scholarly journals Spontaneous synchronous network activity in the neonatal development of mPFC in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johny Pires ◽  
Rosalie Nelissen ◽  
Huibert D. Mansvelder ◽  
Rhiannon M. Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Network Activity ◽  
Neonatal Development ◽  
Synchronous Network

scholarly journals Neuromodulation of astrocytic K+ clearance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Bellot-Saez ◽  
Orsolya Kékesi ◽  
Yuval Ben-Abu ◽  
John W. Morley ◽  
Yossi Buskila
Keyword(s):  
Network Activity ◽  
Oscillatory Behaviour ◽  
Kir Channels ◽  
Neuronal Network Activity ◽  
Synergistic Mechanism ◽  
Synchronous Network ◽  
Clearance Process ◽  
Spatial Buffering ◽  
Parallel Activation ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTPotassium homeostasis is a fundamental requirement for normal brain function. Therefore, effective removal of excessive K+ accumulation from the synaptic cleft during neuronal activity is paramount. Astrocytes, one of the most common subtype of glial cells in the brain, play a key role in K+ clearance from the extracellular milieu using various mechanisms, including uptake via Kir channels and the Na+-K+ ATPase, and spatial buffering through the astrocytic gap-junction coupled network. Recently we showed that alterations in the concentrations of extracellular potassium ([K+]°) or impairments of the astrocytic clearance mechanism effect the resonance and oscillatory behaviour of both individual and networks of neurons recorded from C57/BL6 mice of both sexes. These results indicate that astrocytes have the potential to modulate neuronal network activity, however the cellular effectors that may affect the astrocytic K+ clearance process are still unknown. In this study, we have investigated the impact of neuromodulators, which are known to mediate changes in network oscillatory behaviour, on the astrocytic clearance process. Our results suggest that some neuromodulators (5-HT; NA) affect astrocytic spatial buffering via gap-junctions, while others (DA; Histamine) affect the uptake mechanism via Kir channels. These results suggest that neuromodulators can affect network oscillatory activity through parallel activation of both neurons and astrocytes, establishing a synergistic mechanism to recruitment of neurons into ensamble of networks to maximise the synchronous network activity.Significance statementNeuromodulators are known to mediate changes in network oscillatory behaviour and thus impact on brain states. In this study we show that certain neuromodulators directly affect distinct stages of astrocytic K+ clearance, promoting neuronal excitability and network oscillations through parallel activation of both neurons and astrocytes, thus establishing a synergistic mechanism to maximise the synchronous network activity.

scholarly journals Olfactory-driven beta band entrainment of limbic circuitry during neonatal development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna K. Kostka ◽  
Ileana L. Hanganu-Opatz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Neonatal Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Olfactory Processing ◽  
Beta Frequency

ABSTRACTCognitive processing relies on the functional refinement of the limbic circuitry during the first two weeks of life. During this developmental period, when most sensory systems are still immature, the sense of olfaction acts as “door to the world”, providing the main source of environmental inputs. However, it is unknown whether early olfactory processing shapes the development of the limbic circuitry. Here, we address this question by combining simultaneous in vivo recordings from the olfactory bulb (OB), lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), hippocampus (HP), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) with opto- and chemogenetic manipulations of mitral/tufted cells (M/TCs) in the OB of non-anesthetized neonatal mice. We show that the neonatal OB synchronizes the limbic circuity in beta frequency range. Moreover, it drives neuronal and network activity in LEC, as well as subsequently, HP and PFC via long-range projections from mitral cells (MCs) to HP-projecting LEC neurons. Thus, OB activity controls the communications within limbic circuits during neonatal development.

Spontaneous Development of Synchronous Oscillatory Activity During Maturation of Cortical Networks In Vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 2196-2206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thoralf Opitz ◽  
Ana D. De Lima ◽  
Thomas Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Reversal Potential ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Cortical Networks ◽  
Synchronous Network

Recent studies have focused attention on mechanisms of spontaneous large-scale wavelike activity during early development of the neocortex. In this study, we describe and characterize synchronous neuronal activity that occurs in cultured cortical networks naturally without pharmacological intervention. The synchronous activity that can be detected by means of Fluo-3 fluorescence imaging starts to develop at the beginning of the second week in culture and eventually includes the entire neuronal population about 1 wk later. A synchronous increase of [Ca2+]i in the neuronal population is associated with a burst of action potentials riding on a long-lasting depolarization recorded in a single cell. It is suggested that this depolarization results directly from synaptic current, which was comprised of at least three different components mediated by AMPA, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), and GABAA receptors. We never observed a gradually depolarizing pacemaker potential and found no evidence for a change of excitability during inter-burst periods. However, we found evidence for a period of synaptic depression after bursts. Network excitability recovers gradually over seconds from this depression that can explain the episodic nature of spontaneous network activity. Using pharmacological manipulation to investigate the propagation of activity in the network, we show that synchronous network activity depends on both glutamatergic and GABAAergic neurotransmission during a brief period. Reversal potential of GABAA receptor-mediated current was found to be significantly more positive than resting membrane potential both at 1 and 2 wk in culture, suggesting depolarizing action of GABA. However, in cultures older than 2 wk, inhibition of GABAAreceptors does not result in block of synchronous network activity but in modulation of burst width and frequency.

Effects of Synaptic Depression and Recovery on Synchronous Network Activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Swiercz ◽  
Krzysztof Cios ◽  
Jennifer Hellier ◽  
Audrey Yee ◽  
Kevin Staley
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Depression ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Synchronous Network

scholarly journals Distinct Synchronous Network Activity During the Second Postnatal Week of Medial Entorhinal Cortex Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Dawitz ◽  
Tim Kroon ◽  
J. J. Johannes Hjorth ◽  
Huib D. Mansvelder ◽  
Rhiannon M. Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Medial Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Synchronous Network

Interactions between network synchrony and the dynamics of neuronal threshold

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 2926-2936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avner Wallach ◽  
Shimon Marom
Keyword(s):  
Single Neuron ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Threshold Dynamics ◽  
Synchronous Activity ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Synchronous Network ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Impact

Synchronous activity impacts on a range of functional brain capacities in health and disease. To address the interrelations between cellular level activity and network-wide synchronous events, we implemented in vitro a recently introduced technique, the response clamp, which enables online monitoring of single neuron threshold dynamics while ongoing network synchronous activity continues uninterrupted. We show that the occurrence of a synchronous network event causes a significant biphasic change in the single neuron threshold. These threshold dynamics are correlated across the neurons constituting the network and are entailed by the input to the neurons rather than by their own spiking (i.e., output) activity. The magnitude of network activity during a synchronous event is correlated with the threshold state of individual neurons at the event's onset. Recovery from the impact of a given synchronous event on the neuronal threshold lasts several seconds and seems to be a key determinant of the time to the next spontaneously occurring synchronous event. Moreover, the neuronal threshold is shown to be correlated with the excitability dynamics of the entire network. We conclude that the relations between the two levels (network activity and the single neuron threshold) should be thought of in terms that emphasize their interactive nature.

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