Understanding the experiences of hikikomori through the lens of the CHIME framework: connectedness, hope and optimism, identity, meaning in life, and empowerment; systematic review

Abstract Background Hikikomori is a phenomenon describing people who exhibit behaviors of self-secluding themselves at home for long durations of time and usually only having face-to-face social interactions with none other than family. Existing interventions for hikikomori are inconclusive and the majority are absent in using a theoretical framework to guide its components. Therefore, applicability of the psychosocial recovery framework of Connectedness, Hope and Optimism, Identity, Meaning in Life, and Empowerment (CHIME) towards hikikomori care was reviewed. Method Five databases were searched in April 2020 with the search formula from a published systematic review on hikikomori combined with search terms specific to domains of the CHIME framework. Articles included in the review were of the English language, of all publication years, peer-reviewed, quantitative or qualitative research studies and case studies, included study designs that were observational or interventional in nature, and involved populations of socially withdrawn youth. Results CHIME’s comprehensive structure and organized approach could guide researchers or service providers in determining areas needing assessments, measurement, and areas of focus. It is suggested that the CHIME framework is applicable after modifying a specific dimension—‘meaning of mental illness experiences’ into ‘meaning of the hikikomori experience’. Thematic overlap occurred between the domains of connectedness, identity, and meaning. Yet, additional dimensions or domains such as trust building, non-linearity, and spatiality can be included for addressing specific limitations in this application, which would help towards catering services to help hikikomori in recovery or in increasing quality-of-life of those individuals’ while entrapped in this withdrawn lifestyle. Conclusion CHIME framework could be applicable towards hikikomori care after applying the suggested modifications. Additionally, many knowledge gaps were found in literature during this review that warrants further investigation to improve hikikomori care.

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Musculoskeletal Injury Profile of Circus Artists: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Medical Problems of Performing Artists ◽

10.21091/mppa.2017.1008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 51-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

HEG Wolfenden ◽

M Angioi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Injury Rate ◽

Future Research ◽

Search Terms ◽

Preventative Intervention ◽

Item Checklist ◽

Preventative Interventions ◽

High Degree ◽

Injury Definition

BACKGROUND: The circus arts involve a high degree of acrobatic, athletic, and aesthetic ability with extreme physical demands placed on performers. An understanding of the injury profile is required to guide prevention. AIM: To provide the first systematic review to enhance understanding of circus-related injuries and to provide a foundation for future preventative intervention. METHODS: MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from conception to March 2016 using key search terms relating to circus artists and injury. Studies were limited to English-language human studies and included all levels and ages of circus artists. Risk of bias was assessed using a novel seven-item checklist based on the STROBE statement. RESULTS: Eight studies of varying design, populations, outcomes, and quality were analysed. Results suggest that the injury rate is relatively low among professional circus artists at 7.37 to 9.27/1,000 artist exposures. The spine and ankle are frequently injured, and most injuries are to soft tissue structures. In the professional setting, injuries appear minor, resulting in few treatments, few missed or altered performances, and a low risk of re-injury. CONCLUSIONS: The spine and ankle should be targeted for preventative interventions in circus artists due to their high frequency of injury. The heterogeneity of studies included in this review highlights the need for consistency within future research, particularly in terms of injury definition and outcome measurements.

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Face-to-Face Compared With Online Collected Accounts of Health and Illness Experiences: A Scoping Review

Qualitative Health Research ◽

10.1177/1049732320935835 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (13) ◽

pp. 2092-2102

Author(s):

Louise Davies ◽

Karissa L. LeClair ◽

Pamela Bagley ◽

Heather Blunt ◽

Lisa Hinton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

English Language ◽

Contextual Information ◽

Relational Satisfaction ◽

Consensus Development ◽

Face To Face ◽

Illness Experiences ◽

Health And Illness ◽

Alternative Approaches ◽

Online Methods

Advocates of online alternatives to face-to-face interviewing suggest online approaches save money and time, whereas others have raised concerns about the quality and content of the resulting data. These issues affect researchers designing and costing their studies and application reviewers and research funders. We conducted a scoping review of English language articles describing the range of online alternative approaches. Furthermore, we systematically identified studies directly comparing online alternatives with face-to-face approaches. Synthesis of these 11 articles (565 participants) suggests that online alternatives should not be viewed as a straightforward replacement for face-to-face, a particularly important finding given the rapid communication changes occurring in the COVID-19 pandemic. When applied with consideration of the evolving evidence on their strengths and weaknesses, online methods may increase the likelihood of obtaining the desired sample, but responses are shorter, less contextual information is obtained, and relational satisfaction and consensus development are lower.

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Epistaxis Risk Associated with Intranasal Corticosteroid Sprays: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/0194599819832277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 161 (1) ◽

pp. 18-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eric L. Wu ◽

William C. Harris ◽

Casey M. Babcock ◽

Bailin H. Alexander ◽

Charles A. Riley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Relative Risk ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Included Study ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Intranasal Corticosteroids ◽

Language Studies ◽

Increased Risk

Objective Intranasal corticosteroids (INCSs) are widely utilized for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Epistaxis is a known adverse effect of INCSs, but it is not known if the risk of epistaxis differs among INCSs. Data Sources Systematic review of primary studies identified through Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed Central, and Cochrane databases. Review Methods Systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA standard. English-language studies were queried through February 1, 2018. The search identified randomized controlled trials of INCSs for treatment of allergic rhinitis that reported incidence of epistaxis. An itemized assessment of the risk of bias was conducted for each included study, and meta-analysis was performed of the relative risk of epistaxis for each INCS. Results Of 949 identified studies, 72 met the criteria for analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated an overall relative risk of epistaxis of 1.48 (95% CI, 1.32-1.67) for all INCSs. The INCSs associated with the highest risk of epistaxis were beclomethasone hydrofluoroalkane, fluticasone furoate, mometasone furoate, and fluticasone propionate. Beclomethasone aqueous, ciclesonide hydrofluoroalkane, and ciclesonide aqueous were associated with the lowest risk of epistaxis. Conclusions about epistaxis with use of budesonide, triamcinolone, and flunisolide are limited due to the low number of studies and high heterogeneity. Conclusions While a differential effect on epistaxis among INCS agents is not clearly demonstrated, this meta-analysis does confirm an increased risk of epistaxis for patients using INCSs as compared with placebo for treatment of allergic rhinitis.

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Effect of Intranasal Corticosteroids on Secondary Sinonasal Symptoms: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.1177/1945892419844397 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 601-607

Author(s):

Neal Deot ◽

Jeremy Barr ◽

Nicholas Mankowski ◽

Jacob Brunner ◽

Edward D. McCoul

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Facial Pain ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Included Study ◽

Specific Symptom ◽

Postnasal Drip ◽

Pressure Headache ◽

Sinonasal Symptoms

Background Intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) sprays are indicated for use in the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and include aqueous and nonaqueous formulations. Secondary symptoms of rhinitis include postnasal drip, facial pain/pressure, headache, cough, and ear fullness. The effectiveness of INCS on these specific symptoms, as well as the comparative effectiveness of aqueous and nonaqueous formulations, is poorly defined. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of aqueous versus nonaqueous INCS formulations on less common sinonasal symptoms. Methods A systematic review was conducted of English-language, randomized controlled trials, with adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) standard. Studies that did not provide quantitative data on relief of postnasal drip, facial pain/pressure, headache, cough, and ear fullness were excluded. An itemized assessment of the risk of bias was conducted for each included study. Results Of the 118 studies identified, 9 met the criteria for qualitative analysis. An effect on postnasal drip was reported in 5 studies, facial pain/pressure in 2 studies, and cough in 2 studies. A reduction in a specific symptom was reported in about half of these studies, with heterogenous outcome measures. Only 1 study reported the effect of a nonaqueous formulation on a specific symptom. No studies reported an effect on aural fullness. Conclusions Limited data are available regarding the effectiveness of aqueous or nonaqueous INCS on secondary symptoms in adult patients with rhinitis. Further study is needed using homogenous outcome measures and direct comparison of INCS formulations.

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Determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services: a systematic review protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.13214.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Paul Dunbar ◽

John P. Browne ◽

Laura O'Connor

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Improvement ◽

Social Care ◽

Service Providers ◽

Regulatory Compliance ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Care Services ◽

Health And Social Care ◽

Wide Range ◽

Study Designs

Background: The delivery of high quality health and social care services is a fundamental goal for health systems worldwide. Identifying the determinants of quality is a complex task as there are a myriad of variables to choose from. Researchers in this field have assessed a range of organisational and environmental factors (for example: staff composition, facility ownership, facility size) for an association with various quality metrics. Less attention has been paid to the determinants of compliance with quality regulation. Identifying the determinants of compliance has the potential to improve regulatory processes and can inform quality improvement initiatives undertaken by service providers and policy makers. This protocol describes a systematic review which will review literature from a wide range of study designs and sources to develop an overview of the determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services. Methods: A wide range of study designs and grey literature will be sought for this review. Searches will be conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SocINDEX and CINAHL databases. The studies included in the review will be subject to quality appraisal with reference to the collection of tools available from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data extraction will be informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). A narrative synthesis will be conducted on the barriers, facilitators and factors associated with compliance, with reference to the concepts mapped onto the CFIR. GRADE-CERQual will be used to grade the overall body of evidence. Conclusion: The findings of this review will be useful to regulators to inform regulatory policy and practice. Service providers and policy makers may also use the findings to inform quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving compliance and quality across a range of health and social care services.

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Death Anxiety in the Elderly in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Salmand ◽

10.32598/sija.16.2.862.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 151-171

Author(s):

Maliheh Khalvati ◽

◽

Masoudeh Babakhanian ◽

Mahboube Khalvati ◽

Ayub Nafei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Old Age ◽

Meaning In Life ◽

Death Anxiety ◽

Service Providers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Older Men ◽

Men And Women

Objectives: Aging is one of the most critical stages of human development that has its own characteristics and conditions. One of the most common issues in old age is the mental health whose achievement requires special attention from both health system policymakers and service providers to the elderly. Death anxiety is one of the most common mental health issues in old age, because this period is full of feelings of shortcomings and disabilities. Since death anxiety is a multidimensional factor, it is expected to affect many aspects of the elderly. The present study aims to review and analyze published studies in the field of death anxiety in the elderly in Iran. Methods & Materials: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted on the studies related to the death anxiety of the elderly in Iran published in Persian from 2011 to 2019. A search was conducted in national databases, including SID, IranDoc, MagIran, IDML, and CIVILICA using the keywords: Death anxiety, elderly, and older adult. Initial search yielded 61 articles. After screening, 33 studies that met the entry and exit criteria were selected for the final review. We used Stata v. 14 and SPSS v. 22 applications to perform meta-analysis. Results: In the studies, 40.35% of the participants were older women and the rest were older men with a mean age of 67.80±6.44 years. The mean score of death anxiety was higher in men than in women, and the elderly living in nursing homes had the highest score (11.8). Studies were categorized into three sections: comparison (3 studies), intervention (11 studies), and factors affecting the death anxiety (18 studies). The results of meta-analysis showed no significant relationship between spiritual therapy and reduction of death anxiety in the elderly (P>0.05). In studies with spiritual and behavioral therapies, the heterogeneity was significant and, thus, a significant positive relationship was observed between the reduction of death anxiety and these treatments methods. Conclusion: The death anxiety level of the elderly in Iran is low. Religious beliefs, hopes for the intercession of imams and religious leaders, and hopes for freedom from the hardships of worldly life seem to have contributed to low death anxiety in Iran. Different death anxiety scores have been reported for older men and women in Iran may be due to the effect of culture, religion, and traditions, the difference in the roles of men and women, and even the expression of fear and anxiety. Most of men have less tendency to express their emotions, including fear, while women are more likely to express their feelings. Behavioral and spiritual interventions lead to a decrease in the elderly’s death anxiety through affecting their finding meaning in life.

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Determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services: a systematic review protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.13214.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Paul Dunbar ◽

John P. Browne ◽

Laura O'Connor

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Improvement ◽

Social Care ◽

Service Providers ◽

Regulatory Compliance ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Care Services ◽

Health And Social Care ◽

Wide Range ◽

Study Designs

Background: The delivery of high quality health and social care services is a fundamental goal for health systems worldwide. The measurement of quality in health and social care services is a complex task as there are a myriad of determinants and outcome measures to choose from. Researchers in this field have assessed a range of organisational and environmental factors (for example: staff composition, facility ownership, facility size) for an association with various measurements for quality. Compliance with regulations is one such quality measure. Compliance with regulations is variable and the determinants of this variability are under-investigated. Identifying the determinants of compliance has the potential to improve regulatory processes and can inform quality improvement initiatives undertaken by service providers and policy makers. This protocol describes a systematic review which will review literature from a wide range of study designs and sources to develop an overview of the determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services. Methods: A wide range of study designs and grey literature will be sought for this review. Searches will be conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SocINDEX and CINAHL databases. The studies included in the review will be subject to quality appraisal with reference to the collection of tools available from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data extraction will be informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). A narrative synthesis will be conducted with reference to the CFIR and Normalisation Process Theory (NPT). GRADE-CERQual will be used to grade the overall body of evidence. Conclusion: The findings of this review will be useful to regulators to inform regulatory policy and practice. Service providers and policy makers may also use the findings to inform quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving compliance and quality across a range of health and social care services.

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Electronic consultations (E-consults) and their outcomes: a systematic review

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association ◽

10.1093/jamia/ocz185 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 471-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Varsha G Vimalananda ◽

Jay D Orlander ◽

Melissa K Afable ◽

B Graeme Fincke ◽

Amanda K Solch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Limited Data ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Face To Face ◽

The Us ◽

Access Cost ◽

Clinician Experience ◽

Rigorous Study ◽

Study Designs

Abstract Objective Electronic consultations (e-consults) are clinician-to-clinician communications that may obviate face-to-face specialist visits. E-consult programs have spread within the US and internationally despite limited data on outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of the recent peer-reviewed literature on the effect of e-consults on access, cost, quality, and patient and clinician experience and identified the gaps in existing research on these outcomes. Materials and Methods We searched 4 databases for empirical studies published between 1/1/2015 and 2/28/2019 that reported on one or more outcomes of interest. Two investigators reviewed titles and abstracts. One investigator abstracted information from each relevant article, and another confirmed the abstraction. We applied the GRADE criteria for the strength of evidence for each outcome. Results We found only modest empirical evidence for effectiveness of e-consults on important outcomes. Most studies are observational and within a single health care system, and comprehensive assessments are lacking. For those outcomes that have been reported, findings are generally positive, with mixed results for clinician experience. These findings reassure but also raise concern for publication bias. Conclusion Despite stakeholder enthusiasm and encouraging results in the literature to date, more rigorous study designs applied across all outcomes are needed. Policy makers need to know what benefits may be expected in what contexts, so they can define appropriate measures of success and determine how to achieve them.

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Intralesional injection treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a systematic review regarding outcomes

Burns & Trauma ◽

10.1186/s41038-015-0015-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Aurelia Trisliana Perdanasari ◽

Matteo Torresetti ◽

Luca Grassetti ◽

Fabio Nicoli ◽

Yi Xin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Intralesional Injection ◽

Hypertrophic Scars ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Search Terms ◽

Injection Treatment ◽

Full Text Review ◽

On Line

Abstract Background The aim of this review was to explore the existing body of literature focusing on the intralesional treatments of keloids and hypertrophic scars. Methods A comprehensive systematic review of related articles was conducted across multiple databases. Article selection was limited to those published in the English language between 1950 and 2014. Search terms for the on-line research were “scar(s),” “keloid(s),” “hypertrophic,” “injection,” “intralesional,” and “treatment”. Results The initial search returned 2548 published articles. After full text review, the final search yielded 11 articles that met inclusion criteria. A total of 14 patient samples in 11 articles were collected. The most frequent intralesional injection treatment studied was triamcinolone (n = 5), followed by bleomycin (n = 3), 5-fluorouracil (n = 2), verapamil (n = 2), cryosurgery, and collagenase. The scar height reduction for all but one study was demonstrated, with acceptable complication and recurrence rate. Only three articles reported a follow-up period longer than 18 months, and only two studies used standardized outcome criteria with a quantitative scale. Conclusions Although many treatment options have already been described in the literature, there is no universally accepted treatment resulting in permanent hypertrophic or keloid scar ablation. The lack of adequately long-term powered randomized controlled trials does not permit to establish definitive conclusions with implications for routine clinical practice. Level of evidence III/Therapeutic

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The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool: a systematic review

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/2016.1.focus15611 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. E6 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Aaron M. Yengo-Kahn ◽

Andrew T. Hale ◽

Brian H. Zalneraitis ◽

Scott L. Zuckerman ◽

Allen K. Sills ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Standardized Assessment ◽

Football Players ◽

Symptom Scale ◽

Sport Concussion ◽

Depth Study ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Study Designs

OBJECTIVE Over the last 2 decades, sport-related concussion (SRC) has garnered significant attention. Even with increased awareness and athlete education, sideline recognition and real-time diagnosis remain crucial. The need for an objective and standardized assessment of concussion led to the eventual development of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) during the Second International Conference on Concussion in Sport in 2004, which is now in its third iteration (SCAT3). In an effort to update our understanding of the most well-known sideline concussion assessment, the authors conducted a systematic review of the SCAT and the evidence supporting its use to date. METHODS English-language titles and abstracts published between 1995 and October 2015 were searched systematically across 4 electronic databases and a review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines adapted for the review of a heterogeneous collection of study designs. Peer-reviewed journal articles were included if they reported quantitative data on any iteration of the SCAT, Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), or modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) data at baseline or following concussion in an exclusively athlete population with any portion older than 13 years of age. Studies that included nonathletes, only children less than 13 years old, exclusively BESS data, exclusively symptom scale data, or a non–SCAT-related assessment were excluded. RESULTS The database search process yielded 549 abstracts, and 105 full-text articles were reviewed with 36 meeting criteria for inclusion. Nineteen studies were associated with the SAC, 1 was associated with the mBESS exclusively, and 16 studies were associated with a full iteration of the SCAT. The majority of these studies (56%) were prospective cohort studies. Male football players were the most common athletes studied. An analysis of the studies focused on baseline differences associated with age, sex, concussion history, and the ability to detect an SRC. CONCLUSIONS Looking toward the upcoming Concussion in Sport Group meeting in fall 2016, one may expect further revision to the SCAT3. However, based on this systematic review, the authors propose further, in-depth study of an already comprehensive concussion test, with acute, diagnostic, as well as long-term use.

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