scholarly journals Kalanchoë Breeding: Past, Present and Future

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Mehmet Uğur Kahraman ◽  
Yeşim Yalçın Mendi ◽  
Şenay Karabıyık ◽  
Henrik Vlk Lütken ◽  
Bruno Trevenzoli Favero
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
The World ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Key Features

Abstract Kalanchoë cultivars rank as one of the most sold potted ornamental plants in the world. Among its key features that sustain high market interest are the long flowering period, abundance of flowers, thick and glossy leaves, easy maintenance and less water requirement compared to other potted plants. In breeding studies of Kalanchoë, plants with different flower colors such as white, cream, yellow, orange, red, pink and purple were developed. Moreover, double-flowered cultivars (comprising a large number of petals), more compact and cultivars with larger flowers were also obtained. Novel morphological characteristics are always in high demand in the market of ornamental plants. Increasing the variation in the gene pool with different species played a major role in the development of these characteristics. Nowadays, not only potted cultivars are launched but also cut flower cultivars have been developed and presented to consumers. Besides conventional breeding and interspecific hybridization, biotechnological methods, which have a promising future, are used to develop morphological characteristics of Kalanchoë.

scholarly journals Balanço hormonal auxina/citocinica para multiplicação in vitro de genótipos de gérbera

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Tarcisio Rangel do Couto ◽  
◽  
João Sebastião de Paula Araujo ◽  
João Paulo de Lima Aguilar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
World Market ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The World

Gerbera is used as a cut flower and has gained popularity as ornamental flower and great demand in the world market for ornamental plants. Micropropagation is used to meet the demand for commercial planting material. The objective was to evaluate the BAP and ANA phytoregulators effect gerberas in vitro multiplication. The explants were inoculated in MS culture medium containing different concentrations of BAP (0.0; 2.22; 4.44; 8.88 and 17.76 µmol L-1) and ANA (0.0; 1.34; 2.68 and 5.36 µmol L-1). After eight weeks, the number of shoots formed in each explant and the average length of the shoots were evaluated. Was possible to establish and recommend an ideal concentration of BAP and ANA for each gerbera genotype.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Botrytis cinerea on Pelargonium spp. in Argentina

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1107-1107
Author(s):  
H. E. Palmucci ◽  
E. R. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Average Size

Pelargonium spp. are perennial ornamental plants used as potted plants or bedding plants in gardens. During the spring and summer of 2003, symptoms of an unknown disease appeared on florists' geranium (Pelargonium inquinans (L.) L'Herit) and ivy geranium (P. peltatum (L.) L'Herit.) adult plants growing in gardens in the suburbs of Buenos Aires. Flowers showed small, water-soaked spots that expanded and eventually blighted the petals. Brown, circular to irregular, water-soaked spots developed in leaves and advanced into the peduncules. A fungus was isolated from diseased leaf tissue on potato dextrose agar after surface disinfestations in 2% NaOCl for 2 min. Pure cultures formed a whitish, dense mycelial mat and turned gray after 72 h. Conidia were ellipsoid, hyaline, nonseptate, and were formed on botryose heads with an average size of 8.6 × 10.2 μm. Black, round, and irregular sclerotia developed on 7-day-old cultures with an average size of 1.1 × 1.7 mm. Morphological characteristics agree with those described for B. cinerea Pers.:Fr (1). Pathogenicity tests were conducted. Five 3-month-old plants of each host were spray inoculated with a conidial suspension (1 × 106 conidia/ml). Three controls of each host were sprayed with sterile distilled water. Plants were covered with plastic bags for 48 h and incubated at 20 ± 2°C with natural light for 15 days. Lesions similar to those observed in natural infection developed after 4 days. B. cinerea was reisolated from lesions, thus completing Koch's postulates. Controls remained symptomless. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. cinerea causing a disease on Pelargonium. spp. in Argentina. Reference: (1) M. V. Ellis and J. M. Waller. No. 431 in: Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. CMI. Kew, Surrey, UK, 1974.

scholarly journals Characterization and selection of torch ginger for cut flower

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Guimarães Pinheiro de Araújo ◽  
João Calos César De Albuquerque Filho ◽  
Simone Santos Lira Silva ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Ferreira De Castro ◽  
Charleston Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Flower Stem ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Etlingera Elatior ◽  
Production Characteristics

Torch ginger, Etlingera elatior, is among the most cultivated tropical flower of its genus. Its great acceptability in the market led researchers to improve production characteristics and to adapt it for commercialization. This study aimed to characterize 10 genotypes of torch ginger in order to select and recommend them as cut flower. The experiment ran from Jan 2014 to Dec 2016 in Paulista, Brazil and nine agro-morphological characteristics were evaluated to build a grading system that determined their suitability for cut flower. The IAC 26 and IAC 34 genotypes were classified as poorly suitable, for they presented fresh mass exceeding 237 g. They also presented less than 19 flower stems per clump and only one month with ≥1 floral stem produced in 2015. The genotypes IAC 1, IAC 2, IAC 3, IAC 11, IAC 13 and the cultivar IAC Prumirim were classified as suitable, although they obtained intermediate scores for most of the evaluated criteria. The genotype IAC 41 and the cultivar IAC Camburi were classified as very suitable for cut flower, beginning of flowering period at 12 months, produce 33.25 and 41.20 flower stem per clump, respectively, and present seven months with production of more than one floral stem per clump in 2016, achieving maximum scores from most of the evaluated characteristics.

Integrated Pest Management — How to do It?

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben Ausher
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Control Failures ◽  
Intensive Control

Protection of crop and ornamental plants from noxious organisms — insects, nematodes, mites, pathogens and weeds — is indispensable to modern agriculture. Despite intensive control efforts, about 50% of the world's crops are lost to these organisms, at an estimated annual cost of about 400 billion dollars. Ever since the advent of synthetic pesticides in the 1940s, modern crop protection has been largely based on chemical control. Pesticide expenditures are about 20% of total farming input costs, although this figure varies substantially according to crop and region. Mounting environmental concerns and pest control failures have made It increasingly clear that the use of toxic pesticides In agriculture should be drastically reduced all over the world.

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics, Classifications and Difficulties in the Use of Diagnostic Criteria for Serrated Lesions of the Large Intestine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar de Souza Bastos Junior ◽  
Vera Lucia Nunes Pannain ◽  
Adriana Caroli-Bottino
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Serrated Adenoma ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal neoplasm in the world, accounting for 15% of cancer-related deaths. This condition is related to different molecular pathways, among them the recently described serrated pathway, whose characteristic entities, serrated lesions, have undergone important changes in their names and diagnostic criteria in the past thirty years. The multiplicity of denominations and criteria over the last years may be responsible for the low interobserver concordance (IOC) described in the literature. Objectives The present study aims to describe the evolution in classification of serrated lesions, based on the last three publications of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the reproducibility of these criteria by pathologists, based on the evaluation of the IOC. Methods A search was conducted in the PubMed, ResearchGate and Portal Capes databases, with the following terms: sessile serrated lesion; serrated lesions; serrated adenoma; interobserver concordance; and reproducibility. Articles published since 1990 were researched. Results and Discussion The classification of serrated lesions in the past thirty years showed different denominations and diagnostic criteria. The reproducibility and IOC of these criteria in the literature, based on the kappa coefficient, varied in most studies, from very poor to moderate. Conclusions Interobserver concordance and the reproducibility of microscopic criteria may represent a limitation for the diagnosis and appropriate management of these lesions. It is necessary to investigate diagnostic tools to improve the performance of the pathologist's evaluation, for better concordance, and, consequently, adequate diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Exogenous 5-azaCitidine accelerates flowering and external GA3 increases ornamental value in Iranian Anemone accessions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahideh Yari ◽  
Zeynab Roein ◽  
Atefeh Sabouri
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Flower Longevity ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractThe Anemone genus is a tuberous geophyte which undergoes a dormancy period during unfavorable environmental conditions for growth. Five species of the Anemone genus naturally grow in several regions of Iran. The diverse uses of Anemone in gardens for landscaping, cut flowers, and potted plants indicate its high ornamental potential. Its dormancy and flowering are influenced by various factors. The present paper was conducted to explore the flowering behavior of Anemone accessions in response to different pre-treatments. For this purpose, tubers of 18 Anemone accessions (A. coronaria and A. biflora) were collected from natural regions of six provinces in Iran. These tubers were subjected to different conditions of non-chilling (20 °C, 90 days), chilling (4 °C, 90 days), GA3 (150 mgL-1; 24 h), and 5-azaCitidine (5-azaC; 40 µM; 24 h) prior to the cultivation. Most of the accessions were able to enter the flowering stage without chilling. The shortest period for the sprouting of tubers (16.89 ± 7.83 days) belonged to 5-azaC pre-treatment. In addition, this treatment accelerated the flowering time (about 30 days earlier) and diameter of the stem, bud, and flower. Morphological characteristics, such as stem height, number of leaves, bud, and petal and the longevity of flowers on the plant were significantly affected by GA3 pre-treatment. Our results indicated a positive correlation between flower length, stem height, and stem diameter with flower longevity under different pre-treatment conditions. The present study demonstrated that accessions Anm3, Anm12, and Anm18 had ornamental values higher than the population mean across four conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Wave UV Light on Monilinia Growth and Identification of Species

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Cal ◽  
P. Melgarejo
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
The World ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Respective Species

The effect of long-wave UV/dark period on mycelial growth of 46 isolates of Monilinia sp. collected in Spain and 16 isolates collected from other parts of the world was investigated. Typical isolates of M. laxa, M. fructigena, and M. fructicola were grown in the dark and identified by morphological characteristics. Long-wave UV/dark conditions reduced the growth rates of M. laxa, M. fructigena, and M. fructicola on potato dextrose agar. All isolates of M. fructigena grew more slowly than those of M. fructicola. Typical and atypical isolates of M. fructigena and M. fructicola were placed in their respective species based on long-wave UV/dark growth rate data. M. laxa isolates were readily distinguished by the short distance from their conidium to the first germ tube branch. The involvement of different photoreceptors in photoresponses by M. fructicola and M. fructigena is discussed. Differences in mycelial growth under long-wave UV may be a useful tool to identify Monilinia spp.

SARS-CoV-2: Molecular biology and therapeutic target.

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Pandey ◽  
Ankita Pathak ◽  
Mohammad Shahar Yar ◽  
Yuba Raj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Repurposed Drugs ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Viral Outbreak

: A century after the outbreak of the Spanish flu, the world is suffering with another pandemic on because of the coronavirus. The virus took a toll of more than millions of lives worldwide and still continues to affect the health and socio-economic infrastructure all over the world. The study explores the epidemiology, etiology and transmission of the virus and its phylogenetic relationship with SARS and MERS coronavirus responsible for 2002 and 2012 viral outbreak. Highlights about the key features of the viral genome and essential viral proteins responsible for viral life cycle, evading host immune response, and viral immunopathology with therapeutics from “Recovery” and “Solidarity” trials, are major concern of the current review. The review culminated with a discussion on different classes of front-runners vaccines and their efficacy. An overall understanding of essential viral proteins and their role in pathogenesis, repurposed drugs and vaccine development is the rationale of the present review.

Recent trends in import and export of Rudraksha beads in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Amar Nath Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Present Article ◽  
High Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Prayer Beads ◽  
Religious Importance ◽  
Magnetic And Electrical Properties

The Rudraksha beads are traditionally used as prayer beads in Hinduism (especially Shaivism) throughout India. Apart from the religious importance, medicinal, bio-magnetic and electrical properties of the Rudraksha beads have also been reported. This commodity is in high demand from the devotees across the world. Therefore, this is in trade throughout the country and abroad. The recent trends in import and export of Rudraksha beads in India have been described in the present article, considering scant publications on this aspect.

The Globalization of Superheroes: Diffusion, Genre, and Cultural Adaptations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Hammonds
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Retributive Justice ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Cultural Imperialism ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Cultural Adaptations ◽  
Civic Values ◽  
The World ◽  
Entertainment Value ◽  
Industrial Societies

Superheroes are a global phenomenon. The superhero genre has been proliferated through modern industrial societies by way of movies, television, comics, and other forms of popular media. Although virtually every nation in the world has heroic myths, the modern superhero, as marked by the inception of recent American comics heroes in 1929, is a uniquely Western invention. Superheroes are “Western” insofar as they embody and exhibit Western civic values, such as democracy, humanism, and retributive justice. These characters have been communicatively incorporated into globalization processes by means of diffusion and thereby enact aspects of cultural imperialism. Even so, superhero figures have been in high demand across many populations for their entertainment value. As superheroes have diffused in non-Western cultures, they have not only been absorbed by new cultures but also refigured and adapted. These non-Western adaptations have had a recursive influence, such as the global popularity of Japanese manga. The recursive relationship between Western superheroes and their non-Western adaptations implies superheroes are an important aspect of cultural fusion in global popular culture.

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