Measurement of oil film thickness in big-end bearings and its relevance to engine oil viscosity classifications

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Bates ◽  
M. A. Vickars
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Oil Film

Experimental Investigation of Oil Accumulation in Second Land of Internal Combustion Engines

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
T. Icoz ◽  
Z. Dursunkaya
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Piston Cylinder ◽  
Total Oil

Blowback of engine oil suspended in combustion gases, when the gas flows from the piston second land back into the combustion chamber, is believed to contribute to oil consumption and hydrocarbon emissions in internal combustion engines. Oil accumulation in the region between top and second compression rings is a factor that influences this phenomenon. The effects of individual parameters, such as oil film thickness and viscosity, however, have still not been understood. The present study was aimed at constructing an experimental setup to study the effect of oil film thickness on oil accumulation in the second land of internal combustion engines. Due to the inherent difficulties of experimentation on production engines, a modeled piston-cylinder assembly was constructed. Total oil accumulation in the modeled second land after a single piston stroke was measured and compared to oil consumption in operating engines.

Development of a Laser Fluorescence Technique For Measuring Piston Ring Oil Film Thickness

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Fluorescence Technique ◽  
Thickness Change ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Cylinder Sleeve

A single cylinder engine equipped with a transparent cylinder sleeve has been used to develop a technique to make visual investigations of piston ring lubrication behavior and engine oil loss mechanism. This paper describes this apparatus and the development of a laser excited oil fluorescence technique for measuring the oil film thickness change between the piston rings and the transparent cylinder sleeve wall. The amount of oil accumulated in the piston-cylinder clearance spaces above and below the ring pack, and those in the inter-ring spaces, can also be observed. Preliminary results showing oil fluorescence light intensity traces indicate that this technique works very well. Quantitative oil film thickness data should be readily obtainable from these traces once the fluorescent light intensity is calibrated.

A Study on Measurement of Conformability of the Piston Oil Ring on the Cylinder Bore Under Engine Operating Condition by LIF Method Using Optical Fiber

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akemi Ito ◽  
Kazuya Mochiduki ◽  
Koji Kikuhara ◽  
Masatsugu Inui ◽  
Hirotaka Akamatsu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Sliding Surface ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Ring Groove ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Engine Operating Condition ◽  
Cylinder Bore

Engine oil consumption must be reduced for reducing exhaust gas emissions. It is well known that a cylinder bore shape under engine operating condition affects oil consumption. This study aimed clarifying the conformability of an oil ring against the distorted cylinder bore. Oil film thickness at the sliding surface of oil ring upper and lower rails was successfully measured by LIF method using optical fiber, which was embedded in the oil ring. The piston motion was also measured and compared with measured oil film thickness. It was found that the piston tilting motion affected oil film thickness hence its conformability. It was also found that thicker oil film was found at the following rail than that at former rail, and it was suggested that oil was supplied to the following rail from not only the sliding surface of the former ring but also somewhere, for example, the oil ring groove.

An analytical study of tribological parameters between piston ring and cylinder liner in internal combustion engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali ◽  
Hou Xianjun ◽  
Richard Fiifi Turkson ◽  
Muhammad Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Ring Assembly ◽  
Ring Dynamics ◽  
Tribological Parameters

This paper presents a model to study the effect of piston ring dynamics on basic tribological parameters that affect the performance of internal combustion engines by using dynamics analysis software (AVL Excite Designer). The paramount tribological parameters include friction force, frictional power losses, and oil film thickness of piston ring assembly. The piston and rings assembly is one of the highest mechanically loaded components in engines. Relevant literature reports that the piston ring assembly accounts for 40% to 50% of the frictional losses, making it imperative for the piston ring dynamics to be understood thoroughly. This analytical study of the piston ring dynamics describes the significant correlation between the tribological parameters of piston and rings assembly and the performance of engines. The model was able to predict the effects of engine speed and oil viscosity on asperity and hydrodynamic friction forces, power losses, oil film thickness and lube oil consumption. This model of mixed film lubrication of piston rings is based on the hydrodynamic action described by Reynolds equation and dry contact action as described by the Greenwood–Tripp rough surface asperity contact model. The results in the current analysis demonstrated that engine speed and oil viscosity had a remarkable effect on oil film thickness and hydrodynamic friction between the rings and cylinder liner. Hence, the mixed lubrication model, which unifies the lubricant flow under different ring–liner gaps, is needed via the balance between the hydrodynamic and boundary lubrication modes to obtain minimum friction between rings and liner and to ultimately help in improving the performance of engines.

Lubrication Capacity of Gears of Circular-Arc Tooth-Profile

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awny Y. Attia ◽  
Ahmed M. M. El-Bahloul
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Load Carrying

The paper presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out at Mansoura University Laboratories aiming at studying the effect of change of speed, oil viscosity, and helix angle on the load carrying capacity of the oil film. A three pairs of test gears of 6 DP, 91.5 mm pitch diameter with 22.3, 33.6 and 42.25 deg helix angles were run in power circulating test rig at 100 to 3000 r.p.m. speeds and transmitting tooth load ranging from 185 to 1090 Kp. The test gears were lubricated with oils of 200, 462, and 653 cSt at 40°C kinematic viscosities. The oil film thicknesses between contacting teeth were measured by measuring the changes in capacitance between test gears and transferred to linear dimensions by calibration curves drawn by knowing the changes in capacitance through the gaps between teeth of values known through the amount of backlash. The experimental results show that; Oil film thickness decreases with tooth load, while increases with speed and viscosity of the lubricant. Oil film thickness versus helix angle give an inversed parabola for the smallest and medium tooth loads, while oil film thickness decreases with increasing the helix angle under increased tooth loads. Load carrying capacity increases with speeds and viscosity of the lubricant while decreases with increasing the helix angle.

Paper 3: Lubrication of Rollers with Oils Containing Polymers

1966 ◽  
Vol 181 (15) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
G. M. Hamilton ◽  
W. G. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Inlet Region ◽  
Thickness Measurements

The shear stresses in an elastohydrodynamic oil film have been calculated. In the inlet region they are of the order of 107 and in the outlet 109 dyn/cm2. While such stresses do not affect mineral oils they are liable to cause breakdown of polymers in multigrade oils. To test this film thickness measurements were carried out in a four-disc machine with a range of polymer solutions. It was found that the degree of viscosity loss varied greatly; some polymer solutions showed no loss whilst others merely exhibited their base oil viscosity. By measuring the viscosity of samples scraped from the disc surfaces it was possible to divide the observed viscosity loss into permanent and temporary components.

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