scholarly journals Adoption of the One Health approach to improve zoonosis control in low-income countries: Insights from the case of rabies management in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Madi Savadogo ◽  
Hamidou Zangré ◽  
Sougrenoma Désiré Nana ◽  
Abdoul Kader Ilboudo ◽  
Laibané Dieudonné Dahourou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Low Income ◽  
One Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Rabies Control ◽  
The One ◽  
Ministry Of Higher Education ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background and Aim: Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease transmissible to humans and domestic and wild animals through biting, scratching, or licking. This study aimed to analyze the adoption of the One Health approach by the stakeholders involved in rabies control in Burkina Faso. Materials and Methods: The stakeholders involved in rabies control were from the Ministry of Livestock, Ministry of Health, Ministry of the Territory Administration, Ministry of Environment and Wildlife, and Ministry of Higher Education and Research. A structured questionnaire was used in face-to-face interviews to collect data from the stakeholders. The collected data included stakeholders' knowledge of rabies and the One Health approach and their levels of involvement in the multisectoral collaboration. Results: Most participants could not describe rabies correctly (80%), and only 52.9% had heard of the One Health approach. In addition, there was no significant association between knowledge of rabies and participants' characteristics, and the knowledge of the One Health approach was significantly influenced by a participant's affiliation (place of work). Conclusion: The results call for an increase in One Health education for its effective adoption by all the rabies control stakeholders. Additional efforts should focus on continual training of the One Health workforce, from policy-makers to frontline personnel.

scholarly journals ‘One Health’ infectious diseases surveillance in Tanzania: Are we all on board the same flight?

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erasto V. Mbugi ◽  
Kim A. Kayunze ◽  
Bugwesa Z. Katale ◽  
Sharon Kendall ◽  
Liam Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Low Income ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The One

Infectious diseases account for nearly 40% of the burden of human mortality and morbidity in low-income countries, of which 7% is attributable to zoonoses and 13% to recently emerging diseases from animals. One of the strategic approaches for effective surveillance, monitoring and control of infectious diseases compromising health in both humans and animals could be through a combination of multiple disciplines. The approach can be achieved through a joint effort from stakeholders comprising health professionals (medical and veterinary), social, economic, agricultural, environmental and other interested parties. With resource scarcity in terms of number of staff, skills and facility in low-income countries, participatory multi- sectoral and multidisciplinary approaches in limiting the burden of zoonotic diseases could be worthwhile. We review challenging issues that may limit the ‘One Health’ approach for infectious diseases surveillance in Tanzania with a focus on Health Policy and how best the human and animal health systems could be complemented or linked to suit the community in need for disease control under the theme’s context.

The metaphors of globalization and trade

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Ghafele
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The One

This research project examined the metaphors of Globalization and trade in the context of current asymmetries prevailing between high- and low-income countries. As a theoretical underpinning we used historical discourse analysis which views language as a social activity through which humans conceive and understand the reality they live in. Metaphors in particular provide speakers with an inventory of comparisons and pictures. Metaphors offer the discourse its down-to-earth shading and help in this way to secure one specific perspective on reality. How this is being done in the WTO system is demonstrated in the empirical part of the article. Metaphors on Globalization and trade were extracted from face-to-face interviews with WTO staff and trade diplomats of low-income African countries. These metaphors were analyzed with respect to their force in making trade ‘speakable’, and by doing so providing the one particular view on Globalization that hardly leaves any space for alternative considerations.

Infrastructure deficit and opportunities in Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Mafusire ◽  
Zuzana Brixiova ◽  
John Anyanwu ◽  
Qingwei Meng
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
Financing Infrastructure

Private sector investment opportunities in Africa’s infrastructure are huge. Regulatory reforms across African countries are identified as critical to the realization of the expected investment flows in the infrastructure sector. However, planners and policy makers need to note that there are infrastructure deficiencies in all subsectors with low income countries (LICs) in Africa facing the greatest challenge. Inefficiencies in implementing infrastructure projects account for USD 17 billion annually and improving the capacity of African countries will help minimize these costs. In this regard, the donor community must play a greater role in African LICs while innovative financing mechanisms must be the focus in the relatively richer countries of the continent. Traditional sources of financing infrastructure development remain important but private investment is critical in closing the current gaps. Countries need to devise mechanisms to exploit opportunities and avoid pitfalls in investing in infrastructure.

Introduction: Resilience and sustainability

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Perrings
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Ecological Concept ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
Lock In

One of the most interesting and potentially useful outcomes of recent collaboration between natural and social scientists concerned with the sustainability of jointly determined ecological-economic systems is the application of the ecological concept of resilience. In its broadest sense, resilience is a measure of the ability of a system to withstand stresses and shocks – its ability to persist in an uncertain world. For many policy-makers, however, the concern that desirable states or processes may not be ‘sustainable’ is balanced by the concern that individuals and societies may get ‘locked-in’ to undesirable states or processes. Many low-income countries, for example, are thought to have been caught in poverty traps, and poverty traps have since been seen as a major cause of environmental degradation (Dasgupta, 1993). Other examples of ‘lock-in’ include our dependence on hydrocarbon-based technologies, or the institutional and cultural rigidities that stand in the way of change (Hanna, Folke, and Mäler, 1996). Such states or processes are too persistent.

scholarly journals Perception of Nature’s Contributions to People in Rural Communities in the Eastern Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7665
Author(s):  
Rafael Melo de Brito ◽  
Valente José Matlaba ◽  
Vera Lúcia Imperatriz-Fonseca ◽  
Tereza Cristina Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

Nature’s contributions to people (NCP) are increasingly being considered in decisions by policy-makers because of their relevance to the well-being of people. Learning the value of nature from the perception of communities can help to define priorities and to guide the development of public policies for environmental conservation. The objective of this study was to analyze the perception of the importance, benefits, and problems of NCP among residents of five rural communities, and their opinion about the protected areas of the municipality, considering their socioeconomic characteristics. The method consisted of conducting questionnaire-based, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with a sample of 214 randomly selected households in five rural communities of Parauapebas (Pará, Eastern Amazon). We used appropriate statistical tests for data analysis. The main results show that the communities were highly homogeneous and that 52% of the households had low income (below a minimum wage of USD 250). A high proportion of respondents gave the highest importance to all categories of NCP (2/3 of respondents for material, 3/4 for non-material, and 4/5 for regulating NCP). The most commonly mentioned benefits of NCP referred to subsistence or livelihood and quality of life (40% of total mentions). Environmental degradation problems were the most cited (38% of total mentions). Almost all respondents stated that they had a positive opinion about the protected areas of the municipality, despite underusing them. This study is relevant because it analyses, for the first time, the perceptions of NCP among residents of rural communities in the Eastern Amazon, an essential aspect for decision-and public policy-making.

scholarly journals CONCENTRATION IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCA DEIDDA ◽  
BASSAM FATTOUH
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Endogenous Growth Model ◽  
Banking Concentration ◽  
Capita Income Growth ◽  
The One ◽  
Opposing Effects

We present an endogenous growth model with two sectors: a real sector where the final good is produced, and a banking sector that intermediates between savers and firms. Banking concentration exerts two opposite effects on growth. On the one hand, it induces economies of specialization, which is beneficial to growth. On the other hand, it results in duplication of banks' investment in fixed capital, which is detrimental to growth. The trade-off between the two opposing effects is ambiguous and can vary along the process of economic development. Hence, there is a potential nonlinear and nonmonotonic relationship between concentration and growth. We test this implication, using cross-country data on income and industry growth. We find that banking concentration is negatively associated with per-capita income growth and industrial growth only in low-income countries. This suggests that reducing concentration is more likely to promote growth in low-income countries than in high-income ones.

8.1 Appraisal and finance of intensive animal production schemes

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 439-448
Author(s):  
W. Schaefer-Kehnert
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Wide Experience ◽  
The One

It is a world-wide experience that economic growth creates an increasing demand for food of animal origin, and, once a certain income level is reached, the demand for food of vegetable origin shrinks. Therefore, the proportion of animal products in the human diet is almost an indicator of the income level achieved by certain population groups or whole countries (excluding vegetarian societies on the one hand and pastoral societies on the other). FAO's provisional food balance sheets (FAO, 1977) indicate that, in most low income countries, animal products contribute less than 10% to total energy intake, whereas in high income countries they contribute almost 50%

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