Effects of Local Anesthetics With Vasoconstrictors on Dental Pulp Blood Flow and Oxygen Tension

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-219
Author(s):  
Keikoku Tachibana ◽  
Masataka Kasahara ◽  
Nobuyuki Matsuura ◽  
Tatsuya Ichinohe

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) and pulpal oxygen tension (PpulpO2) after injecting local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors. Methods: Under general anesthesia, male Japanese White rabbits were injected with 0.6 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine (LE) or 3% propitocaine (prilocaine) with 0.03 IU felypressin (PF) at the apical area of the lower incisor. Results: Relative to baseline, PBF and PpulpO2 significantly decreased 5 minutes after LE or PF injection as compared with saline. The decrease in PBF was significantly lower in the LE group than in the PF group. Although the LE group had a larger decrease in PpulpO2 relative to baseline than the PF group did, that difference was not significant. PBF and PpulpO2 recovered to baseline faster in the PF group than in the LE group. Conclusion: The injection of local anesthetic solutions containing vasoconstrictors (LE or PF) transiently caused significant decreases in PBF that resulted in significant decreases in PpulpO2. The recovery of PpulpO2 was faster than PBF regardless of the vasoconstrictor used.

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Zerari-Mailly ◽  
Adeline Braud ◽  
Nicolas Davido ◽  
Babacar Touré ◽  
Jean Azérad ◽  
...  

1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kim ◽  
L. Edwall ◽  
H. Trowbridge ◽  
S. Chien

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Rodica Sîrbu ◽  
Emin Cadar ◽  
Cezar Laurențiu Tomescu ◽  
Cristina Luiza Erimia ◽  
Stelian Paris ◽  
...  

Local anesthetics are substances which, by local action groups on the runners, cause loss of reversible a painful sensation, delimited corresponding to the application. They allow small surgery, short in duration and the endoscopic maneuvers. May be useful in soothe teething pain of short duration and in the locking of the nervous disorders in medical care. Local anesthesia is a process useful for the carrying out of surgery and of endoscopic maneuvers, to soothe teething pain in certain conditions, for depriving the temporary structures peripheral nervous control. Reversible locking of the transmission nociceptive, the set of the vegetative and with a local anesthetic at the level of the innervations peripheral nerve, roots and runners, a trunk nervous, around the components of a ganglion or coolant is cefalorahidian practice anesthesia loco-regional. Local anesthetics summary and semi-summary have multiple applications in dentistry, consulting, surgery and obstetrics, constituting "weapons" very useful in the fight against the pain.


Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Entaz Bahar ◽  
Hyonok Yoon

The most widely used medications in dentistry are local anesthetics (LA), especially lidocaine, and the number of recorded adverse allergic responses, particularly of hazardous responses, is quite low. However, allergic reactions can range from moderate to life-threatening, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. This article serves as a review to provide information on LA, their adverse reactions, causes, and management.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Daniel Spitzer ◽  
Katharina J. Wenger ◽  
Vanessa Neef ◽  
Iris Divé ◽  
Martin A. Schaller-Paule ◽  
...  

Local anesthetics are commonly administered by nuchal infiltration to provide a temporary interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB) in a surgical setting. Although less commonly reported, local anesthetics can induce central nervous system toxicity. In this case study, we present three patients with acute central nervous system toxicity induced by local anesthetics applied during ISB with emphasis on neurological symptoms, key neuroradiological findings and functional outcome. Medical history, clinical and imaging findings, and outcome of three patients with local anesthetic-induced toxic left hemisphere syndrome during left ISB were analyzed. All patients were admitted to our neurological intensive care unit between November 2016 and September 2019. All three patients presented in poor clinical condition with impaired consciousness and left hemisphere syndrome. Electroencephalography revealed slow wave activity in the affected hemisphere of all patients. Seizure activity with progression to status epilepticus was observed in one patient. In two out of three patients, cortical FLAIR hyperintensities and restricted diffusion in the territory of the left internal carotid artery were observed in magnetic resonance imaging. Assessment of neurological severity scores revealed spontaneous partial reversibility of neurological symptoms. Local anesthetic-induced CNS toxicity during ISB can lead to severe neurological impairment and anatomically variable cerebral lesions.


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