Rasch development and validation of a new faces scale for measuring pain, and its comparison with a gold standard: the Balparda–Herrera Pain Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kepa Balparda ◽  
Tatiana Herrera-Chalarca ◽  
Melissa Cano-Bustamante ◽  
Tatiana Gómez-González ◽  
María Alejandra Nicholls-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Rasch Modeling ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Pain Scales ◽  
Development And Validation

Aim: Faces pain scales are widely used to measure pain. So far, no faces pain scale has ever been constructed by Rasch modeling. Hence the authors aimed to construct a new scale by this method. Methods: Rasch modeling was used to provide an initial calibration and development of the ‘Balparda–Herrera Pain Scale’ (BHPS) and this scale was compared with the existing Faces Pain Scale – Revised. The scale was later refined. Results: Both the existing scale and the initial version of the BHPS required category collapsing. Statistical tests demonstrated an excellent concordance between both scales. The final version of the BHPS was found to behave excellently and to be capable of adequately measuring pain. Conclusion: The BHPS provides an excellent instrument for measuring pain in the adult population.

scholarly journals Acute pain in cats: Recent advances in clinical assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo V Steagall ◽  
Beatriz P Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Treatment Standards ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Pain Scales ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Pain Recognition ◽  
Development And Validation

Practical relevance: Pain assessment has gained much attention in recent years as a means of improving pain management and treatment standards. It has become an elemental part of feline practice with ultimate benefit to feline health and welfare. Currently pain assessment involves mostly the investigation of sensory-discriminative (intensity, location and duration) and affective-motivational (emotional) domains of pain. Specific behaviors associated with acute pain have been identified and constitute the basis for its assessment in cats. Recent advances: The publication of pain scales with reported validation – the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale and the Glasgow feline composite measure pain scale – and species-specific studies have advanced our knowledge on the subject. Facial expressions have also been shown to be different between painful and non-painful cats, and very recently the Feline Grimace Scale has been validated as a tool for acute pain assessment. Clinical challenges: Despite recent advances, several challenges still exist. For instance, the effects of disease and sedation on pain scoring/ assessment are unknown. Also, specific painful conditions (eg, dental pain) have not been systematically investigated. The development and validation of instruments for pain assessment by cat owners is warranted, as these tools are currently lacking. Aims: This article reviews the use, advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the two validated pain scales, and presents a practical, stepwise approach to feline pain recognition and assessment using a dynamic and interactive process. The authors also offer perspectives regarding current challenges and future directions.

Measuring dynamic goals for marriage: Development and validation of the Marital Goal Scale using Rasch modeling.

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
Tianyuan Li ◽  
Vivian Hiu-Ling Tsang ◽  
Helene H. Fung ◽  
Xue-Lan Qiu ◽  
Wen-Chung Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Modeling ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals Development and validation of the Sorting non-trauMatIc adoLescent knEe pain (SMILE) tool – a development and initial validation study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Guldhammer ◽  
Sinead Holden ◽  
Marina Elmelund Sørensen ◽  
Jens Lykkegaard Olesen ◽  
Martin Bach Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Pain ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Expert Clinician ◽  
Diagnostic Flowchart ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Background Despite the commonality of adolescent knee pain, there are no tools to support medical doctors to correctly diagnose knee pain. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a support tool for diagnosing the most common types of non-traumatic adolescent knee pain. Method A systematic search on Medline identified the literature on clinical tests and diagnoses of adolescent knee pain. The search was supplemented by textbooks and transformed into a diagnostic flowchart based on onset, symptoms, and pain localisation. This tool was revised based on feedback from general practitioners and experts in sports medicine. The tool was evaluated on two separate days with blinded assessors. Overall, 27 participants (aged 10–17 years) with non-traumatic knee pain were included. All participants were diagnosed by medical doctors or medical students, without and with the use of the tool. Diagnoses were compared to a gold standard (expert clinician). An interview to inform optimisations of the tool was performed with the assessors. Percentage agreement with the gold standard, and Kappa statistic for interrater reliability were calculated. Results The final tool improved diagnostic agreement with the gold standard from 22.7% (95% CI 10.3–35.1) to 77.3% (95% CI 64.9–89.7). Inter-rater reliability increased from poor agreement k = − 0.04 (95% CI, − 0.12-0.04) to moderate agreement k = 0.56 (95% CI, 0.40–0.72). Conclusion This simple diagnostic tool is quick to use and may assist doctors in diagnosing non-traumatic knee pain in adolescents.

Animal Pain Scales in Public Policy

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_part_1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
F. Barbara Orlans
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Animal Pain ◽  
Pain Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Pain scales classify the severity of pain inflicted on laboratory animals from little or none up to severe. A pain scale as part of public policy serves beneficial purposes that promote animal welfare. It can be used to educate people about the two alternatives of refinement and replacement, and the need to reduce animal pain. Furthermore, a pain scale has practical applications: 1) in review procedures for animal welfare concerns; 2) in developing policies on the use of animals in education; and 3) as a basis for collecting national data on animal experimentation, so that meaningful data can be collected on trends in reduction and control in animal pain. So far, only a few countries (including Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada and New Zealand) have adopted pain scales as part of their public policy. Most countries, including the United States, have not yet done so. The history of the development and adoption of pain scales by various countries is described and the case is presented for wider adoption of a pain scale in countries not currently using one.

EFEKTIFITAS WILLIAM FLEXION EXERCISE TERHADAP TINGKAT NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA PERAWAT RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Maria Pujiastuti Simbolon
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Research Show

The Lower back pain is chronic pain complaints at least three months with activity limitations than caused by pain when doing the movement of mobilization Lower back pain is common musculoskeletal disorder than attacks 80% efforts of adult population. One of the made for decrease pain is William flexion exercise. Goals : The purpose of this research is to know William flexion exercise effectiveness to reducing the pain level of nurses in Santa Elisabeth hospital Medan 2014. Methods: The research method used is quasi experimental design one group (pretestpostest) design. Research conducted on 14 respondents. The analysis used in this research is paired t-test. Results: The results of research show there is an effectiveness of William flexion exercise to decrease pain scale, with William flexion exercise pre-intervention pain scale is 64,3% of moderate pain, severe pain controlled 35,7%, and post intervention score 64,3% of light pain and 35,7% of moderat pain, from the result found that Pvalue= 0,000 (P<0,05). Conclusion: Based on the result found of this study are expected to nurses, especially who having lower

scholarly journals Tswana speaking South Africans’ understanding of pain scales

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yazbek ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pressure Threshold ◽  
Pain Scales

Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the validity and reliability of the Tswanatranslations of three pain scales.Design: This was a cross–sectional study to validate and test the reliability of threepain scales.Participants:   One hundred subjects participated in the study. They were selectedfrom the back schools of five hospitals in the North -West Province of South A frica andfrom workers in these hospitals who were employed as kitchen workers, laundryworkers and cleaners.Method: Translation of the pain scales and the stages of cross-cultural adaptation were followed as recommended byBeaton et al (2000). Pain tolerance of the subjects was measured using a P.T.M. (pressure threshold meter). The painscales used were the V.A .S. (visual analogue scale) one (nought and ten only), the V.A .S. (visual analogue scale) two(nought through to ten), the W.B.F. (Wong-Baker Faces pain measure) and the V.R.S. (verbal rating scale).  The V.R.S.used came in two forms. The first form was written on cue cards which the subjects arranged in order and the second form was the questionnaire version of the V.R.S.The subjects were interviewed and asked five questions relating to their back pain. Upon completion of the interviewthe pressure threshold of the painful area (back) was tested. Subjects then filled in the three pain scales, namely the (V.A .S. one, V.A .S. two, the V.R.S. and lastly the W.B.F. pain scale). Approximately a third of the sample (37) was retested the following day following the same procedure asdescribed above. Results: There was no correlation between the pressure threshold meter readings and the pain scale measurements.  Conclusion: From the statistical analysis of the results, it became apparent that the subjects tested did not have anunderstanding of any of the three pain scales. Future research needs to be done in developing entirely different scales for peoples of low literacy and differentlanguage and cultural groups in South Africa.

scholarly journals Tradução, adaptação transcultural e validação da Escala de Exposição às Humanidades em estudantes de medicina

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Seubert Coelho Vieira ◽  
Nathália Irffi Carvalho ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Castro Toledo Júnior ◽  
Eliane Perlatto Moura
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

Abstract: Introduction: The humanities are associated with the improvement of medical students’ personal qualities. To date, there are no research instruments that quantify the exposure of medical students have to the humanities. Hence, the availability of a questionnaire with such characteristics in Brazilian Portuguese sets a precedent for the planning and implementation of educational strategies and policies addressing this topic. Objective: to translate and transculturally adapt the “HUMANITIES SCORE (LIFE EXPERIENCES + ATTITUDES) questionnaire, determine its validity and reliability, as well as identify the type of exposure to the humanities of the assessed population. Method: The original version of the questionnaire, written in English, was translated according to what is recommended by the specialized literature, with the addition of some activities in the humanities field, as per the original authors’ suggestion. The translated instrument underwent a pre-test with 31 medical students for semantic validation, followed by the application of its final version to 258 students. The exploratory and the confirmatory factorial analyses were applied to assess the instrument with its internal consistency was checked with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Result: The final questionnaire was administered to the students to verify their type of exposure to the humanities. After the statistical tests were carried out, the final version of the instrument, named “Escala de Exposição às Humanidades” (EEH), included 17 items with Likert-scale responses with five options each, and obtained a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.689. The mean score of the students’ exposure was 1.72 ± 0.37, being influenced by the period at medical school, the number of volunteer social activity experiences, the participation in religious groups, the practice of meditation, and the involvement in political activities. Variables such as female gender, engagement in previous actions related to the humanities before starting medical school and in religious ceremonies positively influenced the students’ opinion about the importance of the humanities for the medical curriculum. Conclusion: The EEH demonstrated reliability in its structure and content, allowing correlations between the students’ exposure to humanities and their opinion about the importance of human sciences in the medical curriculum. It constitutes the first instrument that aims at measuring the humanities exposure rate in Brazil; however, further studies must be carried out, to better validate the instrument.

scholarly journals Annotating Speaker Stance in Discourse: The Brexit Blog Corpus

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Simaki ◽  
Carita Paradis ◽  
Maria Skeppstedt ◽  
Magnus Sahlgren ◽  
Kostiantyn Kucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Annotation Process ◽  
Analytical Protocol ◽  
Gold Standard Corpus ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Level Of Agreement

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore the possibility of identifying speaker stance in discourse, provide an analytical resource for it and an evaluation of the level of agreement across speakers. We also explore to what extent language users agree about what kind of stances are expressed in natural language use or whether their interpretations diverge. In order to perform this task, a comprehensive cognitive-functional framework of ten stance categories was developed based on previous work on speaker stance in the literature. A corpus of opinionated texts was compiled, the Brexit Blog Corpus (BBC). An analytical protocol and interface (Active Learning and Visual Analytics) for the annotations was set up and the data were independently annotated by two annotators. The annotation procedure, the annotation agreements and the co-occurrence of more than one stance in the utterances are described and discussed. The careful, analytical annotation process has returned satisfactory inter- and intra-annotation agreement scores, resulting in a gold standard corpus, the final version of the BBC.

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