scholarly journals Household food insecurity is associated with child’s dietary diversity score among primary school children in two districts in Ghana

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Antwi ◽  
Esi Quaidoo ◽  
Agartha Ohemeng ◽  
Boateng Bannerman
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Household Food

Background: Dietary diversity is generally considered as a good indicator of nutrient adequacy and is influenced by various factors at the national, household, and individual levels. Objective: The present study sought to determine the relationships between household food insecurity, primary caregivers’ nutrition knowledge, and dietary diversity of school-aged children in Ghana. Methods: This forms part of a longitudinal study conducted in the Ayawaso West Municipal district in Accra (urban setting) and the Upper Manya Krobo district (rural setting) in Ghana. Data were collected from a total of 116 caregiver-child dyads using 24-h dietary recall and a short version of the US 12-month Household Food Security Survey Module. Nutrition knowledge and sociodemographic data were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to check for factors associated with children’s dietary diversity. Results: Majority of households reported food insecurity, with a higher percentage of insecure households located in the rural area (88.9% vs. 46.5%, P ≤ 0.0001), compared to the urban setting. Diet diversity among the study children was low, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 5.8 (2.1) out of 14 food groups. Children living in food insecure households were three times more likely to have received low diverse diet compared to those from food secure households (adjusted odds ratio [OR] =3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–8.0). Caregivers’ nutrition knowledge was, however, not related to children’s dietary diversity. Discussion and conclusion: Household food insecurity was a main predictor of dietary diversity among school-age children in this study. Thus, caregiver knowledge in nutrition may not be enough, particularly in the presence of food insecurity to guarantee adequate nutrition for school-aged children.

scholarly journals Rural and Urban Differences in Household Food Insecurity and Diet Diversity of Preschool Children (PSC) in Occidental Mindoro

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Leonard G. Dela Luna ◽  
Ernani R. Bullecer
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Rural And Urban

Objective. Rural and urban differences affect food availability, accessibility, and sustainability; thus, it has a greatimpact on household food security and dietary diversity. The relationship between the human environment andother factors threatens different domains of food systems resulting in food security. The objective of this study isto determine significant differences between the prevalence of household food security and diet diversity betweenurban and rural communities in Occidental Mindoro. Specifically, to determine the pattern of usual food intake ofpreschool children between rural and urban communities Methods. This study utilized a comparative, cross-sectional, analytic study design in order to determine theprevalence of each variable of interest in the two study areas. Radimer-Cornell Tool was utilized to assess the foodsecurity status of the household while the FAO-Dietary Diversity Score Questionnaire was used to the diversityof diet among PSC. A total of 480 (rural: n=240; urban: n=240) preschool children were recruited to participatein this study. Ratio and proportion using the point and interval estimate were used to determine the prevalencein different areas, meanwhile, chi-square of homogeneity was used to determine significant difference in the twoareas under study. Results. Food insecurity in rural communities was found to be at 56.25% (95% CI: 49.97% to 62.53%) while theprevalence in urban communities was 45.83% (95% CI: 39.53% to 52.14%). There was a significant differencein the prevalence of household food insecurity between rural and urban communities (p=0.0224). Meanwhile,the prevalence of less dietary diversity among preschool children in rural communities was 37.08% (95%: 30.97%to 43.19%) and 26.25% (CI: 20.68% to 31.82%) for urban communities. There was a significant differencein prevalence of low dietary diversity score among preschool children between rural and urban communities(p=0.0107). Conclusion. There were significant differences in terms of household food insecurity and less diverse dietbetween two community settings. Higher prevalence in rural areas signifies that there is a need to prioritize thesevulnerable communities in terms of hunger mitigation and nutrition programs. A combination of milk-rice-meat-fishwas observed in the diet of preschool children for both communities however, higher prevalence of less dietarydiversity was detected among rural communities.

scholarly journals Household Food Insecurity and Psychosocial Dysfunction in Ecuadorian Elementary Schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Margaret Weigel ◽  
Rodrigo X. Armijos
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Psychosocial Dysfunction ◽  
Household Food

Household food insecurity (HFI) is a major global public health and pediatric concern due to its reported association with adverse child nutrition, growth, and health outcomes. Psychosocial dysfunction is a major cause of childhood disability. US and Canadian studies have linked HFI to poorer overall psychosocial dysfunction and specific dysfunction types in school-aged children, i.e., internalizing, externalizing, and attention behaviors. However, it is uncertain whether prior findings are generalizable to low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the association of HFI with psychosocial dysfunction in 6-12-year-old public elementary schoolchildren (n=279) residing in low-income neighborhoods in Quito, Ecuador. Maternal caregivers were interviewed to obtain data on child psychosocial dysfunction (Pediatric Symptom Checklist, PSC), food security (Household Food Security Survey Module), and maternal mental health (SF-36 Mental Composite Summary). Capillary blood samples were obtained from child participants to measure hemoglobin levels. The data were analyzed using general linear models with adjustment for covariates. The results revealed that HFI was associated with significantly higher overall average PSC scores (p=0.002) and with internalizing (p=0.001) and externalizing (p=0.03) but not attention subscale scores. However, anemia was independently associated with PSC attention subscale scores (p=0.015). This is the first study to report on the relationship between HFI and psychosocial dysfunction in school-aged children in a LMIC setting. It highlights the importance of improving policies and programs protecting vulnerable households from HFI. In addition to improving health and nutrition, such improvements could potentially reduce the burden of child psychosocial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Maternal Social Support Is Associated with Child Complementary Feeding, and Household Food Security in the Vakinankaratra Region, Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 855-855
Author(s):  
Joel Komakech ◽  
Hasina Rakotomanana ◽  
Christine Walters ◽  
Deana Hildebrand ◽  
Barbara Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Maternal Social Support

Abstract Objectives There is limited research on the associations between maternal social support and household food security and child feeding practices in Madagascar. Our study examined the association between maternal social support, household food security, and feeding practices among mothers of children 6 - 24 months in the Vakinankaratra region, Madagascar. Methods This cross-sectional study included 344 mother-child dyads. The Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Index was used for maternal social support scores. A mean score of >4 was considered optimal social support with ≤2 as none or little support. Food insecurity scores were determined using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Complementary feeding practices were assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) IYCF guidelines. Logistic and linear regression models tested the association between social support, complementary feeding practices, and household food insecurity. The models were adjusted for household, maternal and child confounders. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results Almost half of the mothers (49.1%) were supported by their spouses, although only 37.8% of mothers had optimal social support. Less than half of infants (36.34%) met minimum dietary diversity (≥4 of 7 food groups). Mothers with optimal social support had lower household food insecurity (b = −0.85, P = 0.016, R,2 = 0.10) in the adjusted models. Furthermore, children of mothers with higher social support were more likely to meet minimum dietary diversity scores (AOR = 2.36 [1.21–4.56], P = 0.021) and to achieve the minimum adequate diet (AOR = 2.32 [1.17–4.61], P = 0.018). Although maternal social support was significantly associated with child minimum meal frequency in the bivariate analysis, it became nonsignificant in the final adjusted model (AOR = 1.70 [0.93–3.11], P = 0.387). Conclusions Increased maternal social support was significantly associated with household food security, child dietary diversity, and diet adequacy. Integrating parental peer support in nutrition interventions may be effective in improving food security, and child feeding practices in the Vakinankaratra region of Madagascar. Funding Sources This study was funded by Oklahoma State University.

scholarly journals A Food Insecurity Systematic Review: Experience from Malaysia

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
Norhasmah Sulaiman ◽  
Heather Yeatman ◽  
Joanna Russell ◽  
Leh Shii Law
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Welfare Recipient ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food

Living free from hunger is a basic human right. However, some communities still experience household food insecurity. This systematic literature review explored different aspects of household food insecurity in Malaysia including vulnerable groups, prevalence, risk factors, coping strategies, and the consequences of food insecurity. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Thirty-three relevant articles were selected from scientific databases such as CINAHL, Pubmed and Google Scholar, scrutiny of reference lists, and personal communication with experts in the field. The prevalence of household food insecurity in Malaysia was unexpectedly reported as high, with affected groups including Orang Asli, low-income household/welfare-recipient households, university students, and the elderly. Demographic risk factors and socioeconomic characteristics included larger household, living in poverty, and low education. Coping strategies were practices to increase the accessibility of food in their households. Consequences of household food insecurity included psychological, dietary (macro- and micronutrient intakes), nutritional status, and health impacts. In conclusion, this review confirmed that household food insecurity in Malaysia continues to exist. Nevertheless, extensive and active investigations are encouraged to obtain a more holistic and comprehensive picture pertaining to household food security in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Preparing for COVID-19: Household food insecurity and vulnerability to shocks in Nairobi, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259139
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Opiyo Onyango ◽  
Jonathan Crush ◽  
Samuel Owuor
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Household Food ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Social Safety Nets

An understanding of the types of shocks that disrupt and negatively impact urban household food security is of critical importance to develop relevant and targeted food security emergency preparedness policies and responses, a fact magnified by the current COVID-19 pandemic. This gap is addressed by the current study which draws from the Hungry Cities Partnership (HCP) city-wide household food insecurity survey of Nairobi city in Kenya. It uses both descriptive statistics and multilevel modelling using General Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) to examine the relationship between household food security and 16 different shocks experienced in the six months prior to the administration of the survey. The findings showed that only 29% of surveyed households were completely food secure. Of those experiencing some level of food insecurity, more experienced economic (55%) than sociopolitical (16%) and biophysical (10%) shocks. Economic shocks such as food price increases, loss of employment, and reduced income were all associated with increased food insecurity. Coupled with the lack of functioning social safety nets in Nairobi, households experiencing shocks and emergencies experience serious food insecurity and related health effects. In this context, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have a major negative economic impact on many vulnerable urban households. As such, there is need for new policies on urban food emergencies with a clear emergency preparedness plan for responding to major economic and other shocks that target the most vulnerable.

scholarly journals Association between Household Food Insecurity and Asthma in Korean Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo-Hee Park ◽  
Byung-Jin Park ◽  
Dong-Hyuk Jung ◽  
Yu-Jin Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Household Food

Household food insecurity has been associated with noncommunicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between household food insecurity and asthma in Korean adults. Household food security statuses were classified into three groups: Food-secure household, food-insecure household without hunger, and food-insecure household with hunger. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the presence of asthma according to household food security status were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding factors. A total of 14,770 participants were included in the analysis. The prevalence of asthma was 2.6% in those with a secure food status, 3.2% in those with an insecure food status without hunger, and 7.6% in those with an insecure food status with hunger (p < 0.001). Compared with that in participants with a household food secure status, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for asthma were 1.12 (0.73–1.73) in those with a food-insecure household without hunger status and 2.44 (1.33–4.46) in those with a food-insecure household with hunger status after additionally adjusting for confounding factors. We found that household food insecurity with hunger was significantly associated with asthma prevalence in Korean adults. Implementation of household food security screening and public health intervention could be helpful to prevent and reduce asthma in adults.

scholarly journals Agricultural Food Production Diversity and Dietary Diversity among Female Small Holder Farmers in a Region of the Ecuadorian Andes Experiencing Nutrition Transition

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2454
Author(s):  
Christopher L Melby ◽  
Fadya Orozco ◽  
Jenni Averett ◽  
Fabián Muñoz ◽  
Maria José Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Production Diversity ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Agricultural Food

Some rural areas of Ecuador, including the Imbabura Province of the Andes Highlands, are experiencing a double burden of malnutrition where micronutrient deficiencies persist at the same time obesity is increasing as many traditional home-grown foods are being replaced with more commercially prepared convenience foods. Thus, the relationships among agricultural food production diversity (FPD), dietary diversity (DD), and household food insecurity (HFI) of the rural small holder farmers need further study. Therefore, we examined these associations in small holder farmers residing in this Province in the Andes Highlands (elevation > 2500 m). Non-pregnant maternal home managers (n = 558, x age = 44.1, SD = 16.5 y) were interviewed regarding the number of different agricultural food crops cultivated and domestic animals raised in their family farm plots. DD was determined using the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women Score (MDD-W) based on the number of 10 different food groups consumed, and household food insecurity (HFI) was determined using the 8-item Household Food Insecurity Experience Scale. The women reported consuming an average of 53% of their total food from what they cultivated or raised. Women with higher DD [MMD-W score ≥ 5 food groups (79% of total sample)] were on farms that cultivated a greater variety of crops (x = 8.7 vs. 6.7), raised more animals (x = 17.9 vs. 12.7, p < 0.05), and reported lower HFI and significantly higher intakes of energy, protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin A (all p < 0.05). Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that FPD was only modestly related to DD, which together with years of education, per capita family income, and HFI accounted for 26% of DD variance. In rural areas of the Imbabura Province, small holder farmers still rely heavily on consumption of self-cultivated foods, but greater diversity of crops grown in family farm plots is only weakly associated with greater DD and lower HFI among the female caretakers.

scholarly journals Influence of sociodemographic characteristics on different dimensions of household food insecurity in Montevideo, Uruguay

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máximo Rossi ◽  
Zuleika Ferre ◽  
María Rosa Curutchet ◽  
Ana Giménez ◽  
Gastón Ares
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the factor structure of the Latin American & Caribbean Household Food Security Scale (ELCSA) and to study the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on each of the identified dimensions in Montevideo, Uruguay.DesignCross-sectional survey with a representative sample of urban households. Household food insecurity was measured using the ELCSA. The percentage of respondents who gave affirmative responses for each of the items of the ELCSA was determined. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out to determine the ELCSA’s factor structure. A probit model was used to determine the impact of some individual and household sociodemographic characteristics on the identified dimensions of food insecurity.SettingMetropolitan area centred on Montevideo, the capital city of Uruguay, April–September 2014.SubjectsAdults aged between 18 and 93 years (n 742).ResultsThe percentage of affirmative responses to the items of the ELCSA ranged from 4·4 to 31·7 %. Two factors were identified in the exploratory factor analysis performed on data from households without children under 18 years old, whereas three factors were identified for households with children. The identified factors were associated with different severity levels of food insecurity. Likelihood of experiencing different levels of food insecurity was affected by individual characteristics of the respondent as well as characteristics of the household.ConclusionsThe influence of sociodemographic variables varied among the ELCSA dimensions. Household income had the largest influence on all dimensions, which indicates a strong relationship between income and food insecurity.

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