Human Lymphocyte Metaphase Chromosome Preparation for Radiation-Induced Chromosome Aberration Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamitsu A. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Preparation ◽  
Radiation Induced

In Vitro Genotoxicity and Molecular Docking Study of Ellagic Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1072-1082
Author(s):  
Tuba C. Dördü ◽  
Rüştü Hatipoğlu ◽  
Mehmet Topaktaş ◽  
Erman S. İstifli
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Nuclear Division

Background: Ellagic Acid (EA) is a polyphenolic compound that is classified in the natural antioxidants group. Polyphenolic compounds that exert antioxidant activity possess particular importance for scientists, food producers and consumers due to their positive effects on human health. However, despite considerable evidence that EA shows antigenotoxic activity by binding to DNA, there is no systematic genotoxicity study of this substance, which can covalently bind to DNA. This study aims to reveal the possible genotoxic activity of EA using widely accepted assays for the assessment of DNA clastogenic activity: sister chromatid exchange, chromosome aberration, micronucleus and comet assays as well as to predict the interactions among EA and DNA through molecular docking. Methods: Different assays were carried out to identify the clastogenic activity of EA on human lymphocyte DNA using Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE), Chromosome Aberration (CA), Micronucleus (MN) and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE/comet) assays. For this aim, human peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with EA (60, 80 and 100 μg/ml) for 24 and 48 hrs in the SCE, CA and MN assays and for 1 hr in the comet assay. Furthermore, molecular docking experiments were also performed to calculate the binding energy of EA on human B-DNA structure (B-DNA dodecamer) as well as to predict noncovalent interactions among these macromolecules. Results: At the concentrations and treatment times (24- or 48-hr) tested, EA did not induce either SCE or Chromosome Aberrations (CAs) as compared to the negative and solvent controls. Although EA slightly increased the percentage of Micronucleated Binuclear (%MNBN) cells as well as the percentage of Micronucleus (%MN) in 24 or 48-hr treatment periods at all concentrations, this increase was not statistically significant as compared to both controls. The effect of EA on DNA replication (nuclear division) was determined by the Proliferation Index (PI), the Nuclear Division Index (NDI) and the Mitotic Index (MI). No statistically significant differences were observed in the PI or NDI in 24- or 48-hr treatment periods in human lymphocyte cultures treated with EA at various concentrations. EA generally had no significant effect on the MI, as observed with the PI and NDI. Discussion: Although the concentrations of 60 and 80 μg/mL at a 24-hr treatment period and the concentrations of 60 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL at 48-hr treatment period generally decreased the MI, those decreases were not statistically significant when compared to negative and solvent controls. Moreover, none of the concentrations of EA tested in this study were able to increase DNA damage determined by the tail DNA length, %DNA in tail and tail moment parameters in the comet assay. Although the amount of DNA damage in the comet assay decreased with increasing concentrations of EA, this decrease was not statistically significant as compared to both controls. However, molecular docking experiments interestingly showed that the binding free energy of EA with B-DNA was -7.84 kcal/mol-1, indicating a strong interaction between the two molecules. Conclusion : Although the findings of our study show that EA does not have genotoxic potential in human chromosomes, molecular docking experiments revealed strong hydrogen bonding between EA and B-DNA molecules. Therefore, it has been proposed that the prevailing information suggesting that the molecules that bind to DNA cause genotoxic effects should be reconsidered from a wider perspective.

Screening of Ten Plant Species for Metaphase Chromosome Preparation in Adult Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) Using an Inoculation Technique

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jitpakdi ◽  
W. Choochote ◽  
D. Insun ◽  
P. Tippawangkosol ◽  
P. Keha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Preparation ◽  
Inoculation Technique

Bamboo leaf extract ameliorates radiation induced genotoxicity: An in vitro study of chromosome aberration assay.

2021 ◽  
pp. 100528
Author(s):  
Shikha Tewari ◽  
Mansi Patel ◽  
Abhipsa VF Debnath ◽  
Priti Mehta ◽  
Snehal Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Assay ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Study of Indicators for Early and Rapid Diagnosis of Radiation Injury Is the Most Important in Patients With Cancer During Radiotherapy

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932582091336
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Li-Mei Niu ◽  
Li-Qin Wang ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
Xiao-Qin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cell ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Radiation Induced

Objective: To establish a complete technical solution for the radiation biological dose estimation, to enable prediction of individuals’ response to radiotherapy (RT), and to control treatment dose for reduced irradiation injury and promote repair; and to evaluate the risk of radiation-induced late effects for patients undergoing external photon beam RT and provide the reliable dose–response relationships. Methods: Select 49 tumor patients using 60Co and linear accelerator for radiation therapy; initial radiation dose was 250 cGy. Chromosome aberration and blood count were analyzed before radiation therapy and 2 hours after the first day of RT. Results: Two hours after the first day of RT, peripheral blood cell count of lymphocytes of patients with cancer was significantly decreased ( P < .01). The frequency of chromosome aberration was higher ( P < .01). Conclusion: High-dose radiation of the radiation therapy makes significant injuries to peripheral blood lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Comparison of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage between Conventional and Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökhan Gökalp ◽  
Serkan Ünlü ◽  
Aylin Elkama ◽  
Alican Yalçın ◽  
Mustafa Cemri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Imaging Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Flash Technique ◽  
Effective Radiation

Abstract Purpose: Conventional coronary angiography (CCA) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are the most frequently used imaging modalities to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD). The amount of radiation and genotoxic damages of these imaging methods showed variation with the improved technology. Thus we sought to compare the ionizing radiation doses and radiation-induced DNA damage in patients who were performed CCA and CCTA.Methods: 76 patients (39 in CCA group, 37 in CCTA group) were enrolled. Patients undergoing CCTA were grouped according to the use of flash technique (22 patients with CCTA-flash, 15 patients with CCTA-other). The effective radiation dose was recorded. Genotoxicity was compared with chromosome aberration test before and after imaging methods.Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in effective radiation doses given to patients. Radiation was lowest in the CCTA-flash group, followed by CCA, and non-flash CCTA group. There was no change in chromosome aberration rate after CCTA-flash group (p = 0.479). There was a significant increase in chromosome aberration rates after CCA and CCTA-other groups (CCA: p = 0.001; CCTA-other: p = 0.01). Conclusions: CTA which was taken with flash technique in dual-energy CT devices delivers lower dose radiation compared to other groups. Due to this significant difference, radiation-induced genetic damage was significantly less in patients with CCTA undergoing flash technique.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document