scholarly journals Quality of Education in Independent and Franchise Private Secondary Schools in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munawar Sultana Mirza ◽  
Nazia Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Independent Schools ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Head Teachers ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Large Spread ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Pakistan has a variety of privately managed schools. Inspired by thecorporate model the large school systems offer franchise to the smallschools in the name of better quality education leading to better marketacceptability. This study was conducted to find out the difference in thequality of education provided by the franchise and independent privatesecondary schools. Ten schools of a renowned large spread schoolsystem were selected conveniently and ten independent schools wereselected from the same localities for ensuring similarity of the context.Quality of education was define dalong input, process and product/outputindicators. Opinion of Head Teachers (HTs)/ School principals wasgathered through a questionnaire consisting five point rating scale oninput and process indicators. Opinion of HTs about input indicators wasvalidated through direct observation of the input indicators in the schoolsby one of the researchers. Students’ achievement scores in thematriculation examination conducted by the Board of Intermediate andSecondary Education, Lahore were the indicator of quality output. TheHTs of the two types of schools perceived no significant difference in thequality of input and process at their schools but the independent schoolsscoring slightly better on each of the two indicators. However, theindependent private schools were significantly superior to the franchiseschools in quality of output in terms of students’ pass percentage anddistribution over grades. Thus, the claim of franchising for better qualityeducation was not supported by this research.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE PRACTICES OF SUPERVISION AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEVEL IN PUNJAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakht Jamal, Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi, Muhammad Munir kayani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
School Level ◽  
Head Teachers ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Teaching Learning

Supervision is one of the important factors for school improvement and ensuring quality education. It makes the teaching-learning environment effective and helps us to achieve the educational objectives. The current research study was designed to explore analyze the practices of supervision at elementary schools’ level in Punjab. The population of the study was 166 elementary schools and 64 supervisors. The sample respondents of the study were 50 head teachers and 16 supervisors of elementary schools’ public sector in the District. The researcher adopted a convenience sampling technique for the collection of data. The tool for the collection of data were two self-developed questionnaires on a five-point rating scale, one for head teachers and the second one for supervisors having forty-two (42) statements with eleven aspects regarding (1) objectives, (2) cooperation, (3) cleanliness, (4) quality of education, (5) motivation, (6) facilities, (7) attendance, (8) budget, (9) feedback, (10) problems and (11) universal primary education. The validity of the research instrument was properly ensured through experts’ opinions and pilot testing. The reliability of the instruments was ensured by applying the Cronbach Alpha. The value of the reliability for supervisors was found 0.939 and the reliability value for the head teachers was measured at 0.932. The data collected from respondents were subsequently organized properly. The collected data was accurately analyzed, tabulated, presented and interpreted. Descriptive statistics were applied and data was presented in the mean score, frequency and standard deviation and interpreted accordingly. The data was presented in the form of tables. It was concluded that the supervisors are discharging their professional responsibilities with the spirit to promote quality education, promote a healthy and child-friendly environment in schools and head teacher are keen on conveying the instructions from the supervisors to the teachers.

scholarly journals COMPARISON AND ASSESSMENT OF THE SETTING ZONE CHOICES BY ELITE MALE AND FEMALE VOLLEYBALL SETTERS IN RELATION TO THE QUALITY OF DEFENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 057
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Sotiropoulos ◽  
Karolina Barzouka ◽  
Stavroula Tsavdaroglou ◽  
Grigoris Malousaris
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Independence Test ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study was the assessment and comparison of the setting zone choices by male and female elite setters, in relation to the quality of the defensive actions which were carried out in Complex II (KII) and III (KIII). A three-member group of coaches assessed the actions of male (M) and female (F) setters and defenders from 20 volleyball games (M=10, F=10) of National Teams competing in the final phase of the World League 2017. The assessment was based on a 5-point rating scale and included actions that composed a set of 2 contacts in KII and KIII. The test of independence for the variables (“setting zones”, “defense quality”) was carried out using Fisher’s exact test. Following the overall independence test we tested the difference in proportions between genders for each level of the “setting zone” variable. Results showed that in KII the differences in proportions between genders for each level of the “setting zone” variable were found for zone 4 in favor of the male and zones 2 and 6 in favor of the female players. In KIII and under excellent defensive actions the difference in proportions between genders was found in zones 1 and 6 in favor of the males. In conclusion, under suboptimal and optimal conditions, male setters set the ball to zones 4, 6 and 1 more frequently than females, incorporating them into their offensive strategy, while the latter under good conditions preferred setting to zones 2 and 6.

Effectiveness of duloxetine on severity of pain and quality of life in chronic low back pain in patients who had posterior spinal fixation

2021 ◽  
pp. 221049172098333
Author(s):  
Arezoo Samadi ◽  
Razieh Salehian ◽  
Danial Kiani ◽  
Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Spinal Fixation ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety

Background: In this study, we want to search the effectiveness of Duloxetine on the severity of pain and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain who had posterior spinal fixation. Methods: In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial done in 6 months 50 patients who had CLBP and were candidates for PSF surgery selected and divided into two groups (drug and placebo). They filled the VAS, SF-36, and Hamilton questionnaires before surgery and after 6 weeks from using 30 mg of duloxetine or placebo. Results: Significant differences were evidenced among groups for the Visual Analogue Scale (P = 0.005) and Verbal Analogue Scale (p = 0.003). Patients in the Duloxetine group have more visual and verbal pain scores than the placebo group. In the quality of life, there was a significant difference between the two groups before the intervention. Also, significant differences were evidenced among groups for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (p = 0.17). After the intervention, only the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (p = 0.001) and ‘bodily pain’ and ‘general health’ subscales of quality of life (p = 0.008, 0.004, respectively) have a significant difference between the two groups. There was a significant difference between pre and post-intervention in the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale only in the duloxetine group. Also, in terms of quality of life, the subscales of ‘physical role’, ‘emotional role’, ‘physical pain’ and ‘total score of quality of life’ in the duloxetine and placebo groups were significantly different between pre and post-intervention. However, the subscales of ‘physical function’ and ‘general health’ were significantly different only in the duloxetine group between pre and post-intervention. Conclusion: The results suggest that the use of duloxetine in patients who had spinal surgery can help to better control back pain, on the other hand, it can cause a better psychological condition that affects the quality of life.

Students’ satisfaction with hostel accommodations in higher education institutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Emmanuel Oke ◽  
Clinton Ohis Aigbavboa ◽  
Marcia M. Raphiri
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Item Score ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Higher Institutions ◽  
Students Satisfaction

Purpose There are several types of accommodation available to students of higher education institutions, and it is the responsibility of the institutions to focus on factors that can attract and retain students to their residences. This study aims to investigate satisfaction of higher institutions students with on-campus accommodation with an emphasis on the ethnicity of the students. Design/methodology/approach Using convenience sampling method, questionnaires were administered to students of selected residences in the study area. Mean item score was used to rank identified factors, whereas mean gap and Kruskal–Wallis K-test were adopted to examine the difference in opinion of students from various ethnic groups. Findings Overall, major features that make students dissatisfied with university-owned accommodations are enforcement of rule that compels all students to move out with their belongings during each recess, the effectiveness of the lift system, the size of wardrobe and closet, laundry service in the residence, numbers of electrical sockets and window quality. Considering dwelling unit features, neighbourhood, environmental, building quality and services provided by residence management, this study reveals that there is a significant difference in the satisfaction of students of diverse ethnic groups with their accommodation. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to on-campus residences owned by higher education institutions in South Africa. However, the findings of the study can be adopted for off-campus residences, and such owned by private individuals, agencies and other bodies provided are approved by the institutions. Originality/value The findings of this study will help management of higher education institutions to improve quality of services in their residences for the satisfaction of their students. Developers, contractors and other stakeholders involved in construction of these residences will also find the findings useful in designing and construction of the facilities.

scholarly journals Association of Blood and Urine Parameter Value Change With the Amount of Consumed Water Regime and Sample Sampling in Healthy Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana M Jovicic
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Freezing Point Depression ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urine Biomarker ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Understanding the effect of pre-analytical factors is important for data quality of bio-specimens and health status. The study examines the effect of 9-days fluid intake and 2-time sampling on concentration changes of 7-Urine and 17-Blood variables. Material and Method: SPSS software v23.0 applies to data processing. The group of 23 healthy subjects divide based on water intake and gender. Results: A statistically significant difference(p<0.01) between 1st/2nd sampling is confirmed for Freezing point depression, Sodium, Potassium, Creatinine Urea and Urate in Urine and Urea, Urate, Glucose, Hematocrit, Thrombocyte in Blood. The difference between water intake after 1st sampling is confirmed (p<0.01) for Freezing point depression, Sodium, Urate and(p<0.05) for Potassium(p<0.05), Chloride(p<0.05), Creatinine(p<0.05), Urate, Urea in Urine and Potassium(p<0.01) and Chloride(p<0.05) in Blood. Difference between gender exists for Urea(p<0.05) in Urine after 2nd sampling and Urate(P<0.01), Glucose(p<0.01/0.05), Ht(p<0.01/0.05) after 1st and 2nd sampling and MCHC(p<0.01) after 2nd sampling in Blood samples.Conclusion: Water intake increases blood and urine biomarker range after sampling.

scholarly journals A Rasch-Based Validation of ELT Certificate-LORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Xin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Efl Teacher ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group Interviews

The present study was executed with the purpose of validating ELT Certificate Lesson Observation and Report Task (ELTC-LORT), which was developed by China Language Assessment to certify China’s EFL teachers by performance-based testing. The ELT Certificate has high-stakes considering its impacts on candidates’ recruitment, ELT in China and quality of education, so it is crucially important for its validation so as to guarantee fairness and justice. The validity of task construct and rating rubric went through a process suited for many-facet Rasch measurement supplemented with qualitative interviews. Participants (N = 40) were provided with a video excerpt from a real EFL lesson, and required to deliver a report on the teacher’s performance. Two raters graded the records of the candidates’ reports using rating scales developed to measure EFL teacher candidates’ oral English proficiency and ability to analyze and evaluate teaching. Many-facet Rasch analysis demonstrated a successful estimation, with a noticeable spread among the participants and their traits, proving the task functioned well in measuring candidates’ performance and reflecting the difference of their ability. The raters were found to have good internal self-consistency, but not the same leniency. The rating scales worked well, with the average measures advancing largely in line with Rasch expectations. Semi-structured interviews as well as focus group interviews were executed to provide knowledge regarding the raters’ performance levels and the functionalities of the rating scale items. The findings provide implications for further research and practice of the Certificate.

scholarly journals Difficulties while Conducting Research in Academia: Taking M.Phil Students’ Perspectives in Public and Private Universities

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Dr. Ghazal Khalid Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Zulfiqar ◽  
Dr. Mubushra Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Thesis Work

The thesis work has been the integral part of the MPhil in Education program. However, it has been observed that students are in a great fix regarding the completion of their thesis work. So, the purpose was to investigate the difficulties encountered by the students during research at MPhil level. Their experiences were further examined on the basis of their gender and university type. The data was collected by the survey. The conveniently selected sample consisted of 300 MPhil students including male and female, studying in public as well as in private universities. The data was collected through a questionnaire which was a 4-point Rating Scale comprising 25 items. It has 3 factors: i) supervisor’ selection, ii) supervisors’ support, iii) institutional support. The descriptive statistics for calculating the percentage of students’ perspectives as well as Inferential Statistics (Mann-Whitney U tests) was used to find out the difference on the basis of students’ gender and university type. The results revealed that majority of students selected their supervisors themselves willingly, but few of them forced to select their supervisor on their teachers’ referrals, research topics were allotted to students by supervisors themselves. Their supervisors were not easily approachable as they were unable to give students the due time because of their academic and administrative burdensome responsibilities, even neither the concerned HOD/ director is available at ease for students nor they are provided the access to paid e-libraries. By keeping in mind, the importance of thesis in accomplishment of degrees of MPhil students, there is need to conduct further studies to explore supervisors’ point of view as some of the problems are concerned with the supervisors’ support too, that will help to minimize the students’ problems.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS PRODUK DAN MINAT MENABUNG PADA LPD DESA ADAT TAJUN DENGAN DESA ADAT TEGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Eka Swarnadi Luh ◽  
Ketut Budi Susrusa ◽  
Ida Ayu Listia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

LPDs are non-bank financial institutions that are regulated and approved by the Regional Regulations of the Province of Bali. The management of LPD is fully handed over to the relevant Pakraman village. In line with the rapid development of LPDs, it turns out that on the other hand it shows diverse performance, so that LPDs need to pay attention to the level of product quality and customer interest in the products offered.            The purpose of the study was to determine the comparison of product quality and interest in saving at the Tajun Traditional Village LPD with the Traditional Village of Tegal. The number of samples from Tajun Adat Village LPD was 98 people and the LPD of Tegal Traditional Village was 84 people. The research data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the quality of the products of the Adat Village of Tajun LPD and the Traditional Village of Tegal. This difference is indicated by indicators of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The product quality of Tajun Adat Village's LPD is better than the traditional village of Tegal. There is a significant difference between the interest in saving the traditional village of Tajun LPD and the traditional village of Tegal. The difference is in the indicator of confidence. Interest in Saving Tajun Indigenous Village LPD is higher than the Traditional Village of Tegal.

scholarly journals Wear Comparison of a Plain Toothbrush versus Eleven Commercial Toothbrushes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Fansiwala BS
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Manual Toothbrush ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Subjective Rating Scale ◽  
Wear Index

Objective: To compare the wear of the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain Toothbrush 47 tuft (flat bristles) versus eleven manual toothbrushes. Methods: Twelve brand-new manual toothbrushes (n = 35 in each group) were used for comparison. Each toothbrush was run on a toothbrushing simulator with a brushing force of 2N for approximately 2 hours to simulate 1 month of toothbrushing (9,333 strokes @ 45° lingual of posterior teeth, 9,333 strokes on the top surface, and 9,333 strokes @ 45° buccal of posterior teeth), using the Bass technique on a quadrant typodont. Wear was measured by wear index and wear rating. The Wear index measures the degree of bristle splaying whereby the bristles spread apart and take on a permanent curvature. Wear rating is a subjective rating scale consisting of a series of four numbers increasing from zero to three. The Olympus SZX16 microscope was used to measure the wear rating then was inputted into a formula and averaged. The subjective wear seen as bristle splay/ curling was also measured and recorded. Comparison of the wear index and wear rating between each manual toothbrush was conducted using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Wear index and wear rating for all toothbrushes ranged from 0.03 to 0.34 and from 0.57 to 2.06, respectively. There was a significant difference in the wear index between each toothbrush and the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain toothbrush. The difference in the wear rating was significant between the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain toothbrush and all other toothbrushes other than the Reach Advanced Design Soft toothbrush. Conclusion: The Sound Feelings SOFT Plain Toothbrush had the lowest wear rating and index among all the manual toothbrushes tested.

The effect of continuous care model-based intervention on the quality of sleep in menopausal women: A clinical trial study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh AKBARI ◽  
sousan Heydarpour ◽  
Nader Salari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Continuous Care ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Abstract BACKGROUND Sleep disorder, brings in many physical, behavioral, and mental problems. Applying continuous care model leads to proper recognition of the patient’s problems and involves the patient in solving health problems. This study aimed to determine the effect of continuous care model on the quality of sleep in menopausal women. METHODS AND MATERIALS A random clinical trial study was carried out with participation of 110 menopausal women visiting Kermanshah-based clinics (the west of Iran) in 2017. The participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n=55) and control (n=55) groups. The control group received the routine cares and in addition to the routine cares the intervention group attended four weekly group consultation sessions (60-90min). The quality of sleep in the two groups was assessed using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. Data analyses were done using independent t-test, ANOVA with frequent measures, Friedman’s test, Wilcoxon’s post hoc test, and X2 test in SPSS (24). RESULTS The mean scores of quality of sleep before and after the intervention were significantly different in the intervention group (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of quality of sleep before (p=0.140) and immediately after the intervention (p=0.168). However, one month after, the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Implementation of the continuous care model led to an improvement of quality of sleep in the menopausal women.

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