The Gas Proportional Scintillation Counter as a Room-Temperature Detector for Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

1982 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. N. Conde ◽  
L. F. Requicha Ferreira ◽  
A. J. de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Detector

The Gas Proportional Scintillation Counter as a Room-Temperature Detector For Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. N. Conde ◽  
L. F. Requicha Ferreira ◽  
A. J. de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Detector ◽  
Portable Instruments ◽  
Physical Principles

AbstractA review of the basic physical principles of the gas proportional scintillation counter is presented. Its performance is discussed and compared with that of other room-temperature detectors in regard to applications to portable instruments for energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. It is concluded that the gas proportional scintillation counter is definitely superior to all other room-temperature detectors, except the mercuric iodide (HgI2) detector. For large areas or soft X-rays it is also superior to the HgI2 detector.

X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis at Room Temperature with an Energy Dispersive Mercuric Iodide Spectrometer

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
M. Singh ◽  
A.J. Dabrowski ◽  
G.C. Huth ◽  
J.S. Iwanczyk ◽  
B.C. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Cryogenic Cooling ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Entrance Window ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Present Design

We have previously reported on the uniqueness and potential of room-temperature spectrometry of low-energy x-rays with a mercuric iodide (HgI2) detector (1,2,3). In this paper we emphasize the use of HgI2 detectors for x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis.Because no vacuum plumbing or cryogenic cooling is required, the design of a mercuric iodide room-temperature x-ray spectrometer is extremely simple. Our present design consists of coupling a detector directly to the first-stage FET in a modified Tennelec 161 D preamplifier and making the configuration “light-tight”. Aside from providing a suitable entrance window, there are no other requirements for routine spectroscopy.

X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis at Room Temperature with an Energy Dispersive Mercuric Iodide Spectrometer (1)

1980 ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Singh ◽  
A. J. Dabrowski ◽  
G. C. Huth ◽  
J. S. Iwanczyk ◽  
B. C. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
X Ray

X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Alloy and Stainless Steels Using a Mercuric Iodide Detector*

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Warren C. Kelliher ◽  
W. Gene Maddox
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Mercuric Iodide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Temperature Detector

Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been used extensively for some time now to do accurate and rapid analysis of a variety of samples. Most XRF Systems today use cryogenically cooled Si(Li) detectors to obtain the resolution needed for analysis of samples containing several elements. The need for the cryogenic coolant results in these XRP systems being rather large and not readily adaptable to portable devices. Detectors that require no cooling, or at least require only cooling obtainable by electrical weans, offer a definite advantage over cryogenically cooled detectors for use in portable devices. Mercuric iodide (HgI2) detectors are one type of such room-temperature detectors. The major disadvantage of any room-temperature detector has been the poor eneygy resolution associated with them.

Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analysis as a Rapid Method for Identifying Tephras

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Cormie ◽  
D. E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Bulk Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
White River ◽  
Routine Identification ◽  
Weathering Effects ◽  
Mount St Helens

AbstractThe use of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (XES) for the routine identification of three tephras (Mazama, Bridge River, Mount St. Helens Yn) commonly found in archeological sites in British Columbia has been investigated. Researchers have often assumed that chemical analysis of bulk samples of glass separates would be hampered by contamination and weathering effects. Our results indicate that XES of bulk glass separates provides a very reliable method for rapidly identifying the three tephras in question, even with a very simple sample preparation. This should enable persons not skilled in geology or in tephrochronology to collect and to identify samples of these tephras. Finally, as a part of the study, similar measurements were made on the separated glass portions of these three tephras and of three others (Glacier Peak B and G, White River) from northwest North America. The results suggest that this method may provide tephrochronologists with a useful additional tool for studying tephras in other regions.

Identification of Nd163 phase in melt-textured NdBa2Cu3O7−δ bulk samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2050-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Gombos ◽  
Vicente Gomis ◽  
Anna Esther Carrillo ◽  
Antonio Vecchione ◽  
Sandro Pace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, we report on the observation of Nd1Ba6Cu3O10,5 (Nd163) phase of the NdBaCuO system in melt-textured Nd123 bulk samples grown from a mixture of Nd123 and Nd210 phase powders. The observation was performed with polarized light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive x-ray analyses. Images of the identified phase crystals show an aspect quite different from Nd422 crystals. Unexpectedly, Nd163 was individuated, even in “pure” Nd123 samples. Moreover, after long exposure to air, Nd163 disappeared completely in samples synthesized from powders containing Nd210. Thermogravimetry analyses of powders show that the stability of this phase in air is limited to temperatures higher than 900 °C, so Nd163 is unstable and highly reactive at room temperature. Moreover, an explanation of the observation of Nd163 in Nd210 free samples, based on the spontaneous formation of Nd163 phase in a Nd123 melt, is proposed.

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