Basic Biology of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias: Focus on the Role of the Tumor Microenviroment

Immunotherapy represents a promising new avenue for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, particularly with the availability of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) as anti-CD38 Daratumumab and Isatuximab and anti-SLAM-F7 Elotuzumab. Although a clear NK activation has been demonstrated for Elotuzumab, the effect of anti-CD38 mAbs on NK system is controversial. As a matter of fact, an initial reduction of NK cells number characterizes Daratumumab therapy, limiting the potential role of this subset on myeloma immunotherapy. In this paper we discuss the role of NK cells along with anti-CD38 therapy and their implication in plasma cell dyscrasias, showing that mechanisms triggered by anti-CD38 mAbs ultimately lead to the activation of the immune system against myeloma cell growth.

Download Full-text

Kidney disease associated with plasma cell dyscrasias

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2010-03-258608 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 116 (9) ◽

pp. 1397-1404 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Eliot C. Heher ◽

Nelson B. Goes ◽

Thomas R. Spitzer ◽

Noopur S. Raje ◽

Benjamin D. Humphreys ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kidney Disease ◽

Plasma Cell ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Light Chains ◽

Free Light Chains ◽

Monoclonal Immunoglobulin ◽

Plasma Cell Dyscrasias ◽

Made In

Plasma cell dyscrasias are frequently encountered malignancies often associated with kidney disease through the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig). Paraproteins can cause a remarkably diverse set of pathologic patterns in the kidney and recent progress has been made in explaining the molecular mechanisms of paraprotein-mediated kidney injury. Other recent advances in the field include the introduction of an assay for free light chains and the use of novel antiplasma cell agents that can reverse renal failure in some cases. The role of stem cell transplantation, plasma exchange, and kidney transplantation in the management of patients with paraprotein-related kidney disease continues to evolve.

Download Full-text

Defining the Role of Renal Transplantation in the Modern Management of Multiple Myeloma and Other Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Nephron ◽

10.1159/000341760 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. c228-c235 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tarun Bansal ◽

Anshu Garg ◽

John A. Snowden ◽

William McKane

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Transplantation ◽

Plasma Cell ◽

Modern Management ◽

Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Download Full-text

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pathogenesis, Biology, and Treatment of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.741376 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Marcin Jasiński ◽

Jarosław Biliński ◽

Grzegorz W. Basak

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Plasma Cell ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Faecal Microbiota ◽

Myeloma Cells ◽

Risk Of Progression ◽

Plasma Cell Dyscrasias ◽

Refractory Malignancy

In response to emerging discoveries, questions are mounting as to what factors are responsible for the progression of plasma cell dyscrasias and what determines responsiveness to treatment in individual patients. Recent findings have shown close interaction between the gut microbiota and multiple myeloma cells. For instance, that malignant cells shape the composition of the gut microbiota. We discuss the role of the gut microbiota in (i) the development and progression of plasma cell dyscrasias, and (ii) the response to treatment of multiple myeloma and highlight faecal microbiota transplantation as a procedure that could modify the risk of progression or sensitize refractory malignancy to immunotherapy.

Download Full-text