scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE HEAT SHIELDING EFFECT OF OILS ON THE POSSIBILITY OF JAMMING IN THE MOBILE INTERFACES OF TRANSPORT VEHICLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Popov ◽  
M. Rudik ◽  
A. Podzolkov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Material Density ◽  
Mobile Interfaces ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Heat Shielding ◽  
Boundary Films

the influence of the heat-shielding effect of oils on the occurrence of wear in mobile interfaces during jamming, characterized by such a defect as a bully and accompanied by the transfer of metal from one friction surface to another, is analyzed. The research was carried out both on the basis of theoretical calculations based on the thermodynamic theory of friction, and empirical tests using the developed device for simulating a temperature flash on a stationary friction contact and subsequent observation of the propagation of the heat flow according to the indications of thermocouples. On the basis of theoretical assumptions, and the results of the research, the hypothesis that the heat energy released as the result of frictional interactions at microscopic contact, has a high density and is spread with considerable speed mainly in the direction with the lowest thermal resistance due to the thermophysical characteristics of the material (density, conductivity) and thermal capacity, for example, thin boundary films (oil, oxide, servovite, sputtered, etc.) with a thickness of 1 µm and is comparable with the height of asperities. The results of the research confirm the hypothesis about the role of the heat-shielding effect of lubricants on the microcontact overheating and changes in the structure and properties of both the lubricant and the metal surface layer, which in turn cause increased wear of machine parts.

The Role of Hydrogen In The Structure of γ-Alumina

1998 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Sohlberg ◽  
Stephen J. Pennycook ◽  
Sokrates T. Pantelides
Keyword(s):  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
Material Density ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Contradictory Data

AbstractThe structure of a-alumina (α-A12O3) is well known to be hexagonal close packed. In contrast, the structures of the so-called transition aluminas (-γ-alumina, η-alumina,…) are the subject of controversy. We report theoretical calculations which show that -γ-alumina is actually a sequence of compounds with the general formula H3mAl2−mO3. (0 ≤ m ≤ ⅓). m = ⅛ is a unique form, HAl5O8, with a perfect spinel structure. For m > 8, there are interstitial H atoms whereas for m < ⅛. there are vacancies. This picture is supported m > ⅛ by calculations of material density and proton vibrational frequencies. The results are in excellent agreement with measured values. The present new systematic approach accounts for a wide range of seemingly contradictory data and leads to the conclusion that γ-alumina behaves as a “reactive sponge” by storing and releasing water in a novel reactive way.

Rethinking stereotype reliance: Understanding the connection between female candidates and gender stereotypes

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichole M. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Made In

Increasing numbers of female candidates are running for Congress in American national elections. Despite the rise in female candidates running for office, women are not significantly increasing their presence in the House and Senate. A much hypothesized influence over the electoral fates of female candidates is the role of gender stereotypes. However, political science scholars have struggled to pinpoint the effect of stereotypes on vote choice, if there is any effect. This essay compares the way social psychology and political science scholars theoretically, conceptually and empirically test for gender stereotype influence over evaluations of female candidates and politicians. Differences emerge in the theoretical assumptions made in the two disciplines, the types of measures used in research, and the empirical tests conducted to demonstrate the presence or absence of stereotypes in evaluations of women. The discussion explores how scholars studying female candidates and politicians can integrate insights from social psychology to clarify the role of stereotypes in candidate evaluation and choice.

Public and Private Net Savings in Developing Countries: Some Empirical Tests for the Period 1972-88 (Distinguishedl Lecture)

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (4I) ◽  
pp. 431-447
Author(s):  
Peter A. Cornelisse ◽  
Elma Van De Mortel
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Financial Issues

The severe shocks that rocked the world economy in the 1970s and the ensuing efforts to adjust and to renew economic growth have had a profound effect on the economic literature. Especially the external and public debt problems which reached critical dimensions in many countries attracted much attention. Thus, in the field of macroeconomics financial issues have gained more prominence over the last two decades. Studies relating to the fiscal deficit have been particularly numerous. The critical size of national public debts, the contribution of the public debt to external debt, the reduced confidence in the state as the guide in socioeconomic development and the role of fiscal policy in adjustment processes are among the main reasons for this increased interest.

ZMP: A REVIEW OF SOME BASIC MISUNDERSTANDINGS

2006 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 153-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIOMIR VUKOBRATOVIĆ ◽  
BRANISLAV BOROVAC ◽  
VELJKO POTKONJAK
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Zero Moment ◽  
Basic Characteristics

One of basic characteristics of the regular bipedal walk of humanoid robots is the maintenance of their dynamic balance during the walk, whereby a decisive role is played by the unpowered degrees of freedom arising at the foot–ground contact. Hence, the role of the Zero-Moment Point (ZMP) as an indicator of dynamic balance is indispensable. This paper gives a detailed discussion of some basic theoretical assumptions related to the ZMP in the light of imprecise, and even incorrect, interpretations that have recently appeared, and which have led to some erroneous conclusions. Examples are given to show some erroneous basic attitudes and the genesis of some of them is indicated. It is also pointed out that in the domain of bipedal walk there are still notions that are not clearly defined and their meanings differentiated in some related branches of science and engineering. One of the examples is dynamic balance and stability, which are often used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Do ESG metrics reflect crisis resilience of equities during the COVID-19 pandemic?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-388
Author(s):  
Fanni Dudás ◽  
Helena Naffa
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Shapley Decomposition ◽  
Empirical Tests

We examine the role of ESG metrics in explaining crisis resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. ESG refers to Environmental, Social, and Governance aspects of companies, collectively known as ESG factors, and has gained popularity in investments. Our empirical tests cover a database of 971 company members of the MSCI World Index and examine the COVID Crisis period from February 2020 – May 2020. We performed linear regression and Owen-Shapley decomposition in our study, like the literature. Our results show that ESG is not an “equity vaccine” but is a statistically significant and economically important variable in explaining returns during the pandemic. Our findings highlight the increasing importance of sustainability aspects in finance and in investing.

Modals, subjunctives, and (non-)finiteness

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
John M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Syntactic Property ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Analytic Expression ◽  
Syntactic Status

For grammarians, acquiring some understanding of ‘finiteness’ as a linguistic concept has been a longstanding problem, even if frequently unacknowledged as such. It seems to me that the problem derives, in particular, from the fact that arriving at a universally applicable characterization of the syntactic status of finiteness is difficult to reconcile with how it has been claimed to be manifested morphosyntactically in different languages. In what follows I explore the consequences for our understanding of the role of morphological and periphrastic subjunctives in English of drawing a distinction between finiteness as a syntactic property and the possible signalling of this property in the morphology. The discussion presents no novel data or novel claims concerning the interpretation of the sentences cited (at least, not intentionally); it merely confronts the familiar with the characterization of finiteness proposed here. And I have also tried, in the interests of accessibility and generality of application, to minimize appeal to parochial theoretical assumptions beyond that involving finiteness and the recognition of grammatical periphrasis, i.e. analytic expression of a category otherwise signalled morphologically, and of the traditional concept of reaction.

Information Assurance Seals: How They Impact Consumer Purchasing Behavior

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Nikitkov
Keyword(s):  
Information Assurance ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Assurance Services ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Time To Learn ◽  
Role Of Information

Public accounting firms and other independent assurance providers have developed and marketed web assurance services resulting in a seal as an indicator of compliance. Academic research finds that seals potentially meet some of the most acute consumer concerns, but that consumers have inadequate understandings about the seals, and low regard for them. This study extends the research on the role of information assurance seals as an antecedent of trust by examining the use of seals on the eBay auction site. The study analyzes a sample of transactions in which buyers acted with their own money, and had time to learn about various signals and consider their strengths. The transactions are examined to see whether presence of a seal on the seller's web page made a significant difference on actual consumer purchasing behavior. Empirical tests found significant associations between the presence of seals and consumer purchasing behavior in both auction and posted-price contexts.

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