Bioinspired One Cell Culture Isolates Highly Tumorigenic and Metastatic Cancer Stem Cells Capable of Multilineage Differentiation

Detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been considered one of the best biomarkers in liquid biopsy for early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring in cancer. A major challenge of using CTCs is detecting extremely low-concentrated targets in the presence of high noise factors such as serum and hematopoietic cells. This review provides a selective overview of the recent progress in the design of microfluidic devices with optical sensing tools and their application in the detection and analysis of CTCs and their small malignant subset, circulating cancer stem cells (CCSCs). Moreover, discussion of novel strategies to analyze the differentiation of circulating cancer stem cells will contribute to an understanding of metastatic cancer, which can help clinicians to make a better assessment. We believe that the topic discussed in this review can provide brief guideline for the development of microfluidic-based optical biosensors in cancer prognosis monitoring and clinical applications.

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The Proportion of ALDEFLUOR-Positive Cancer Stem Cells Changes with Cell Culture Density Due to the Expression of Different ALDH Isoforms

Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine - Open Journal ◽

10.17140/csmmoj-2-113 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 87-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Lynn M. Opdenaker ◽

◽

Shirin R. Modara ◽

Bruce M. Boman ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cell Culture ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Culture Density

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Laminin-adherent versus suspension-non-adherent cell culture conditions for the isolation of cancer stem cells in the DAOY medulloblastoma cell line

Tumor Biology ◽

10.1007/s13277-016-5119-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (9) ◽

pp. 12359-12370 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Javier de la Rosa ◽

Ander Sáenz Antoñanzas ◽

Mehdi H. Shahi ◽

Bárbara Meléndez ◽

Juan A. Rey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cell Culture ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Cell Line ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Adherent Cell ◽

Medulloblastoma Cell ◽

Medulloblastoma Cell Line ◽

Adherent Cell Culture ◽

Cell Culture Conditions

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Withaferin A targeting both cancer stem cells and metastatic cancer stem cells in the UP-LN1 carcinoma cell model

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment ◽

10.4103/2394-4722.172008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

Shuen-Kuei Liao ◽

Lai-Lei Ting ◽

AndyShau-Bin Chou ◽

Chin-Hsuan Hsieh ◽

Shih-Chieh Hsiung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Carcinoma Cell ◽

Cell Model ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Withaferin A

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Peritoneal Metastatic Cancer Stem Cells of Gastric Cancer with Partial Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition and Enhanced Invasiveness in an Intraperitoneal Transplantation Model

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/3256538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Xiao-Hai Song ◽

Xin-Zu Chen ◽

Xiao-Long Chen ◽

Kai Liu ◽

Wei-Han Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Migration And Invasion ◽

Transplanted Tumors ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Two Generations ◽

Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition

Objectives. This preliminary study is aimed at enriching and isolating peritoneal metastatic cancer stem cells (pMCSCs) of gastric cancer and assessing their epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and invasiveness. Methods. Cancer stem cells of human gastric cancer (CSC-hGC) were previously isolated and transfected with green fluorescent protein and luciferase genes to validate the mouse model of peritoneal metastasis established via transplantation. The first and second generations ([G1] and [G2], respectively) of pMCSCs were isolated from intraperitoneally transplanted CSC-hGC (pMCSC-tGC) by spherical culture. CSC and EMT-related markers and regulators in the two generations of intraperitoneally transplanted tumors were examined by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative PCR. Cell mobility was examined by a transwell assay. Results. The nude mouse model of intraperitoneally transplanted CSC-hGC was successful in establishing sequential formation of peritoneal tumors and enrichment of pMCSCs. CD44 and CD54 were consistently expressed in the two generations of transplanted tumors. In vitro cell (migration) assays and immunocytofluorescence assays showed that in pMCSC-tGC[G2], E-cad, Survivin, and Vimentin expression was stable; α-SMA expression was decreased; and OVOL2, GRHL2, and ZEB1 expression was increased. PCR analysis indicated that in pMCSC-tGC[G2], the mRNA expression of E-cad, α-SMA, MMP9, MMP2, and Vimentin was downregulated, while that of ZEB1, OVOL2, and GRHL2 was upregulated. In vivo tumor (homing) assays and immunohistochemical assays demonstrated that in pMCSC-tGC[G2], E-cad and Snail were upregulated, while α-SMA was downregulated. The numbers of migrated and invaded pMCSC-tGC[G1] and pMCSC-tGC[G2] were significantly higher than those of CSC-hGC in migration and invasion assays. Conclusions. pMCSCs might be a specific subpopulation that can be sequentially enriched by intraperitoneal transplantation. pMCSCs exhibited a tendency towards partial mesenchymal-epithelial transition, enhancing their invasiveness during homing and the formation of peritoneal tumors. However, these preliminary findings require validation in further experiments.

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Retinal Targets ALDH Positive Cancer Stem Cell and Alters the Phenotype of Highly Metastatic Osteosarcoma Cells

Sarcoma ◽

10.1155/2015/784954 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Xiaodong Mu ◽

Stuti Patel ◽

Damel Mektepbayeva ◽

Adel Mahjoub ◽

Johnny Huard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Retinoic Acid ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Stem Cell ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Bone Sarcoma ◽

Stem Cell Marker ◽

Aldh Activity ◽

Inhibition Of Proliferation

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a cancer stem cell marker. Retinoic acid has antitumor properties, including the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation. Retinal, the precursor of retinoic acid, can be oxidized to retinoic acid by dehydrogenases, including ALDH. We hypothesized that retinal could potentially be transformed to retinoic acid with higher efficiency by cancer stem cells, due to the higher ALDH activity. We previously observed that ALDH activity is greater in highly metastatic K7M2 osteosarcoma (OS) cells than in nonmetastatic K12 OS cells. We also demonstrated that ALDH activity correlates with clinical metastases in bone sarcoma patients, suggesting that ALDH may be a therapeutic target specific to cells with high metastatic potential. Our current results demonstrated that retinal preferentially affected the phenotypes of ALDH-high K7M2 cells in contrast to ALDH-low K12 cells, which could be mediated by the more efficient transformation of retinal to retinoic acid by ALDH in K7M2 cells. Retinal treatment of highly metastatic K7M2 cells decreased their proliferation, invasion capacity, and resistance to oxidative stress. Retinal altered the expression of metastasis-related genes. These observations indicate that retinal may be used to specifically target metastatic cancer stem cells in OS.

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Metastatic Cancer Stem Cells—Quo Vadis?

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2012.197830 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 1268-1269 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Patrick C Hermann ◽

Christopher Heeschen

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Quo Vadis

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Cancer Stem Cells in the Personalized Therapy of Colorectal Cancer

10.20944/preprints201809.0434.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Athanasios Patsalias ◽

Zuzana Kozovska

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cancer Stem Cells ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Current Therapy ◽

Stem Cell Population ◽

Treatment Optimization ◽

Study Results ◽

Treatment Personalization

BACKGROUND: Treatment failure in primary as well as metastatic cancer patients, caused by chemo and radio resistance, has truncated the research for the applicability of personalized medicine. The use of stem cells and cancer stem cells in such a treatment approach will be reviewed in this study. RESULTS: CRC stem cells prove to be a promising asset for CRC treatment optimization both by serving as biomarkers for the current therapy modalities by means of treatment personalization and patient/tumor stratification, as well as in the development of targeted therapies, selective for the stem cell population. Similar conclusions are drawn, regarding mesenchymal stromal cells and their effect in CRC therapy; while resident stromal cells of tumor microenvironment seem to promote the tumorigenic and metastatic processes in addition to conferring to the chemo- and radio resistance, under certain conditions they are able to improve the treatment outcome of CRC chemotherapy, e.g. by targeted enzyme/prodrug treatment of CRC cells. CONCLUSION: This review, truncates the dynamic potential of cancer stem cells and other stem cell types in CRC treatment personalization as well as, in the improvement of current treatment approaches opting to a higher therapeutic rate, improved prognosis, survival and quality of life for CRC patients.

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