Central Nervous Influence upon the Adrenocortical Reaction during Stress Situations

Author(s):  
K. Murgaš ◽  
V. Jonec
Keyword(s):  
2000 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. LORD ◽  
R. R. SENIOR ◽  
M. DAS ◽  
A. M. WHITTAM ◽  
A. MURRAY ◽  
...  

Heart rate variability is a measure of autonomic nervous influence on the heart. It has been suggested that it could be used to detect autonomic reinnervation to the transplanted heart, but the reproducibility of the measurement is unknown. In the present study, 21 cardiac transplant recipients and 21 normal subjects were recruited. Three measurements of heart rate variability were performed during the day: in the morning, in the early afternoon and in the late afternoon. These tests were then repeated 1 week later and then again 1 week after that, making nine tests in all. The within-subject S.D. was 0.49 log units in normal subjects and 0.79 log units in transplant recipients. In both cases, this is about 15% of the population range. There was significant variation in heart rate variability between different times of day in both groups, and from day to day in transplant recipients. It was concluded that the reproducibility of measurements of heart rate variability is low, and that differences between measurements performed at different times of day should be interpreted with caution.


Microsurgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Wadström ◽  
Bengt Gerdin

1814 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 583-586

That the pulsations of the arteries correspond in their frequency with the contractions of the left ventricle of the heart, is universally admitted; and those pulsations continuing in the arteries after the limb to which they belong is rendered paralytic, has led to the belief, that all arterial action is independent of nervous influence. The object of the present Paper is to shew that the nerves which accompany the arteries regulate their actions, and it is through their agency that the blood is distributed in different proportions to the different parts of the body.


1847 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  

In my third memoir upon Induced Contractions, published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1845, at p. 303, after having discussed at length the various hypotheses which appear to offer an explanation of this phenomenon, I was led to conclude that it was due to nervous influence acting through the muscle during contraction; that, in a word, it was to be referred to a kind of nervous induction. In effect, I de­tailed a number of experiments in that memoir, which prove that there is never any manifestation of the signs of an electric current during the contraction of the muscles; thus in exciting contractions in one of my piles composed of muscular elements, in which the circuit was completed by the galvanometer, the signs of the muscular cur­rent were never perceived to increase. Finally, I have shown that the induced con­traction is propagated through a coating of turpentine, which is of a nature suffi­ciently insulating to arrest the passage of any electric current. I was therefore warranted in deducing from these phenomena that in the muscles which contracted, and so produced the induced contractions, there was never any elec­tric current generated, and that therefore the induced contraction could not be ex­plained by a reference to any such agency.


Former experiments having shown that when the functions of the brain are destroyed the secretory organs invariably ceased to perform their office, and consequently that the various secretions were pro­bably dependent on nervous influence, it appeared desirable to ascer­tain this point by dividing the nervous branches by which some one gland is supplied, and observing the effect. But on account of the difficulty of the operation itself, and of the injury done to adjacent parts, it appears extremely difficult to determine the real influence of the nerves in the natural state of all the functions. There are, how­ever, some experiments on the preternatural secretion excited by the action of arsenic, and its interruption by division of the nerves, which the author thinks may deserve to be recorded as tending to elucidate so important a subject. Mr. Brodie had formerly observed in dogs poisoned by arsenic, a very copious secretion of mucus and watery fluid from the coats of the stomach and intestines, and so rapidly excited, that he conceived this to be a favourable instance for observing the effect of dividing those nerves which supply the stomach.


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