Prevalence and Sex Difference of Lumbar Disc Space Narrowing in Elderly Chinese Men and Women: Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (Hong Kong) and Osteoporotic Fractures in Women (Hong Kong) Studies

The manuscript submitted does not contain information about medical device(s)/drug(s). No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript.Study Design:A population-based radiographic study with longitudinal follow-up.Objective:To develop a quantitative index for lumbar disc space narrowing (DSN) evaluation in elderly subjects; to determine how DSN in the elderly is influenced by osteoporosis and gender.Summary of Background Data:There is paucity of research on quantitative classification of lumbar DSN based on disc areal morphometry.Methods:With the database of Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (Hong Kong) and Osteoporotic Fractures in Women (Hong Kong) Studies and those who attended the year-4 follow-up (n = 1519 for men and n = 1546 for women), data of 491 women and 592 men were randomly selected. The anterior, middle, and posterior heights, anteroposterior diameter and area of intervertebral discs (T4T5 to L4L5) were measured on lateral radiographs. Disc Area Index for Lumbar Spine (DAIL, disc area divided by the mean of the sum of square of the adjacent upper and lower vertebrae mid-height anterior-posterior diameter) was developed and compared with semi-quantitative DSN expert grading.Results:DAIL correlated with semi-quantitative grading, with sensitivity and specificity varying from 87.3% to 96.8% for grade-1 DSN (<30% reduction in disc height), and 92.9 % to 100% for grade-3 DSN (>60% reduction in disc height). The thoracolumbar disc area loss among men and women during 4-years’ follow-up period varied between 1.32% and 3.56%, and it was greater for women (mean: 2.44%) than for men (mean: 1.90%, p=0.044). Majority of lumbar DSN progressions during 72 to 76 years old were progression from normal disc space to grade-1DSN. Osteoporosis was associated with greater disc area decrease, both for thoracic and lumbar discs.Conclusion:Lumbar DSN can be quantified using DAIL. In elderly Chinese, intervertebral disc narrowing over a 4-year period was greater in women than men, and associated with the presence of osteoporosis.

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Prevalence and risk factors of radiographic vertebral fractures in elderly Chinese men and women: results of Mr. OS (Hong Kong) and Ms. OS (Hong Kong) studies

Osteoporosis International ◽

10.1007/s00198-012-2040-8 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 877-885 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

A. W. L. Kwok ◽

J-S. Gong ◽

Y-X. J. Wang ◽

J. C. S. Leung ◽

T. Kwok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Vertebral Fractures ◽

Men And Women ◽

Chinese Men ◽

Elderly Chinese

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The Health Consequences of Vertebral Deformity in Elderly Chinese Men and Women

Calcified Tissue International ◽

10.1007/s002239900480 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

E. M. C. Lau ◽

J. Woo ◽

H. Chan ◽

M. K. F. Chan ◽

J. Griffith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vertebral Deformity ◽

Health Consequences ◽

Men And Women ◽

Chinese Men ◽

Elderly Chinese

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Bone mineral density enhances use of clinical risk factors in predicting ten-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in Chinese men: the Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study

Osteoporosis International ◽

10.1007/s00198-010-1490-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 2799-2807 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

C. H. Bow ◽

S. W. Y. Tsang ◽

C. H. N. Loong ◽

C. S. S. Soong ◽

S. C. Yeung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Clinical Risk Factors ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Chinese Men ◽

Clinical Risk

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Association Between Calcium Regulatory Hormones and Other Factors and Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Chinese Men and Women

Journal of Gerontology ◽

10.1093/geronj/49.4.m189 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. M189-M194 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. Woo ◽

E. Lau ◽

R. Swaminathan ◽

D. MacDonald ◽

E. Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Men And Women ◽

Chinese Men ◽

Elderly Chinese

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Bone mineral density enhances use of clinical risk factors in predicting ten-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in Chinese men: The Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.104 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. S366-S367

Author(s):

Cora Hingyee Bow ◽

Shirley W.Y. Tsang ◽

Sze Sze Soong ◽

Siu Ching Yeung ◽

Annie W.C. Kung

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Clinical Risk Factors ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Chinese Men ◽

Clinical Risk

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Age at Menarche, the Leg Length to Sitting Height Ratio, and Risk of Diabetes in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Men and Women

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0030625 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e30625 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Baqiyyah N. Conway ◽

Xiao-Ou Shu ◽

Xianglan Zhang ◽

Yong-Bing Xiang ◽

Hui Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age At Menarche ◽

Leg Length ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Men And Women ◽

Chinese Men ◽

Sitting Height ◽

Elderly Chinese

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Novel genetic variants associated with lumbar disc degeneration in northern Europeans: a meta-analysis of 4600 subjects

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201551 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1141-1148 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Frances M K Williams ◽

Aruna T Bansal ◽

Joyce B van Meurs ◽

Jordana T Bell ◽

Ingrid Meulenbelt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Disc Degeneration ◽

Lumbar Disc ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Low Back ◽

Lumbar Disc Degeneration ◽

Disc Space Narrowing ◽

Disc Space ◽

Genome Wide

ObjectiveLumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is an important cause of low back pain, which is a common and costly problem. LDD is characterised by disc space narrowing and osteophyte growth at the circumference of the disc. To date, the agnostic search of the genome by genome-wide association (GWA) to identify common variants associated with LDD has not been fruitful. This study is the first GWA meta-analysis of LDD.MethodsWe have developed a continuous trait based on disc space narrowing and osteophytes growth which is measurable on all forms of imaging (plain radiograph, CT scan and MRI) and performed a meta-analysis of five cohorts of Northern European extraction each having GWA data imputed to HapMap V.2.ResultsThis study of 4600 individuals identified four single nucleotide polymorphisms with p<5×10−8, the threshold set for genome-wide significance. We identified a variant in the PARK2 gene (p=2.8×10−8) associated with LDD. Differential methylation at one CpG island of the PARK2 promoter was observed in a small subset of subjects (β=8.74×10−4, p=0.006).ConclusionsLDD accounts for a considerable proportion of low back pain and the pathogenesis of LDD is poorly understood. This work provides evidence of association of the PARK2 gene and suggests that methylation of the PARK2 promoter may influence degeneration of the intervertebral disc. This gene has not previously been considered a candidate in LDD and further functional work is needed on this hitherto unsuspected pathway.

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