scholarly journals Putting a price on tenure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Marzagão
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Employee Benefit ◽  
Government Employee ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Government Workers

Government employees in Brazil are granted tenure after three years on the job. Firing a tenured government employee is all but impossible, so tenure is a big employee benefit. But exactly how big is it? In other words: how much money is tenure worth to a government employee in Brazil? No one has ever attempted to answer that question. I do that in this paper. I use a modified version of the Sharpe ratio to estimate what the risk-adjusted salaries of government workers should be. The difference between actual salary and risk-adjusted salary gives us an estimate of how much tenure is worth to each employee. I find that in the 2005-2019 period the monthly value of tenure was R$ 3980 to the median federal government employee, R$ 1971 to the median state government employee, and R$ 500 to the median municipal government employee.

Motivations of Federal Workers to Volunteer In Public Sector Special Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Keon Artis ◽  
Seung Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Event Management ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Special Event ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Government Workers

Volunteers are considered a core component of special events and they have proved to be an asset to the execution of special events. Although motivations of volunteers have received a great deal of attention from many organizations and individuals in the private sector, little research has been done on motivations of volunteers in the public sector, or within the federal government. Therefore, this article identified motivational factors that prompt federal government workers to volunteer at a government-related special event. A survey was used to gather data from a volunteer sample of 263 individuals who had volunteered for public sector special events in recent years. Exploratory factor analysis and t test were employed to establish motivations that stimulate public sector employees to volunteer for special events and further determine the differences in motivation between females and males. The results showed that government workers mostly volunteer for purposive motive and external motive. In addition, gender played significant roles on egotistic and purposive motives. Thus, this research provides a unique theoretical contribution to research in event management by advancing our understanding of the process by which factors associated with motivation can lead to federal government workers volunteering at a government-related special event; subsequently, impacting how event planners and organizers of public sector special events market to and recruit volunteers.

scholarly journals PENGUKURAN KINERJA REKSA DANA PADA REKSA DANA SYARIAH DAN REKSA DANA KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2008 – 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Zulfiyah Azmi ◽  
Bayu Arie Fianto
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Asset Value ◽  
Net Asset Value ◽  
The Difference

This research measured and compared the performance between Islamic mutual funds and conventional mutual funds using Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Index, Jensen Alpha, Modigliani Measure, Appraisal Ratio, and Adjusted Sharpe Ratio. This research used quantitative approach with panel data that was measured by using different test and it aimed to find out the comparation of the samples. This research used Net Asset Value (NAV), Joint Stock Price Index, BI Rate to find out return and risk that will be implemented on the measured methods. The results of the research based on T-test are that there is no significant difference of performance between Islamic mutual funds and conventional mutual funds, except the Appraisal Ratio method that shows the difference on Islamic mutual funds that has a better performance.Keywords: Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Index, Jensen Alpha, Modigliani Measure, Appraisal Ratio, Adjusted Sharpe Ratio

scholarly journals Potential invalidity of the decision of a public administrative body as a result of the conviction of a person performing a function

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Piotr Szulc
Keyword(s):  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Government Employee ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
Administrative Body ◽  
Polish Law

The article presents the reflections on the potential invalidity of an administrative decision of a public administrative body as a result of the conviction of a person performing a function for an offence under Polish law. Firstly, the author analyses the legal situation of a person convicted for an offence under the Election Code (Kodeks wyborczy), the Act on Self-Government Employees (Ustawa o pracownikach samorządowych) and the Labour Code (Kodeks pracy). He examines in detail the discrepancies between the three legislative acts which may influence the legal position of a convicted person. The conclusion is that a person with the final and valid judgment for intentional offence prosecuted by public indictment to a fine or to penalty of imprisonment retains a passive electoral right in the elections for the mayor, however it seems that under the Act on Self-Government Employees it will not be possible to establish an employment relationship with such a person to work in the capacity of a self-government employee based on election. Secondly, the author analyses the potential invalidity of administrative decisions issued by a person convicted for an offence. The two conditions that could be taken into account as grounds for declaring the invalidity of an administrative decision in the context of the conviction are: a lack of jurisdiction of the authority as a condition of declaring the invalidity of a decision and a gross breach of law as a condition of declaring invalidity of a decision. The analysis of the selected conditions leads to a conclusion that there are no grounds for declaring the invalidity of a decision, as the regulations on jurisdiction will not be breached and the decision will not be issued in gross breach of law. Therefore, even if one were to consider that under the Act on Self-Government Employees a given person cannot be a self-government em­ployee, it seems that this does not prevent the issuance of administrative decisions.

Towards the Modernisation of EU Public Sector Accounting Standards

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Sforza ◽  
Alessandro Mechelli ◽  
Riccardo Cimini
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
State Government ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Governmental Accounting ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Public Sector Accounting ◽  
Security Funds ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Eu

In the field of comparative international governmental accounting research, this chapter participates to the growing debate around the EPSAS-project that according to the EU Commission has a political priority. In this vein, it demonstrates that considering all the governmental subsectors of public administration (central government, state government, local government, social security funds) of the 28 EU Member States, proximity of national regulation to the IPSAS affects the magnitude of total adjustments. These are a proxy of fiscal fragility and are the difference between the non-harmonized data of governmental accounting and the harmonized ESA-2010 national accounting. Findings show that adjustments are significant in magnitude in countries whose regulation has low proximity to IPSAS; opposite, their magnitude is low in countries with high proximity to the IPSAS. Even if they have not provided the anticipated level of harmonisation, the process of modernising the EU public sector accounting standards cannot ignore that the future EPSAS should not diverge much from the IPSAS.

scholarly journals Impact of Portfolio Strategies on Portfolio Performance and Risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Zunera Shaukat ◽  
Ahmad Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Portfolio Performance ◽  
Dynamic Asset Allocation ◽  
Portfolio Strategies ◽  
Tactical Asset Allocation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship

The Portfolio strategies are the effective investment tools pertaining to active and passive investment approaches. This signifies the investor’s inclination of buying and selling the risky and risk-free assets. The research includes four strategies namely buy and hold strategy, dynamic asset allocation, strategic asset allocation and tactical asset allocation along with their dimensions. Strategies based hypothetical portfolios are generated on the basis of 14 years’ stock prices (2005-2017). The annually and monthly risk-adjusted return ratios; Sharpe ratio, Treynor’s measure, CAPM and Jenson Alpha are calculated individually. Simulated annualized portfolios generate significant result with Sharpe and treynor measure. Alpha return is generated with buy and hold if based on growth in stock prices. For empirical result, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used for studying the relationship between the strategies. Post hoc Tukey’s test is applied to find the difference between the strategies. The ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test for monthly portfolios gives significant results with three measure Sharpe ratio, CAPM and Jenson Alpha. No empirical significant result is measured on the basis of treynor measure.

scholarly journals Integration in health: cooperation at triple international border Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Giane Zupellari dos Santos-Melo ◽  
Selma Regina de Andrade ◽  
Betina Hörner Schlindwein Meirelles ◽  
Angela Maria Blatt Ortiga
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Health Council ◽  
International Border ◽  
Health Cooperation ◽  
Municipal Health

OBJECTIVE: To describe the scope and limitations of the main strategies of cooperation in health, adopted between 2005 and 2017, in the context of the triple border Brazil, Colombia and Peru. METHOD: Single, explanatory, qualitative, integrated case study carried out in 2017, in the context of the triple Amazon border, Brazil, Colombia and Peru, in the city of Tabatinga, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Our sources of evidence were: documentary data; interviews with health managers of the State Health Secretariats of Amazonas and Municipal Health of Tabatinga, Municipal Health Council of Tabatinga and Consulate of Peru in Colombia; and direct observations in four health services of Tabatinga. Data were organized with MaxQDA12® software. RESULTS: Data analyzed showed that, during the study period, the Brazilian federal government made several health cooperation agreements with both Peru and Colombia and that the state government of Amazonas undertook strategies to improve the health conditions of the dwellers of Tabatinga and the region of Alto Solimões, which indirectly reached the populations of neighboring countries, supporting the interrelationships between the countries of the region. Regarding the municipal government, we verified the existence of health integration agreements, established informally, to minimize the adversities of the local health. CONCLUSION: The cooperation strategies in health adopted in the triple Amazon border have different purposes, benefits and limitations. It is noteworthy that the existence of cooperation agreements between the federal governments of Brazil, Colombia and Peru and the presence of informal cooperation agreements between the municipal governments of Tabatinga (Brazil), Leticia (Colombia) and Santa Rosa (Peru). The limitations of this study are the lack of knowledge of local managers about the cooperation agreements established between federal governments and the lack of legitimacy of the informal agreements established by the Tabatinga government.

Education in the Eighties

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Keppel
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
State And Local ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

In the 1980s individual states will probably continue to have the major responsibility for education in this country. While the federal government may increase the percentage it contributes to the total costs of education, it will continue to be the junior partner in the enterprise, though one with increasing influence. This junior partner today places more demands on state government than its financial contribution seems to warrant. Conventional wisdom acquired in the 1960s and 1970s suggests that the federal government has set the right agenda on such issues as civil rights, poverty, and policies for minority groups and the handicapped—issues which state governments have generally neglected. But, under the Constitution, the federal government has not had the power to carry out its wishes for education without state and local cooperation. In fact, we often forget that a state's willingness to administer programs effectively is the key to the success of federal programs.

Job Satisfaction among State Executives in the U.S.

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred W. Grupp ◽  
Allan R. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Recent Survey ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Business Executives ◽  
High Level ◽  
The U.S

“A recent survey of high-level, appointed executives in ten states reveals that they are very satisfied with their jobs. They rank their current occupation nearer to ‘ideal’ than did previously surveyed federal or business executives, and they prefer working for state government to employment with the federal government or in private business.”

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