Keadilan Distributif atas Pembagian Harta Bersama dalam Perkawinan bagi Keluarga Muslim di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Siah Khosyi’ah

The division of marital joint property after the breakup of marriage, whether dropping out of marriage due to divorce or due to death, is a new thing in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This is because the concept of mutual treasure is not known in the books of classical Islamic jurisprudence of Muslim scholars of the schools at their times, in which their work are always made as referral in the legal cases up to the present days. In Indonesia, the distribution of common property is regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Laws Articles 96 and 97, which stipulate the rules of distribution of joint property for married couples whose married are off as a result of divorce or death. Article 97 of the Compilation of Islamic Law actually provides an overview of the flexibility of the distribution of common marital property, including in certain cases because the article is regulating (regelen) rather than forcing (dwigen), so that the division is not absolutely divided equally between husband and wife, and casuistically the provisions of that article may be disregarded.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardan Syafrudin

The Common properties (community property) is an asset that the husband and wife acquired during the household lifes, which both of them is agree that after united through marriage bonds, that the property produced by one or both of them will be common property. It shows, that if there's an agreement between husband and wife before marriage (did not to unify their property), then the property produced both will not become a joint treasure. Thus, if a husband or wife dies, or divorces, then the property owned by both of them can be distributed in accordance with their respective shares, another case when the two couples are not making an agreement, then the property gained during marriage bonds can be divided into types of communal property. In Islamic law, this kind of treasure is not contained in the Qur'an or Sunnah. Nor in Islamic jurisprudence. However, Islamic law legalizes the existence of common property as long as it is applicable in a society and the benefit in the distribution of such property. In contrast to the positive law, this property types have been regulated and described in the Marriage Law, as well as the Islamic Law Compilations, which became the legal restriction in the affairs of marriage in force in Indonesia. In this study, the author tries to compile the existence of common property according to the Islamic law reviews and positive law.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Sugih Ayu Pratitis

<p>The emergence of the problem of joint property in a marriage is usually when there is a divorce between husband and wife, or when the divorce process is taking place in the Religious Court. The purpose of the study is to examine the position of joint property in marriage according to Islamic law and the provisions of the legislation and the legal consequences of divorce on marital property. The research method used is a type of normative research where research is carried out by first researching the materials that are in accordance with the problem to be studied. The result of this research is that the position of husband and wife property obtained in marriage is shared property except personal property which is under the marriage will be the personal rights of each husband or wife. While due to divorce between husband and wife, the assets obtained during marriage are divided in half for the husband and half for the wife. The method for resolving cases of sharing of shared assets at the Religious Court is if the divorce has been approved by a judge, then a husband and wife can submit a request for sharing of shared assets in accordance with applicable law. And if a divorced husband and wife do not want to carry out the distribution of shared assets, then one of the parties can submit a request for execution in the Religious Court to force those who do not want to carry out the decision in accordance with what was decided by the Religious Court.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8637-8638

The focus of this research study is Reformulation of the Position of the Treasure of Wife Search. The focus of this study is important because, in national regulations included in the compilation of Islamic law the assets obtained in marriage become common property, so that whenever there is divorce or death each gets a half share. In Law No. 1 of 1974, concerning Marriage, specifically concerning people who are Muslim, it is regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), looking at shared assets as assets produced in marriage. Here it is not questioned whoever looks for it. Marriage is seen as the composition of the Rights and Obligations of husband and wife who each have different duties from each other. In principle, the husband is obliged to seek and provide a living for his family, and the wife is obliged as a housewife, caring for children and so on. On the basis of this composition, the assets acquired in marriage become joint assets. Ironically, in the reality of life in society, many wives work for a living, so it is interesting to study different proportions in the distribution of property, for example divorce. While the law is rigid, each gets half the portion. This composition is the basis of a sense of justice, so the need for reformulation leads to a balance shifting to the wife, that is, the wife has more rights than the assets.


Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Waseem Anjum

Ijma’ means consensus in Islamic law, the universal and infallible agreement of either the Muslim community as a whole or Muslim scholars in particular. Iqbal—a great Urdu and Persian poet and Muslim scholar—urges the need of Ijma’ in Islamic jurisprudence, uṣūl al-fiqh. In this research paper, the scholar has given a detailed illustration on the importance of Ijma’, its usefulness, technical problems and definition in the light of the thoughts of Allama Iqbal.


2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesraini Mesraini

Abstract: The Concept of  Joint Assets and its Implementation in the  Religious Court. Legislation in Indonesia stipulates that any property acquired during marriage becomes joint property of husband and wife, without distinguishing who works and who registered the property. If the marriage come to an ends, either through death or divorce, the property must be divided equally. In general, this study found that a panel of judges in the religious court division decided a case of the distribution of joint property is not outside of the statutory rules. Since no agreement or reconciliation had been made   by the husband and wife in dispute about the portion of the division of their property, the judge decided that the joint property be divided in the same amount. However, if there is an agreement between husband and wife, the division of the joint property will be based on that agreement.Keywords: community property, Compilation of Islamic Law, judgment, Court of Religion.Abstrak: Konsep Harta Bersama dan Implementasinya di Pengadilan Agama. Perundang-undangan di Indonesia mengatur bahwa setiap harta yang diperoleh selama perkawinan dijadikan sebagai harta bersama suami isteri, tanpa membedakan siapa yang bekerja dan harta itu terdaftar atas nama siapa. Apabila perkawinan itu berakhir, baik karena kematian maupun karena perceraian, maka harta tersebut harus dibagi dua sama banyak nilainya. Penelitian ini menemukan data bahwa secara umum majelis hakim Pengadilan Agama dalam memutuskan perkara pembagian harta bersama tidak keluar dari aturan perundang-undangan tersebut. Selama tidak ada kesepakatan atau perdamaian yang dibuat oleh suami dan isteri yang bersengketa tentang porsi pembagian harta bersama, majelis hakim memutuskan harta bersama tersebut dibagi sama banyak. Namun, apabila terdapat kesepakatan antara suami dan isteri, pembagian harta bersama didasarkan atas kesepakatan yang mereka buat.Kata Kunci: harta bersama, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, putusan hakim, Pengadilan AgamaDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i1.980


Author(s):  
Bastiar Bastiar

In Islamic law, a marriage contract is not only a civil matter but also a very strong sacred bond that is worth of worship. Therefore, marriage must be maintained properly to realize the sakinah mawaddah wa rahmah family, but when it is in a sacred bond, there are some couples who are reluctant to fulfill their responsibilities and demand right that are not theirs so that the sakinah family will be difficult to be actualized. This study aimed to determine the understanding of husband and wife about rights and responbilities, and a significant relationship between the rights and obligations acomplishment of husband and wife in realizing a harmonious marriage or sakinah family. This research was normative-empirical legal research in the form of analytical prescriptive which was supported by primary and secondary data. Data collection was obtained through library research, documentation, interviews, and observation. Based on the research was conducted, it found the results: First, husband and wife understand that the position of wife and husband in the household are the same, but they have different rights and obligations, although on the other hand the community understands that the position of the wife in the family is under the husband, they understand it from fiqh salf which states that the wife must uphold her husband with an honor and glory. Second, the concept of Islamic marriage teaches that the rights possessed by husband and wife are balanced with the obligations burdened on them, a husband or wife has balanced obligations. Third, to build a harmonious, peace and peaceful family, they can be performed with developing the Islamic teachings, fostering the mutual respect, coaching the efficient living attitudes, and training a self-awareness from each married couples. Key Words: Fulfillment, Rights and Responbilities, Husband and Wife, Sakinah Household. Abstrak: Dalam hukum Islam akad perkawinan bukan hanya perkara perdata semata, melainkan juga ikatan suci yang sangat kokoh yang bernilai ibadah. Untuk itu perkawinan harus dipelihara dengan baik sehingga akan terwujudnya keluarga sakinah mawaddah wa rahmah, namun ketika telah berada dalam ikatan suci, ada pasangan yang enggan memenuhi kewajiban dan penuntutan hak yang diluar haknya maka keluarga sakinah sebagaimana harapan akan sulit terealisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman pasangan suami istri tentang hak dan kewajiban suami istri, dan hubungan yang signifikan antara pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban suami isteri dalam mewujudkan perkawinan yang harmonis atau perwujudan keluarga sakinah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif-empiris dalam bentuk preskriptif analitis yang didukung oleh data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan ditemukan hasil: Pertama, Suami istri memahami bahwa kedudukan istri dan suami dalam rumah tangga sama, namun memiliki hak dan kewajiban yang berbeda, meskipun disisi lain masyarakat memahami bahwa kedudukan istri dalam keluarga berada di bawah suami, hal ini mereka pahami dari pemahaman fikih salaf yang menyebutkan bahwa istri harus menjunjung tinggi suaminya dengan kehormatan dan kemuliaan. Kedua, Konsep pekawinan Islam mengajarkan bahwa hak-hak yang dimiliki oleh suami maupun isteri adalah seimbang dengan kewajiban yang dibebankan kepada mereka,seorang suami atau isteri memiliki kewajiban-kewajiban yang seimbang. Ketiga, untuk mewujufkan keluarga yang harmonis, sakinah dan penuh kedamaian dapat di lakukan dengan cara Pembinaan penghayatan ajaran agama Islam, Pembinaan sikap saling menghormati, Pembinaan sikap Hidup Efisien, dan Pembinaan sikap suka mawas diri dari masing-masing pasangan suami isteri. Kata Kunci: Pemenuhan, Hak dan Kewajiban, Suami Istri, Rumah Tangga


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDUR ROHMAN

 Dapat dideskripsikan, bahwa pelaksanan pembagian harta gono-gini dalam perkawinan poligami adalah sama dengan pembagian harta gono-gini dalam perkawinan monogami, yaitu masing-masing pasangan mendapatkan bagian sama antara suami dan para istri, sebagaimana maksud Pasal 37 Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 dan Pasal 97 Kompilasi Hukum Islam.  Ditetapkan harta bersama dalam perkara ijin poligami, adalah demi kemaslahatan dan melindungi Harta bersama Pemohon dan Termohon, agar istri yang  baru tidak mengklaim harta bersama tersebut dengan menerapkan 3 pilar tujuan hukum yaitu keadilan, kemanfaatan dan kepastian hukumKata kunci: kepastian hukum, poligami, perkawianan It can be described, that the distribution of the gono-gini assets in the polygamy marriage is the same as the distribution of the gono-gini assets in a monogamous marriage, where each pair gets an equal share between husband and wife, as intended in Article 37 of Law Number 1 of 1974 and Article 97 Compilation of Islamic Law. Determined joint property in the case of a polygamy permit, is for the benefit and protection of Assets with the Petitioner and Respondent, so that the new wife does not claim the joint property by applying the 3 pillars of legal objectives namely justice, expediency and legal certainty Keywords: legal certainty, polygamy, marriage 


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-398
Author(s):  
Lita Mardani Siregar

One of the principles in national marriage law that is in line with religious teachings is to make divorce difficult (divorce), because divorce means the failure of the purpose of marriage to form a happy and eternal family due to human actions. The problem in this reshearch is how is the regulation of the implementation of divorce in the Religious Court, what is the effect of the divorce law on the grounds of lesbian behavior of a wife, how is the consideration of the judge in the Ambon Religious Court decisionNumber 110 / Pdt.G / 2016 / PA Ab. As a result of divorce law on the grounds that the lesbian behavior of a wife is related to child custody. The legal effect on marital property is that joint property is divided according to the provisions of the respective laws, laws, religion and customary law, while the inheritance remains controlled by each of the wives and divorced husbands. With regard to debt due to termination of marriage due to divorce borne by both parties with conditions that must be met where the rights and obligations of husband and wife are balanced in their authority to carry out legal actions. Judge's consideration in the decision of the Ambon Religious Court Number 110 / Pdt.G / 2016 / PA Ab in the case of sexual disorders (lesbians) immediately considers that this is in accordance with the provisions in Article 39 paragraph 2 of Law Number 1 of 1974 along with the explanation in letter e and letter f juncto Article 19 letter f Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975, Article 116 letter e and letter f Inpres No. 1 of 1991 concerning the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI).


Author(s):  
Mek Wok Mahmud

Registration of marriages is one of the debatable issues among contemporary Muslim scholars. Considering the fact that it was not implemented during the Prophet’s (s.a.w) time, many scholars discuss the validity of its practice as one of Shari‘ah requirements to recognize a marriage contract. There is a need  to critically analyze the opinions of contemporary Muslim scholars on the registration of marriage as a requirement for a marriage contract to be recognized and officially authenticated, as currently practiced in many Muslim countries. Adequate attention is needed to be paid to the issue of the Sharī‘ah status of marriage registration, as it has no basis among the Sharī‘ah requirements for a valid marriage contract. This paper takes into consideration ten principles of Islamic jurisprudence such as al-Qiyās, Sadd al-Dharā’i‘, al-IstiÍsān, Maqāsid al-sharī‘ah and as-Siyāsah al-Shar‘iyyah to prove that the registration of marriage cannot be regarded as alien to Islamic law.


Author(s):  
عارف علي عارف (Arif Ali Arif) ◽  
رزكار سليمان مولود (Mulud Sulaiman)

الملخّصتعدد الزوجات مباح في الإسلام مع قيود في ذلك، ولكن تطبيقاته تشهد تنوعًا من مجتمع إلى آخر، وكردستان العراق لديهم قانون تقييد تعدد الزوجات. وقد جعل تعدد الزوجات مطيّة لنقد الإسلام وتسديد ضربات له من أجل تشويه الفقه الإسلامي. فكانت هناك حاجة للنظر الموضوعي في هذه المسألة في ضوء الفقه الإسلامي وأصوله. يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل الآرء الفقهيّة لعلماء المسلمين في تقييد تعدد الزوجات من أجل الوصول إلى مقترحات مناسبة مراعيا في ذلك الواقع الاجتماعي في إقليم كردستان العراقي. الكلمات المفتاحية: تعدد الزوجات، قانون تقييد التعدد، إقليم كردستان، القواعد الفقهية. ************************************AbstractPolygamy is allowed with definite restrictions in Islam but its practical manifestation varies from region to region. Iraqi Kurdistan has its own system of polygamy restriction. It has consequently provided for critics of Islam a shot in the arm to discredit Islamic law. There is a need to look at the issue objectively in the light of Islamic jurisprudence. This paper seeks to analyse jurisprudential views of Muslim scholars on the polygamy restriction with a view to coming up with appropriate suggestions keeping in view social realities in Kurdistan region of IraqKeywords: Polygamy, Law of Restriction, Kurdistan Region, Juristic Maxims.


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