The Difficulties in Usability Testing of 3-Dimensional Software Applying Eye-Tracking Methodology – Presented via Two Case Studies of Evaluation of Digital Human Modelling Software

2020 ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
Mária Babicsné-Horváth ◽  
Károly Hercegfi
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Human Modelling ◽  
Digital Human

Ergonomic evaluation of work table for waste sorting tasks using digital human modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 103146
Author(s):  
Francis J. Emmatty ◽  
Vinay V. Panicker ◽  
K.C. Baradwaj
Keyword(s):  
Human Modelling ◽  
Sorting Tasks ◽  
Digital Human ◽  
Work Table ◽  
Ergonomic Evaluation

School combo-desk comfort assessment: A method for weighing postural factors that affect the overall perceived comfort

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (s1) ◽  
pp. S47-S57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Califano ◽  
Marianeve Cecco ◽  
Giuseppina De Cunzo ◽  
Nicoletta Napolitano ◽  
Emanuela Rega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Statistical Correlations ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
General Law ◽  
Human Modelling ◽  
Comfort Perception ◽  
Postural Analysis ◽  
Digital Human

BACKGROUND: In recent years, a growing interest in ergonomics and comfort perception in secondary schools and universities can be detected, to go beyond the UNI-EN regulations and understanding how practically improve students’ perceived comfort during lessons. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyse the (dis)comfort perceived by students while sitting in a combo-desk during lessons; it proposed a method for understanding and weighing the influence of postural factors on overall (dis)comfort. METHODS: Twenty healthy students performed a random combination of three different tasks in two sessions - listening, reading on a tablet and writing. Subjective perceptions were investigated through questionnaires, in which the expected and the overall comfort were evaluated; postural angles were gathered by processing photos through Kinovea® software and were used for the virtual-postural analysis, using a DHM (Digital Human Modelling) software; statistical analysis was used to investigate the influence of subjective comfort of each body part on the overall perceived comfort. RESULTS: The statistical correlations were used to perform an optimization problem in order to create a general law to formulate the overall comfort function, for each task, as a weighted sum of the comfort perceived in each body part. The test procedure, additionally, evaluated the influence on comfort over time. The results showed how the upper back and the task-related upper limb are the most influencing factors in the overall comfort perception. CONCLUSIONS: The paper revealed a precise and straightforward analysis method that can be easily repeated for other design applications. Obtained results can suggest to designers easy solution to re-design the combo-desk.

Training Teachers and Serving Students: Applying Usability Testing in Writing Programs

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather McGovern
Keyword(s):  
Novice Teachers ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Technical Writing ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Student Experiences ◽  
Writing Programs ◽  
Course Materials

Teachers often test course materials by using them in class. Usability testing provides an alternative: teachers receive student feedback and revise materials before teaching a class. Case studies based on interviews and observations with two teaching assistants who usability tested materials before teaching introductory technical writing demonstrate how usability testing can make novice teachers more confident about and help them predict student experiences with their assignments. By helping to train teachers, usability testing can also help better serve students.

scholarly journals 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Freely Moving Human Eye

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Franceschiello ◽  
Lorenzo Di Sopra ◽  
Astrid Minier ◽  
Silvio Ionta ◽  
David Zeugin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Eye Motion ◽  
Financial Interests

AbstractEye motion is a major confound for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neuroscience or ophthalmology. Currently, solutions toward eye stabilisation include participants fixating or administration of paralytics/anaesthetics. We developed a novel MRI protocol for acquiring 3-dimensional images while the eye freely moves. Eye motion serves as the basis for image reconstruction, rather than an impediment. We fully reconstruct videos of the moving eye and head. We quantitatively validate data quality with millimetre resolution in two ways for individual participants. First, eye position based on reconstructed images correlated with simultaneous eye-tracking. Second, the reconstructed images preserve anatomical properties; the eye’s axial length measured from MRI images matched that obtained with ocular biometry. The technique operates on a standard clinical setup, without necessitating specialized hardware, facilitating wide deployment. In clinical practice, we anticipate that this may help reduce burden on both patients and infrastructure, by integrating multiple varieties of assessments into a single comprehensive session. More generally, our protocol is a harbinger for removing the necessity of fixation, thereby opening new opportunities for ethologically-valid, naturalistic paradigms, the inclusion of populations typically unable to stably fixate, and increased translational research such as in awake animals whose eye movements constitute an accessible behavioural readout.Author contributionsB.F., L.D.S., M.S., and M.M.M. conceptualised the problem. B.F. and L.D.S. developed, implemented, and tested the protocol. A.M. provided optometry assessments and assisted with eye movement analysis. S.I., D.Z., and M.P.N. assisted with installation of the eye-tracking system within the MRI scanner. J.A.M.B., J.J. and J.Y. contributed with the MRI sequences and compressed sensing framework. B.F., L.D.S. and M.M.M. drafted the manuscript, and all authors contributed to internal review.Competing interestsB.F., L.D.S., J.A.M.B., J.Y., M.S., and M.M.M. declare the following competing financial interest: a patent application for the protocol described in this manuscript has been filed (patent application: EP19160832). A.M., S.I., D.Z., M.P.N. and J.J. declare no competing financial interests.

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