scholarly journals Mechanisms of neurogenesis and angiogenesis in ischaemic stroke: literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Koroleva ◽  
Valentina M. Alifirova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Neuroblast Migration ◽  
Vascular Regulation ◽  
Ischaemic Brain

Scientific achievements of recent decades indicate that neurogenesis and angiogenesis are interrelated processes in the struggle for functional recovery after ischaemic stroke. This literature review presents current data on the neurovascular interactions in ischaemic stroke, and describes the role of signalling molecules and growth factors in the regulation of neurogenesis and angiogenesis, which are crucial for neuronal survival and neuroplasticity. The authors conducted a literature search for abnormal neuroblast migration into the ischaemic penumbra and the role of signalling molecules, molecular targets of angiogenesis, and role of endogenous growth factors and neurochemical markers in post-stroke vascular regulation in acute cerebral ischaemia. Relevant keywords were entered into the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, as well as Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, eLibrary, and other databases. Despite promising results obtained in animal models, and the data from clinical studies, deeper interrelationships between molecular and cellular interactions of neurogenesis and angiogenesis are still not entirely clear. Further study and understanding of complex interactions between neurogenesis and angiogenesis is needed to find targets for exogenous growth factor administration and changes in endogenous molecule expression for treatment of ischaemic brain injury.

scholarly journals A brief literature review on the management of post-haemorrhoidectomy pain

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mohsin Uzzaman ◽  
Muhammed Rafay Sameem Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Symptomatic Control

The most commonly encountered complication after haemorrhoidectomy is post-operative pain. Relief of this pain may aid earlier recovery. A literature search was performed examining the different surgical and medical agents for the relief of post haemorrhoidectomy pain using Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane library databases. Pain can be relieved by surgical or medical agents. Surgery incorporates a risk of incontinence. A number of studies examine the role of medical agents.A variety of surgical techniques and medical agents are available to the clinician in the treatment of post haemorrhoidectomy pain. Tailored management to individual patients should ensure appropriate symptomatic control and prompt recovery.

Role of Monocytes in Atherogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJARNE ØSTERUD ◽  
EIRIK BJØRKLID
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Foam Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Foam Cell Formation ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Adhesive Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory System

Østerud, Bjarne, and Eirik Bjørklid. Role of Monocytes in Atherogenesis. Physiol Rev 83: 1069-1112, 2003; 10.1152/physrev.00005.2003.—This review focuses on the role of monocytes in the early phase of atherogenesis, before foam cell formation. An emerging consensus underscores the importance of the cellular inflammatory system in atherogenesis. Initiation of the process apparently hinges on accumulating low-density lipoproteins (LDL) undergoing oxidation and glycation, providing stimuli for the release of monocyte attracting chemokines and for the upregulation of endothelial adhesive molecules. These conditions favor monocyte transmigration to the intima, where chemically modified, aggregated, or proteoglycan- or antibody-complexed LDL may be endocytotically internalized via scavenger receptors present on the emergent macrophage surface. The differentiating monocytes in concert with T lymphocytes exert a modulating effect on lipoproteins. These events propagate a series of reactions entailing generation of lipid peroxides and expression of chemokines, adhesion molecules, cytokines, and growth factors, thereby sustaining an ongoing inflammatory process leading ultimately to lesion formation. New data emerging from studies using transgenic animals, notably mice, have provided novel insights into many of the cellular interactions and signaling mechanisms involving monocytes/macrophages in the atherogenic processes. A number of these studies, focusing on mechanisms for monocyte activation and the roles of adhesive molecules, chemokines, cytokines and growth factors, are addressed in this review.

scholarly journals Downregulation of WNT8A, LRP5, LRP6 and FGF8 in Malay Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303-3311
Author(s):  
Nurul Syazana Mohamad Shah ◽  
Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman ◽  
Sarina Sulong ◽  
Ahmad Sukari Halim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Repair Operation ◽  
Cleft Lip Repair ◽  
Malay Population ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) is a one of the most common birth defects occurs as a result of multi-factorial determinants such as genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factor has been studying widely across different population in identifying genes causing cleft defects. This study aims to validate the role of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and signalling molecules Wingless-type (Wnt) to the occurrence of cleft lip and/or palate among Malay population. Tissue skin was obtained from consented NSCL/P patients who underwent the cleft lip repair operation at the upper lip skin area and non NSCL/P individual was obtained from patient having traumatic injury at the lip area as a control. Expression pattern of FGF8, FGF10, Wnt8a, and LRP5/6 were tested and validated using Western Blot (WB) and quantitative Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR). The fold change difference of FGF8 (0.614 ± 0.1012-fold), FGF10 (0.7188 ± 0.1017-fold) and Wnt8a protein (0.9051 ± 0.0142-fold) was downregulated by 1-fold in cleft lip (CL) tissues compared to the normal meanwhile LRP5/6 protein (1.2201 ± 0.1404-fold) was found upregulated by 1-fold. Validation testing confirmed that expression of FGF8 (p=0.014), Wnt8a (0.0762 ± 0.0227), LRP5 (0.3577 ± 0.1362) and LRP6 (0.3093 ± 0.2541) were significantly reduced in CL tissues compared to normal. This is the first study identified defective regulation of Wnt8a, LRP5, LRP6 and FGF8 in NSCL/P among Malays. These novel findings clearly explained the important role of growth factors FGF and Wnt signalling pathway in lip and palate formation during craniofacial development.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF AUTOIMMUNITY IN IMPLANTATION FAILURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783
Author(s):  
Vladyslav O. Berestoviy ◽  
Ahmad A. Mahmood ◽  
Oleg O. Berestoviy ◽  
Valentyna G. Ginzburg ◽  
Dmytro O. Govsieiev
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Implantation Failure ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Medical University

The aim: This review was aimed to understand the role of different types of autoantibodies like antiphospholipid, antithyroid, antisperm, antinuclear, anti-ovarian autoantibodies and heat shock protein HSP 60 in the process of implantation in the normal way of conceiving and IVF and also to estimate that how the presence of these autoantibodies affect the normal pregnancy outcome. Materials and methods: This review process performed in the obstetrics and gynaecology postgraduate department, Bogomolets national medical university, Kyiv, Ukraine. It was a review of already published papers not to need the ethical board committee's approval. By following the literature review guidelines, this paper was written and searched for relevant studies regarding autoantibodies and implantation, published in medical literature till 2020 were included in this review process. The search is done for studies published till 2020 in the English language from the Medline database, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane library database. Conclusions: Our recent work found that the involvement of APA, ANA and/or ATA in recipients of oocyte donations did not affect their pregnancy outcomes. Some researchers did not give any clear conclusion about these risks, and some stated that the use of some immunodepressant agents could be useful to reduce the harmful effects of these autoantibodies associated with implantation failure. Each autoantibody has a different mechanism of action to create the pathological state, some have direct effect, and some indirectly impact implantation. In future, further high-quality studies need to be performed for better understanding.

scholarly journals The role of growth factors in the pathogenesis of endometriosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Margarita S. Florova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Paracrine Regulation ◽  
Immunological Disorders ◽  
Abnormal Expression ◽  
Relationship Of

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory hormone-dependent disease characterized by abnormal proliferation in the endometrium, nerves, blood vessels, fibroblasts, etc. and accompanied by immunological disorders. Growth factors are an important part of the mechanisms that underlie intercellular communication, auto- and paracrine regulation. This literature review presents data on abnormal expression of growth factors in patients with endometriosis, relationship of growth factors and hormonal status in normal and endometrial tissues, and the supposed role of growth factors in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Growth factors in development: the role of TGF-β related polypeptide signalling molecules in embryogenesis

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigid L. M. Hogan ◽  
Manfred Blessing ◽  
Glenn E. Winnier ◽  
Noboru Suzuki ◽  
C. Michael Jones
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Large Families

Embryonic induction, the process by which signals from one cell population influence the fate of another, plays an essential role in the development of all organisms so far studied. In many cases, the signalling molecules belong to large families of highly conserved proteins, originally identified as mammalian growth factors. The largest known family is related to Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) and currently consists of at least 24 different members. Genetic studies in Drosophila on the TGF-β related gene, decapentaplegic (dpp), reveal the existence of conserved mechanisms regulating both the expression of the protein during development and the way in which it interacts with other signalling molecules to generate pattern within embryonic tissues. Comparative studies on another TGF-β related gene, known as Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 (BMP-4), in Xenopus and mouse point to a conserved role in specifying posteroventral mesoderm during gastrulation. Analysis of other polypeptide signalling molecules during gastrulation suggests that their interaction in the generation of the overall body plan has also been conserved during vertebrate evolution.

scholarly journals The Role of Textiles in Controlling Microclimate to Prevent Pressure Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Andriana Arfah ◽  
Saldy Yusuf ◽  
Yuliana Syam
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Pressure Injury ◽  
Online Library ◽  
The Right ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Pressure injury (PI) is still a problem in health and home care both in developing and developed countries. PI is important to prevent because it has an impact on the physical, psychological, social, and economic aspects of the patient. One of the preventions of pressure injury is to choose the right textile, therefore this literature review aims to identify the right textile and can control microclimate in preventing PI. The Method used by searching the literature of scientific publications in the time of years between 2009-2019 using database Pubmed, Science Direct, Willey Online Library, Cochrane Library dan Google Scholar, there were 2.152 articles. The results of the literature review found six articles that fit the inclusion criteria and related to the use of textiles that can control microclimate in preventing pressure injury including textiles made from synthetic fabrics of silk, polyester, and synthetic fiber. Synthetic fiber textiles are best used as bedding because they control microclimate and reduce friction that can prevent the development of pressure injury.

scholarly journals Role of Participatory Health Informatics in Detecting and Managing Pandemics: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Gabarron ◽  
Octavio Rivera-Romero ◽  
Talya Miron-Shatz ◽  
Rebecca Grainger ◽  
Kerstin Denecke
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Disease Patterns ◽  
Search Patterns

Objectives: Using participatory health informatics (PHI) to detect disease outbreaks or learn about pandemics has gained interest in recent years. However, the role of PHI in understanding and managing pandemics, citizens’ role in this context, and which methods are relevant for collecting and processing data are still unclear, as is which types of data are relevant. This paper aims to clarify these issues and explore the role of PHI in managing and detecting pandemics. Methods: Through a literature review we identified studies that explore the role of PHI in detecting and managing pandemics. Studies from five databases were screened: PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), IEEE Xplore, ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Digital Library, and Cochrane Library. Data from studies fulfilling the eligibility criteria were extracted and synthesized narratively. Results: Out of 417 citations retrieved, 53 studies were included in this review. Most research focused on influenza-like illnesses or COVID-19 with at least three papers on other epidemics (Ebola, Zika or measles). The geographic scope ranged from global to concentrating on specific countries. Multiple processing and analysis methods were reported, although often missing relevant information. The majority of outcomes are reported for two application areas: crisis communication and detection of disease outbreaks. Conclusions: For most diseases, the small number of studies prevented reaching firm conclusions about the utility of PHI in detecting and monitoring these disease outbreaks. For others, e.g., COVID-19, social media and online search patterns corresponded to disease patterns, and detected disease outbreak earlier than conventional public health methods, thereby suggesting that PHI can contribute to disease and pandemic monitoring.

1386: Role of Seminal Growth Factors in Infertile Men with Varicocele

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 365-365
Author(s):  
Tamer M. Said ◽  
Shyam Allamaneni ◽  
Kiran P. Nallella ◽  
Rakesh K. Sharma ◽  
Mohamed A. Bedaiwy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Infertile Men
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