scholarly journals Changes in Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Hepatitis C Virus in Opioid Treatment Programs

JAMA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 310 (24) ◽  
pp. 2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Bachhuber ◽  
Chinazo O. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Opioid Treatment ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Deteção da Infeção por Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana e Outras Infeções Sexualmente Transmissíveis num Grupo de Trabalhadores/as do Sexo em Contexto Indoor na Área Metropolitana do Porto

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilza Almeida ◽  
Mariana Melo ◽  
Isabel Soares ◽  
Helena Moura Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Introduction: Early diagnosis is a crucial tool for containing the human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections, particularly in key populations such as sex workers. Despite its relevance, there is a gap considering epidemiological studies and interventions aimed at the monitoring and diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections in Portugal. The objectives of this study are: (i) to contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections; and (ii) to evaluate the transfer of screening methods from clinical settings to the outreach context in hidden populations such as sex workers.Material and Methods: The screening of sexually transmitted infections (human immunodeficiency virus 1/2, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhea) were carried out in a sample of 100 sex workers during the Porto G outreach intervention in the Metropolitan area of Porto, from September 2015 to September 2016.Results: Six reactive cases for human immunodeficiency virus were identified, five of syphilis, eight of chlamydia and two of gonorrhea. No positive results were detected for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. The results were discussed considering the risk gradient and sexually transmitted infections vulnerability in the different sex workers’ subgroups.Discussion: The results of this study corroborate the need to promote comprehensive responses to populations most affected by the human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections, such as sex workers. Also, in this group, men who have sex with men and trans women have a higher prevalence than cis women. Intervention strategies should be informed by rigorous epidemiological studies.Conclusion: The adaptation of the screening methodology performed in a clinical setting to the proximity context has shown to be an innovative response in Portugal, especially in sentinel populations.

scholarly journals Shedding of Hepatitis C Virus in Semen of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Turner ◽  
Sara Gianella ◽  
Marcus J-S. Yip ◽  
Wouter O. van Seggelen ◽  
Robert D. Gillies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Abstract Background.  The epidemic of sexually transmitted hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) has been documented for over a decade. Despite this, there is no consensus as to the risk factors for sexual acquisition of HCV in these men. Methods.  We obtained paired semen and blood samples at 2-week intervals from HIV-infected MSM with recent and chronic HCV infection and quantified HCV in semen. Results.  Hepatitis C virus was quantified in 59 semen specimens from 33 men. Hepatitis C virus was shed in 16 (27%) of semen specimens from 11 (33%) of the men. Median HCV viral load (VL) in semen was 1.49 log10 IU/mL. Hepatitis C virus VL in blood was significantly higher at the time of HCV shedding in semen than when HCV shedding in semen was not detected (P = .002). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the HCV VL in blood and semen overall (rs = 0.41; P = .001), and in the subgroup with recent HCV infection (rs = 0.37; P = .02), but not in the subgroup with chronic HCV infection (rs = 0.34; P = .1). Conclusions.  One third of HIV-infected MSM coinfected with HCV shed HCV into their semen. Based on the HCV VL in semen in this study, an average ejaculate would deliver up to 6630 IU of virus into the rectum of the receptive partner. Therefore, our data strongly support that condoms should be used during anal intercourse among MSM to prevent transmission of HCV.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections among Patients Attending Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics, Regional 2, Thai land

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pipat Luksamijarulkul ◽  
Porntip Khemnak ◽  
Oranut Pacheun
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Anti Hiv

A cross-sectional study of 400 patients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics at The Venereal Diseases and AIDS Centers, Regional 2, Thailand, was conducted from January to December 1996 in order to investigate the antibody prevalence to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and to describe some epidemiological characteristics among HIV and HCV co-infected individuals. The studied patients were interviewed and their blood specimens were collected for determining anti-HIV and anti-HCV antibodies. The results revealed that the prevalence of anti-HIV among studied patients was 25%, while 7.5% were positive for anti-HCV The positivity of both antibodies present in the same individuals was 3.3% (13/400 cases). The highest prevalences of anti-HIV, anti-HCV and both antibodies were found in studied patients aged 20 years or less. Patients with primary education, or lower, had relatively higher prevalence of anti-HIV and/ or anti-HCV than those with higher level education. A relatively higher prevalence was found among commercial sex workers and labourers. Among 13 HIV and HCV co-infected individuals, there were four cases who had histories of sexual contact without condom use, but no history of parenteral contact. The rest (9/13) had histories of both parenteral contact and sexual contact without condom use. Asia Pac J Public Health 2000;12(1):41-45

Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on the Outcome of Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Ramazan Idilman ◽  
Alessandra Colantoni ◽  
Nicola De Maria ◽  
James M. Harig ◽  
David H. van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus
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