chi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Withdrawal Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeBased on the job demands-resources model, the present study proposes viewing abusive supervision as one type of job demand causing employees' emotional exhaustion, which results in psychological withdrawal behavior. In addition, job crafting can be viewed as a means to acquire job resources, and it buffers the influence of abusive supervision on employees' emotional exhaustion. Moreover, the present study also proposes the moderating effect of job crafting on abusive supervision and psychological withdrawal behavior will be mediated by emotional exhaustion.Design/methodology/approachConsidering the issue of common method variance, data were not only collected in a multi-temporal research design but also tested by Harman's one-factor test. In addition, a series of confirmatory factor analyses was conducted to ensure the discriminant validity of measures. The moderated mediation hypotheses were tested on a sample of 267 participants.FindingsThe process model analysis showed that emotional exhaustion partially mediates the relationship between abusive supervision and psychological withdrawal behavior. Moreover, job crafting buffers the detrimental effect of abusive supervision on emotional exhaustion, and the less exhausted employees exhibit less psychological withdrawal behavior than those exhausted.Originality/valueThis study proposed a moderated mediation model to examine how and when abusive supervision leads to more employees' psychological withdrawal behaviors, and found that emotional exhaustion is one potential mechanism and job crafting is one potential moderator. Specifically, it was revealed that employees view abusive supervision as a kind of social and organizational aspect of job demands which will exacerbate emotional exhaustion, and, in turn, lead to more psychological withdrawal behavior. However, when employees view themselves as job crafter, they can adopt various job crafting behaviors to decrease the emotional exhaustion, and thus less psychological withdrawal behavior.

Bullying effects on performance and engagement among academics

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Meriläinen ◽  
Kristi Kõiv ◽  
Anu Honkanen
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine relationships between perceived bullying, work engagement and work performance among Estonian academics. Specifically, it details what forms of bullying affect work engagement and performance. Moreover, the study explores the relationship between engagement and performance among bullied academics. Design/methodology/approach A total of 864 faculty members from nine Estonian universities participated in an e-mail survey in Spring 2014. Bullying was measured using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R22), and work engagement was assessed using the nine-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Respondents’ perceived performance and productivity were measured on a ten-point rating scale. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the relationship between bullying, engagement and performance. Findings Perceived bullying – especially “professional understating” – decreased work engagement and work performance among Estonian academics. The decrease in performance preceded the decrease in engagement or vice versa. The decrease in engagement was followed by lowered performance. Research limitations/implications A longitudinal study is needed to prove the specific one-way effect of (decreased) performance (because of perceived bullying) on engagement. Practical implications Preventing bullying and further increasing engagement and performance among Estonian academics requires getting out of policy of professional understating. Social implications The authors need to determine why Estonian academics experience professional understating, which includes being ordered to perform tasks below one’s level of competence and having key areas of responsibility removed or replaced with more trivial or unpleasant tasks. Originality/value The present results prove that it is possible to differentiate between specific forms of bullying in a specific context and further reveal those factors specifically that affect work performance and work engagement. Among Estonian academics – revealed in this study – “professional understating” seems to be such a factor.

Who benefits from time-spatial job crafting? The role of boundary characteristics in the relationship between time-spatial job crafting, engagement and performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jurgita Lazauskaite-Zabielske ◽  
Arunas Ziedelis ◽  
Ieva Urbanaviciute
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
Boundary Characteristics ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Work And Life

PurposeUsing the theoretical framework of job demands-resources and boundary management, the purpose of this paper is to explore the moderating role of work and life boundary characteristics in the relationship between time-spatial job crafting, work engagement and job performance.Design/methodology/approachA total of 176 employees working in the IT sector and having an opportunity to use flexible work arrangements were surveyed online.FindingsWork and life boundary characteristics were found to moderate the relationship between time-spatial job crafting and work engagement as well as between time-spatial job crafting and job performance. Moreover, boundary characteristics moderated the indirect relationship between time-spatial job crafting and job performance through work engagement.Practical implicationsTime-spatial job crafting becomes a key strategy for maintaining work engagement and job performance, when work–life boundaries are less flexible and less permeable.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates that boundary characteristics determine the effects of time-spatial job crafting on work engagement and job performance.

The roles of self-efficacy and leader–member exchange in the relationship between job crafting and work–self facilitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1362-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diellza Gashi Tresi ◽  
Katarina Katja Mihelič
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeBuilding on the work–home resources model, the purpose of this paper is to test the mediating role of employee self-efficacy in the relationship between job crafting and work–self facilitation. The paper further explores the moderating role of the quality of leader–member exchange (LMX).Design/methodology/approachA sample of 204 employees from a European country was used to test the proposed moderated mediation model. The analysis was performed using Hayes’ Process Macro.FindingsThe findings indicate that job crafting is positively associated with self-efficacy which, in turn, is positively associated with work–self facilitation. In other words, self-efficacy mediates the relationship between job crafting and work–self facilitation. Furthermore, LMX moderates the relationship between job crafting and self-efficacy.Practical implicationsThe results of this study offer guidelines for human resource (HR) professionals interested in grasping how organisations can assist employees in experiencing work–self facilitation.Originality/valueThis study advances the existing literature by investigating the antecedents of work–self facilitation, which is an understudied variable in the work–family and HR literature, thereby responding to calls to include aspects of self in the discussion on different life domains in order to obtain an all-inclusive view of how employees function. Furthermore, it demonstrates how LMX and job crafting promote the fulfilment of an employee’s own personal interests and hobbies. Such information is relevant to HR practitioners as it might help them boost employees’ work performance.

Trust in leaders, work satisfaction and work engagement in public hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Kristian Sandnes Håvold ◽  
Jon Ivar Håvold ◽  
Richard Glavee-Geo
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trust In Leaders ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeTo investigate the relationship between trust in leaders and work satisfaction on work engagement in public hospitals.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 137 employees working in two medium-sized public hospitals. A model based on a review of the literature was developed and tested using variance-based structural equation technique.FindingsWork engagement is significantly influenced by trust in leaders and work satisfaction. Work satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between trust in leaders and work engagement. Furthermore, personal development, affiliation and belonging and basic needs for job fulfilment significantly influence work satisfaction. Likewise, basic needs for job fulfilment and co-workers' empathy significantly influence trust in leaders.Practical implicationsThis study indicates that in public hospitals satisfaction and trust in a leader have a substantial influence on work engagement, highlighting the importance of a good trust relationship in the workplace. It is also important for leaders to understand that increased work engagement leads to a well-motivated workforce, improved work performance, low absence from work due to sick leave and a good patient experience.Originality/valueNot much research has been done on the direct effects of trust and satisfaction on engagement. Moreover, the study contributes to the existing literature through the development and testing of the “work engagement model”.

Does work engagement mediate the influence of job resourcefulness on job crafting?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1684-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeResearchers and practitioners have remarked the critical nature of job crafting for employee and organizational effectiveness in the hotel industry. However, few studies have investigated the determinants of job crafting, especially the role of personality traits. Hence, this study aims to address this research gap by exploring how job resourcefulness influences job crafting and by clarifying the mediating role of work engagement.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of the present study comprised 433 Taiwanese frontline hotel employees. The hypothesized relationships were tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results reveal that job-resourceful employees tend to engage themselves at work. Engaged employees tend to craft their jobs individually and collaboratively. That is, work engagement is a mediator between job resourcefulness and job crafting. Finally, the job resourcefulness–work engagement–individual crafting relationship is closer than the job resourcefulness–work engagement–collaborative crafting relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that job resourcefulness can be considered as a criterion in selecting and retaining employees. Work engagement may serve as a mechanism for interpreting the relationship between job resourcefulness and job crafting. This study provides crucial insights to help hotel managers seek and aid employees who can actively reshape their work conditions. However, the sample comprises only frontline hotel employees and the generalization can be considered in the future studies.Originality/valueThis research is the first to examine the psychological process that mediates the connection between job resourcefulness and job crafting. The findings of this study contribute to the theory of the relationship between personality traits and job crafting and may serve as a reference in related practices.

Work engagement as a mediator between subjective well-being and work-and-health outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Garg ◽  
Pankaj Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Withdrawal Behavior ◽  
Work And Health

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of work engagement as a mediator in the relationship of subjective well-being with work performance, work withdrawal behavior, physical and mental health. Design/methodology/approach A survey design was used to collect the data from 369 Indian software developers. Latent variable structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings Subjective well-being was found to have a significant positive association with work engagement and this, in turn, had significantly enhanced employee’s work performance and reduced work withdrawal behavior, mental and physical ill-health. In addition, work engagement was found to fully mediate the association of subjective well-being with work performance and mental ill-health, while it partially mediated the association of subjective well-being with work withdrawal behaviors and physical ill-health. Practical implications This paper contributes to the development of self-sustaining approach toward increasing work engagement and provides a way to deal with work-and-health outcomes. Originality/value This study is one of the early attempts to examine direct and indirect associations of subjective well-being with work-and-health outcomes in an Indian setting.

Employees shaping their own jobs: how to enable job crafting?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Menachery
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study is to review the latest developments in the area of job crafting and provide guidelines on how to enable job crafting. Design/methodology/approach The concept of job crafting is examined through a review, and the author gives his insights on the conditions to be created to enable job crafting. Findings In job crafting, individual employees and groups of employees customize their jobs by changing perceptions, tasks, and interactions related to their jobs in ways that would lead to work engagement and job satisfaction. Job crafting behavior is positively linked to engagement, work performance, job satisfaction, and employees’ well-being. Organizations can benefit by enabling job crafting to supplement top-down traditional job design approaches, thereby facilitating continuous improvement of jobs and innovation. Originality/value The different ways in which employees shape their jobs are examined, and guidelines on how to enable job crafting are elucidated.

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