Care-Seeking Dynamics among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Selected Rural Settings in Kenya

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are two common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that often coexist in patients. However, health-seeking behaviour in patients with diabetes mellitus or hypertension has not been extensively studied especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to examine care-seeking dynamics among participants diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension across nine counties in rural Kenya. We conducted a cross-sectional study among adults diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension through face-to-face interviews. Of the 1100 participants, 69.9% had hypertension, 15.5% diabetes while 14.7% had both. The mean age of the respondents was 64 years. The majority of the respondents (86%) were on allopathic treatment. Hospital admission, having a good self-rated health status and having social support for illness, were positively associated with appropriate health-seeking behaviour while use of alcohol and pharmacy or chemist as source of treatment were negatively associated with appropriate health-seeking behaviour. Our study found a high prevalence of appropriate health-seeking behaviour among respondents with the majority obtaining care from government facilities. The results are evidence that improving public health care services can promote appropriate health-seeking behaviour for non-communicable diseases and thus improve health outcomes.

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Risiko Stunting pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v8i3.674 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 455

Author(s):

Emy Rianti

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Economic Status ◽

Growth Failure ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Early Age ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Who Standards ◽

Patients With Diabetes

<p>In the last decade, more evidence that malnutrition at a very early age and occurs chronically or recurrently is an important risk of non-communicable diseases in adulthood, and one of them is diabetes mellitus. In addition, studies on the pattern of linear growth in Indonesia suggest that growth failure brings consequences of retained effects in later ages. Growth failure in infants and children is a benchmark for future short-term growth failure in adulthood. The objective of the study was to assess the factors that became the risk of adult stunting in patients with diabetes mellitus. The type of this research was quantitative with the analytic method through cross-sectional study design approach, involving 60 respondents, data were taken in Depok General Hospital of West Java, on September 2016, data taken in primary and secondary. Criteria for patients with diabetes mellitus were determined based on doctor's diagnosis, while weight, height, and economic status data were obtained through direct interview and measurement. Stunting was determined by WHO standards in 2006 and BMI was determined according to WHO standards in 2004. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant relationship between age with short-term patients with diabetes mellitus. A recommendation, need further research with a more controlled design to ensure the long-term impact of risk of non-communicable diseases as a response to malnutrition at an early age. </p>

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Rural–urban health-seeking behaviours for non-communicable diseases in Sierra Leone

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. e002024 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ayesha Idriss ◽

Karin Diaconu ◽

Guanyang Zou ◽

Reynold GB Senesi ◽

Haja Wurie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sierra Leone ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Group Model ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Health Seeking Behaviour ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Community Members ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

IntroductionNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally. In Africa, they are expected to increase by 25% by 2030. However, very little is known about community perceptions of risk factors and factors influencing health-seeking behaviour, especially in fragile settings. Understanding these is critical to effectively address this epidemic, especially in low-resource settings.MethodsWe use participatory group model building techniques to probe knowledge and perceptions of NCD conditions and their causes, health-seeking patterns for NCDs and factors affecting these health-seeking patterns. Our participants were 116 local leaders and community members in three sites in Western Area (urban) and Bombali District (rural), Sierra Leone. Data were analysed using a prior framework for NCD care seeking developed in Ghana.ResultsOur findings suggest adequate basic knowledge of causes and symptoms of the common NCDs, in rural and urban areas, although there is a tendency to highlight and react to severe symptoms. Urban and rural communities have access to a complex network of formal and informal, traditional and biomedical, spiritual and secular health providers. We highlight multiple narratives of causal factors which community members can hold, and how these and social networks influence their care seeking. Care seeking is influenced by a number of factors, including supply-side factors (proximity and cost), previous experiences of care, disease-specific factors, such as acute presentation, and personal and community beliefs about the appropriateness of different strategies.ConclusionThis article adds to the limited literature on community understanding of NCDs and its associated health-seeking behaviour in fragile settings. It is important to further elucidate these factors, which power hybrid journeys including non-care seeking, failure to prevent and self-manage effectively, and considerable expenditure for households, in order to improve prevention and management of NCDs in fragile settings such as Sierra Leone.

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Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases among Retired Military Personnel

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v16i2.55295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Md Mazharul Islam Khan ◽

Ariful Haque ◽

- Md Shamimuzzaman ◽

Chyochyo Nancy ◽

Farzana Zafreen

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Military Personnel ◽

The Elderly ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Epidemiologic Transition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Mortality And Morbidity

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become burning issues worldwide, especially among the elderly individuals. Bangladeshi elderly is also susceptible cohort to NCDs for its recent epidemiologic transition and the NCDs is casting as prominent risk for major mortality and morbidity related issues. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of common NCDs and its risk factors among the Bangladeshi retired military personnel. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the retired military personnel admitted in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar from January 2019 to July 2019. A face-to-face interview was carried out among the respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Among 153 retired military personnel; most common NCDs were hypertension (80.4%), diabetes mellitus 66.7%, ischemic heart disease37.3% and only 3.9 % had low back pain. Most of them accessed their health in CMH (66.7%), where 17.6% reported to Govt. hospital and only a minor portion (15.7%) to private hospital. Moreover, 70.6% of them were not willing to regular health check-up. Conclusions: The most common NCDs were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. This study concluded with a few intervention strategies and community-based health promotion programs to reduce the burden of NCDs among the retired military personnel. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 35-39

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Health-seeking behaviour and practices among immigrant retail traders in an urban setting in North-Western Ghana

International Journal of Migration Health and Social Care ◽

10.1108/ijmhsc-04-2020-0040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Elijah Yendaw ◽

Anthony Mwinilanaa Tampah-Naah

Keyword(s):

Health Facility ◽

Urban Setting ◽

Research Approach ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Health Seeking Behaviour ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type

Purpose This study aims to investigate the health-care-seeking behaviour and practices of West African migrants who reside and operate in Wa, Ghana, as itinerant retailers. Design/methodology/approach The study was cross-sectional and used the quantitative research approach. The analysis was done on a target population comprising 122 itinerant immigrant retail traders in Wa, Ghana. Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Findings Malaria was the commonest disease among them. Five in ten of the migrants preferred to report malaria episodes to a private health facility than to a government facility. Significant associations were identified between four dimensions (health facility, self-medication, home remedy and consult others) of health-seeking behaviour, and some background characteristics. The main reason why migrants prefer government health facilities was because of their better health personnel. They self-medicated because of easy accessibility of over-the-counter medicine shops. Also, when ill, the migrants usually consulted family members who would be in a position to take them home when their ailment worsens. Research limitations/implications Snowball sampling was used to select the respondents which could potentially lead to a sample that is not fully representative of the population in general. Originality/value Studies concerning migration and health in Ghana have been focused on internal migrants. Yet, minority immigrant traders equally encounter adverse health conditions but limited studies have been conducted to espouse their health-seeking behaviour. This study imperatively contributes to the subject matter that has limited literature in the country.

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Preparedness among Family Caregivers of Patients with Non-Communicable Diseases in Indonesia

Nurse Media Journal of Nursing ◽

10.14710/nmjn.v10i3.31954 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 339-349

Author(s):

Ike Wuri Winahyu Sari ◽

Novita Nirmalasari

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Essential Element ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

The Family ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Background: Family caregivers spend 24 hours a day looking after and assisting patients. However, they are not always adequately prepared for all the problems they face. There is a lack of evidence exploring caregivers’ preparedness among family caregivers of patients with non-communicable diseases in Indonesia.Purpose: This study aimed to identify caregivers’ preparedness among family caregivers of patients with non-communicable diseases.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 120 Indonesian family caregivers for patients with non-communicable diseases, who were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using the Indonesian version of the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale (PCS) which had been validated before its use. The possible scores of this tool ranged from 0.00 to 4.00. The higher the score, the more prepared the family caregivers were. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA .Results: Family caregivers reported feeling of moderately prepared for caregiving. The score of family caregiver preparedness for patients with diabetes, cancer, and chronic kidney disease were 2.97±0.42; 2.83±0.40; 2.89±0.49, respectively with possible range from 0.00 to 4.00. There were no differences on the caregivers’ preparedness among family caregivers of patients with non-communicable diseases (p=0.387).Conclusion: Caregivers’ preparedness is an essential element of patient care. Nurses have to be proactive in assessing each family caregiver’s preparedness to enhance the quality of life of both the family caregivers and the patients themselves, so that they can be empowered as a source of nursing care.

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Prevalence and pattern of non-communicable diseases among elderly in a sub-urban area of Delhi

Indian Journal of Community Health ◽

10.47203/ijch.2021.v33i01.010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81

Author(s):

Tushar Prabhakar ◽

Manish Kumar Goel ◽

Anita Shankar Acharya ◽

Sanjeev Kumar Rasania

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Obesity Hypertension ◽

Systemic Examination ◽

Study Participants

Background: With increasing proportion of geriatric population across societies, the occurrence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases has been steadily increasing as well. The study tries to showcase the pattern and proportion of NCDs among the elderly population in a sub-urban part of Delhi. Aim & Objective: To assess the prevalence and study the morbidity profile of NCDs among geriatric population of Delhi. Materials & Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done in 350 elderly participants in Mehrauli, Delhi. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Detailed general and systemic examination was also done. Results: A total of 87.4% of the study population was suffering from at least one NCD; 68% were having an already known NCD(s) while 19.4% were newly diagnosed during the study. 2.41 NCDs were found per patient. The prevalence of hypertension was 58%, 49.4% suffered from senile cataract, 32.9% had osteoarthritis, 30.3% had diabetes mellitus, and 26.9% had obesity. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus together were present in 18.3% while the combination of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity was seen in 9.4% of the study participants. Conclusion: Burden of NCDs among the elderly was notably high with a large proportion of them having multimorbidity. It gets important to focus on preventive measures to delay the onset and stem the progression of NCDs to facilitate healthy ageing.

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Relationship of Respondent’s Characteristic with The Risk of Diabetes Mellitus and Dislipidemia at Tanah Kalikedinding

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v5i12017.130-141 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Nina Widyasari

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Regular Control ◽

The World ◽

Relationship Of

Non-communicable diseases is one of the health problems of the world and Indonesia, which until now is still a concern in the world of health because of one cause of death. Several types of PTM encountered are dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship of age, sex, and education with DM and dyslipidemia in Tanah Kecamatan kecamatan kecamatan This study is a cross sectional study. The population in this study is all residents who live in RT 05 RW 02 Kelurahan Tanah kali Kedinding Kenjeran District with a population of 125 KK consisting of 402 people. The sample was taken by simple random sampling with Slovin formula of 125 KK. The sample in this research is 50 people. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship of age of respondents (p value = 0.005); Respondent’s gender (p value = 0,000); Education last respondent (p value = 0,001) with risk of Diabetes Mellitus disease. And there is a significant relation between age of respondent (p value = 0,007); Gender (p value = 0,000); Education (p value = 0,000) with the risk of dyslipidemia. It is suggested to residents of Kalikedinding lands that implementing improved lifestyle by undergoing regular control of eating habits, exercise, and blood glucose and dyslipidemia checkups is necessary. Keywords: non-communicable diseases, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia

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Adherence to the pyramid of the mediterranean diet (2010), non-communicable diseases and lifestyle in online postgraduate Spanish students in the food area

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-200521 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Elío Iñaki ◽

Jarrín Sandra ◽

Eléxpuru María ◽

Crespo Jorge ◽

Domínguez Irma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Postgraduate Students ◽

The Mediterranean

BACKGROUND: In Spain, there are several studies published on the relationship between eating habits and lifestyle among university students; but only a few of them are focused on online postgraduate students. OBJECTIVE: Herein we aimed to evaluate the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid (2010 edition), non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and lifestyle in online postgraduate students aged 20–65 years belonging to the food area of the Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana (FUNIBER). METHODS: We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study including 100 online post-graduate students aged 20–65 years who were recruited by an accidental non-probabilistic sampling method consisting of a questionnaire on their sociodemographic characteristics, NCDs, lifestyle, and a 3-day food intake record (3-d). RESULTS: The profile of the students was 74% women, with a mean age of 36.6 (±10.5) years and body mass index (BMI) of 22.6 kg / m2 (±3.3). 71% of the volunteers presented normal weight, while 20% were overweight. Indeed, only a low percentage of the volunteers presented hypertension (1%), cardiovascular disease (0%), diabetes mellitus 1 (2%), diabetes mellitus 2 (3%), hypercholesterolemia (9%), and hyperuricemia (2%). Concerning lifestyle, (77%) of students were non-smokers, (78%) consumed beverages with caffeine, (51%) did not consume alcoholic beverages, and nearly all of them (84%) frequently (3 times /week) practiced physical activity. (68%) of the recruited students exhibited adherence to “Medium diet quality diet (4–7)” followed by (26%) with a “Poor diet quality (<3) and “Optimal diet quality” (6%). CONCLUSION: Spanish postgraduate students of the nutritional area, have good health and a healthy lifestyle but are moving away from the MD model, should be established campaigns for the improvement of eating habits of the postgraduate university population.

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