scholarly journals Examining the Effectiveness and Efficiency of an Innovative Achievement Goal Measurement for Preschoolers

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung Chin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Goal Model ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

A large number of studies have investigated achievement goals and their related antecedents and consequences above elementary school level. However, few studies have implemented achievement goal assessment to investigate achievement goals and their relevance for preschoolers. In particular, no valid measurement has been developed for preschoolers’ self-reporting of their achievement goals. The main purposes of this study were twofold: (1) To develop an innovative achievement goal measurement for preschoolers, and to investigate the best theoretical model for understanding preschoolers’ achievement goal across gender. (2) To examine the effectiveness and efficiency of the pictorial and pure text measurement format and approaches (for young children’s self-reporting and teachers’ rating purposes, respectively). A total of 364 preschoolers aged 5 years participated in self-report activity, and 32 preschool teachers obtained consent to rate 193 out of 364 preschoolers. Results showed: (1) the developed achievement goal measurement was a valid tool for understanding preschoolers’ achievement goals and was equally suitable for boys and girls. (2) The 6-factor achievement goal model was the best theoretical perspective for understanding preschoolers’ achievement goals for both boys and girls. (3) The pictorial measurement format for preschoolers’ self-reporting of achievement goals was a more effective but less efficient way to investigate preschoolers’ achievement goals, while the opposite was the case for the pure text measurement format for teachers’ ratings. Implications for achievement goal literature and future research are discussed.

A conceptual framework for understanding the antecedents and consequences of social selling: a theoretical perspective and research agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Barney-McNamara ◽  
James Peltier ◽  
Pavan Rao Chennamaneni ◽  
Keith Eric Niedermeier
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a detail review of the social selling literature and to offer future research needs. Social selling has gained the attention of sales researchers. Rather than merely a new tool, social selling redefines the traditional sales process. However, the literature is spread across topics of social media and sales, social customer relationship management, salesforce automation and social selling, and does not provide an agreed-upon definition or tested construct for implementation. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a comprehensive literature review of social selling and all related terminology. Findings The authors propose a social selling framework that includes personal branding, information exchange, networking and social listening to define and outline the construct while suggesting the antecedents and outcomes to guide future research. Findings from a literature review include outlining key theories used in social selling research. Originality/value This review offers a conceptual framework of social selling, including both antecedents and outcomes, to inform future research and guide academics and practitioners.

Bullying in Korean hotel restaurant kitchens: why is everybody always picking on me?

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-351
Author(s):  
Ki Ho Kim ◽  
Eugene Y. Roh ◽  
Young Joong Kim ◽  
Samuel A. Spralls
Keyword(s):  
Working Environment ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

PurposeThe primary purpose of this article is to develop and test a model of the antecedents and consequences (Cho et al., 2016) of bullying in Korean hotel kitchens.Design/methodology/approachCross-sectional survey data were collected from 288 kitchen workers at 12 upscale Korean hotels. Proposed path models were tested using Hayes' (2013) PROCESS syntax in SPSS for mediation and moderated mediation analyses.FindingsThe empirical results indicated that an employee's acquiescent silence behavior increases the likelihood of being bullied. As a result, bullied employees are more likely to respond by engaging in a person-related counterproductive work behavior (CWB-P) or in defensive silence out of fear with temporary employees reacting less aggressively compared to regular employees.Research limitations/implicationsCross-sectional design and self-report data risk common method variance and attributions of causality. Future research should use longitudinal designs to avoid common method bias and make causal inferences. Theoretical and practical implications for kitchen productivity are presented. The study should offer valuable insights for prospective employers to develop on-going training and create a positive working environment within the organization.Originality/valueWhile bullying is a widespread and even an epidemic problem for the commercial kitchen environment, research into abusive behavior among chefs has been limited. By utilizing a specific segment of the hospitality industry, this research identified different behavioral aspects of bulling between temporary and regular employees in the commercial kitchen environment.

Achievement Goals, Implicit Theories, and Intrinsic Motivation: A Test of Domain Specificity Across Music, Visual Art, and Sports

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Keng John Wang ◽  
Leonard Tan ◽  
Eugene I. Dairianathan
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Domain Specificity ◽  
Education Data ◽  
Approach Goals

The purpose of this study was to test the domain specificity of achievement goals across music, visual art, and sports specializations, as measured by Elliot’s 2 × 2 achievement goal framework. Participants in the study were 103 volunteer student teachers from a teacher training institute in Singapore specializing in music, visual art, and physical education. Data were collected via self-report questionnaires that included measures of (a) the 2 × 2 achievement goal orientation constructs; (b) incremental and entity beliefs among the participants in music, visual art, and sports; and (c) participants’ enjoyment, perceived competence, effort, and tension while being engaged in music, visual art, and sports. MANOVA analyses indicated that (a) achievement goals are domain-specific and are highest in participants’ area of specialization; (b) implicit theories can be generalized across the three specializations, with higher incremental beliefs than entity beliefs reported across all specializations; and (c) enjoyment was highest for those who specialized in that particular area. Finally, mastery-approach goals positively predicted enjoyment in each specialization.

Achievement Goals and Their Relations to Children’s Disruptive Behaviors in an After-School Physical Activity Program

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Agbuga ◽  
Ping Xiang ◽  
Ron McBride
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Disruptive Behaviors ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
After School ◽  
Goal Model ◽  
Mastery Goal ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

This study used a trichotomous achievement goal model to explore and describe what actually happened in terms of students’ achievement goals and disruptive behaviors in an after-school physical activity program. Participants included 158 students in grades 3–6. They completed questionnaires assessing their achievement goals and disruptive behaviors. Nine of the participants were also selected and observed for disruptive behaviors. Students reported higher scores on the mastery goal than they did on the performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals. The mastery goal was negatively related to students’ self-reported low engagement, whereas the performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals were positively related to students’ self-reported disruptive behaviors. Overall, findings of the study provide empirical support for the trichotomous achievement goal model as a viable theoretical framework in the study of students’ disruptive behaviors in after-school physical activity settings.

Autonomous and controlled reasons underlying achievement goals: Implications for the 3 × 2 achievement goal model in educational and work settings

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Gillet ◽  
Marc-André K. Lafrenière ◽  
Tiphaine Huyghebaert ◽  
Evelyne Fouquereau
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Goal Model ◽  
Work Settings

scholarly journals Examination of the 3x2 Achievement Goal Model in Collegiate Recreation: Comparison Across Sport Programs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leeann M. Lower ◽  
Brian A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Goal Theory ◽  
Goal Model ◽  
Recreational Sport ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Post Secondary Institution ◽  
Achievement Contexts

Sport is a central achievement context through which participants’ direct competence-related behavior to achieve desired outcomes. Achievement goal theory provides a framework for understanding self-directed behavior in achievement contexts. Theorists postulate that achievement goals reflect one’s purpose and anticipated outcomes which guide behavior. To assess this psychological construct, several achievement goal measures have been developed, from a dichotomous model (Nicholls, 1989) to the most recent 3x2 model (Elliot, Murayama, & Pekrun, 2011). In the present research, the 3x2 achievement goal model (i.e., task-approach, task-avoidance, self-approach, self-avoidance, other-approach, other-avoidance) was translated for the collegiate recreational sport domain and tested against alternative theoretical models. A questionnaire was developed and administered to recreational sport participants (N = 614) at a large, post-secondary institution in the United States. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the researchers found the 3x2 model to provide a better fit than the alternative theoretical models. These findings support the most recent theoretical advancement of the achievement goal construct. Through use of multivariate analysis of variance, significant differences across the six achievement goals were found between intramural and sport club participants. These results have implications for researchers and recreational sport practitioners seeking to measure and understand the motivational differences across sport participants.

scholarly journals Who Thrives Under Pressure? Predicting the Performance of Elite Academy Cricketers Using the Cardiovascular Indicators of Challenge and Threat States

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Turner ◽  
Marc V. Jones ◽  
David Sheffield ◽  
Matthew J. Slater ◽  
Jamie B. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Challenge And Threat ◽  
Batting Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Avoidance Goals

This study assessed whether cardiovascular (CV) reactivity patterns indexing challenge and threat states predicted batting performance in elite male county (N = 12) and national (N = 30) academy cricketers. Participants completed a batting test under pressure, before which CV reactivity was recorded in response to ego-threatening audio instructions. Self-reported self-efficacy, control, achievement goals, and emotions were also assessed. Challenge CV reactivity predicted superior performance in the Batting Test, compared with threat CV reactivity. The relationships between self-report measures and CV reactivity, and self-report measures and performance were inconsistent. A small subsample of participants who exhibited threat CV reactivity, but performed well, reported greater self-efficacy than participants who exhibited threat CV reactivity, but performed poorly. Also a small subsample of participants who exhibited challenge reactivity, but performed poorly, had higher avoidance goals than participants with challenge reactivity who performed well. The mechanisms for the observed relationship between CV reactivity and performance are discussed alongside implications for future research and applied practice.

scholarly journals The relationships between the 3 × 2 achievement goal model and test anxiety in Physical Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2097132
Author(s):  
Sarah Danthony ◽  
Nicolas Mascret ◽  
François Cury
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Goal Model ◽  
General Test ◽  
Approach Goals ◽  
Avoidance Goals ◽  
Negative Factors

The aim of the present study was to investigate the predictive role of the 3 × 2 achievement goal model on test anxiety in the specific context of Physical Education (PE). Four hundred and eighty-six French students (mean age = 15.83, standard deviation = 1.20) voluntarily and anonymously filled out the Revised Test Anxiety and Regulatory Dimension of Anxiety in Physical Education scale (RTAR-PE) assessing test anxiety in PE and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport (AGQ-S) assessing the six achievement goals. The results showed that task-avoidance and self-avoidance goals positively predicted the four negative factors of test anxiety (worry, self-focus, bodily symptoms, somatic tension), while task-approach and self-approach goals negatively predicted them. It was the opposite for perceived control, which is the positive factor of test anxiety. Contrary to academic general test anxiety, other-avoidance goals did not positively predict the negative factors of test anxiety in the PE context, but they negatively predicted perceived control. The previous pattern of results was reversed for task-approach, self-approach, and other-approach goals. Finally, a significant interaction was found between other-avoidance goals and gender in predicting bodily symptoms, but simple slope analyses did not reveal significant findings. Taking students’ psychological characteristics into account, such as achievement goals, may contribute to a better understanding of test anxiety in PE.

A 2 × 2 Achievement Goals Questionnaire for Sport: Evidence for Factorial Invariance, Temporal Stability, and External Validity

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Conroy ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot ◽  
Scott M. Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Goals ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Avoidance Performance ◽  
Factorial Invariance ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Future Research ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mastery Avoidance

Achievement goals in sport have traditionally been defined according to the definition of competence alone (i.e., mastery/task, performance/ego). Emerging research and theory from the academic domain indicates that the utility of the achievement goal construct can be enhanced when the valence (i.e., approach, avoidance) of goals is also considered in conjunction with the definition of competence. The present study was designed to evaluate the psychometric properties of scores for mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals from a measure of achievement goals in sport. The a priori 2 × 2 model fit the data better than any of the plausible alternative models. In a series of longitudinal factorial invariance and latent growth curve analyses, scores for the four subscales exhibited structural invariance, and both differential and latent mean stability over a 21-day period. Achievement goal scores conformed to theoretical predictions regarding their relationship with fear-of-failure scores. The AGQ-S would be an appropriate instrument for future research using the 2 × 2 model of achievement goals in sport, particularly for experimental/intervention research on change processes associated with achievement goals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document