A Multi-Task MRC Framework for Chinese Emotion Cause and Experiencer Extraction

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Haoda Qian ◽  
Qiudan Li ◽  
Zaichuan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Mrc Framework

scholarly journals Developing a complex intervention to support pregnant women with mild to moderate anxiety: application of the Medical Research Council framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Evans ◽  
Helen Spiby ◽  
Jane C Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mrc Framework ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Aim: To design and develop an intervention to support women with symptoms of mild to moderate anxiety in pregnancy.Methods: The development followed the MRC framework for complex interventions, utilising psychological theory, review level evidence and professional and public involvement. Two systematic reviews were completed which helped identify potentially beneficial intervention components. The theory underpinning the components was explored to consider the potential benefit for women with mild to moderate anxiety symptoms in pregnancy. Methods of delivering the intervention within maternity services were explored. The intervention comprised: group discussions, one to one support and assisted self-help resources. Midwives were identified as ideally placed to facilitate the intervention supported by midwifery support workers. A bespoke training package was provided by subject experts to prepare the facilitators. Discussion: The absence of established interventions and a paucity of evidence based approaches for pregnant women with symptoms of mild to moderate anxiety indicated the need for a rigorous and systematic approach to the intervention design. This approach led to the development of an intervention feasible for implementation in maternity care systems tailored to the needs of pregnant women. The involvement of a multi-professional advisory team and active engagement of service users helped to consider the acceptability of the intervention for women and the feasibility of delivering the intervention in the context of maternity care. Conclusion: The MRC Framework provided useful overarching guidance to develop a midwife facilitated intervention for women with symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy. The framework assisted the development of a robust rationale for each intervention component and considered the processes of evaluation and implementation into maternity care systems.

scholarly journals Cognitive Interpersonal Model for Anorexia Nervosa Revisited: The Perpetuating Factors that Contribute to the Development of the Severe and Enduring Illness

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Treasure ◽  
Daniel Willmott ◽  
Suman Ambwani ◽  
Valentina Cardi ◽  
Danielle Clark Bryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Social Pain ◽  
Mrc Framework ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Interpersonal Model

The cognitive interpersonal model was outlined initially in 2006 in a paper describing the valued and visible aspects of anorexia nervosa (Schmidt and Treasure, 2006). In 2013, we summarised many of the cognitive and emotional traits underpinning the model (Treasure and Schmidt, 2013). In this paper, we describe in more detail the perpetuating aspects of the model, which include the inter- and intrapersonal related consequences of isolation, depression, and chronic stress that accumulate in the severe and enduring stage of the illness. Since we developed the model, we have been using it to frame research and development at the Maudsley. We have developed and tested interventions for both patients and close others, refining the model through iterative cycles of model/intervention development in line with the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for complex interventions. For example, we have defined the consequences of living with the illness on close others (including medical professionals) and characterised the intense emotional reactions and behaviours that follow. For the individual with an eating disorder, these counter-reactions can allow the eating disorder to become entrenched. In addition, the consequent chronic stress from starvation and social pain set in motion processes such as depression, neuroprogression, and neuroadaptation. Thus, anorexia nervosa develops a life of its own that is resistant to treatment. In this paper, we describe the underpinnings of the model and how this can be targeted into treatment.

scholarly journals The stepwise development of an interactive web-based sex education programme for subfertile couples: the Pleasure & Pregnancy programme

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1839-1854
Author(s):  
F Dreischor ◽  
E T M Laan ◽  
S Apers ◽  
S Repping ◽  
R H W van Lunsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mrc Framework

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Can we develop a web-based sex education programme (programme running in a web browser) that addresses the needs of subfertile couples who are advised expectant management for at least 6 months? SUMMARY ANSWER The ‘Pleasure & Pregnancy’ programme addresses couples’ needs, is likely to improve couples’ sexual functioning, and is subsequently hypothesised to improve the chance of natural pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY According to professional guidelines (e.g. the Netherlands and UK) couples with unexplained subfertility and a good chance of natural pregnancy, should be advised at least 6 months of expectant management. Adherence to expectant management is challenging as couples and gynaecologist prefer a more active approach. Targeting sexuality may be useful as subfertility is a risk factor for decreased sexual functioning. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A novel programme was developed according to the three steps of the Medical Research Councils’ (MRC) framework. First, relevant literature was explored. Second, an interdisciplinary expert panel developed a theory (based on a systematic literature review and patient interviews) on how the chance of natural conception can be improved. Third, the expected process and outcomes were modelled. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Two licenced clinical sexologists, two gynaecologists, a clinical embryologist and two midwife-researchers, all from Belgium and the Netherlands, proposed components for the sex education programme. PubMed was searched systematically for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the proposed components in different patient populations. The needs of 12 heterosexual Dutch or Belgian couples who were advised expectant management were explored with in-depth interviews. The content and delivery characteristics of the novel programme were described in detail with the aid of ‘Intervention Taxonomy’. To model the outcomes, a protocol for an RCT was designed, registered and submitted for publication. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE To help maintain or improve sexual functioning, mainly pleasure, and hence increase pregnancy rates, the web-based Pleasure & Pregnancy programme contains a combination of psychosexual education and couple communication, mindfulness and sensate focus exercises. Information on the biology of conception and interaction with fertility clinic staff and peers were added based on couples’ needs to increase potential acceptability. LIMITATIONS AND REASON FOR CAUTION This paper outlines the development phase of a sex education programme according to the MRC-framework. Whether the Pleasure & Pregnancy programme actually is acceptable, improves sexual functioning, increases pregnancy rates and is cost-effective remains to be determined. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS No previous interactive web-based sex education programme has aimed to increase the natural pregnancy rate of subfertile couples by targeting their sexual pleasure. The Pleasure & Pregnancy programme addresses couples’ needs and its effect on sexual functioning and pregnancy rate is plausible but remains to be demonstrated by an RCT which is currently ongoing. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Funding was provided by The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Flanders Research Foundation and the University of Amsterdam. C.B.L. is editor-in-chief of Human Reproductionbut was blinded to all parts of the peer review process. The remaining authors have no conflict of interest to report. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.

Better self-management and meaningful activities thanks to tablets? Development of a person-centered program to support people with mild dementia and their carers through use of hand-held touch screen devices

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1917-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne J. F. Kerkhof ◽  
Maud J. L. Graff ◽  
Ad Bergsma ◽  
Hilde H. M. de Vocht ◽  
Rose-Marie Dröes
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Touch Screen ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Mrc Framework ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Touch Screen Devices

ABSTRACTBackground:To offer good support to people with dementia and their carers in an aging and Internet society the deployment of hand-held touch screen devices, better known as tablets, and its applications (apps) can be viable and desirable. However, at the moment it is not clear which apps are usable for supporting people with dementia in daily life. Also, little is known about how people with dementia can be coached to learn to use a tablet and its apps.Methods:A person-centered program, with tools and training, will be developed that aims to support people with mild dementia and their (in)formal carers in how to use the tablet for self-management and meaningful activities. The program will be developed in accordance with the Medical Research Council's (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions and the study will cover the following phases: a preclinical or theoretical (0) phase; a modeling phase (I) and the exploratory trial phase (II). The users (people with dementia and their carers) will be involved intensively during all these phases, by means of individual interviews, workshops, focus groups, and case studies.Discussion:The iterative process inherent to this framework makes it possible to develop a user-oriented intervention, in this case a person-centered program, for the use of tablets in dementia care. Preparatory work will be done to perform a methodologically sound randomized controlled trial (RCT) in the near future, which aims to investigate the contribution of this person-centered program for tablet use to the quality of life of people with dementia and their carers.

scholarly journals Interventions to support people with dementia and their informal caregivers during the transition from home care to nursing home care – a protocol for a systematic review / Interventionen zur Unterstützung von Menschen mit Demenz und ihren Angehörigen während des Übergangs von der häuslichen Pflege ins Pflegeheim – ein Studienprotokoll für eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-135
Author(s):  
Christian Müller ◽  
Janine Puls ◽  
Sindy Lautenschläger ◽  
Astrid Stephan ◽  
Gabriele Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nursing Home Care ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Mrc Framework

Abstract Background The transition from home care to nursing home care is a significant event in the life of a person with dementia and also for informal caregiver, who deal with many crises and changes. Aim To describe a protocol for a systematic review based on the `‘PRISMA-P 2015 statement`. We will carry out this review firstly to identify interventions that support people with dementia and their informal caregivers in the transition from home care to nursing home care, secondly to synthesise the available evidence for the efficacy of identified interventions, and thirdly to examine whether the identified interventions have been systematically developed, evaluated and implemented according to the MRC framework. Design This systematic review will be conducted according to the recommendations specified in the Cochrane Handbook for Intervention Reviews; reporting will follow the PRISMA statement. Methods The search strategy covers six electronic bibliographic databases, Google Scholar and ALOIS. In addition, backward citation tracking will be applied. The protocol includes decisions made on the research questions, inclusion/exclusion criteria, search methods, study selection, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias, data synthesis and plans for dissemination and funding. Discussion This systematic review will summarise the body of evidence of interventions supporting people with dementia and their informal caregivers during the transition from home care to nursing home care. Protocol Registration This review protocol has been registered on the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015019839).

scholarly journals A novel ACT-based video game to support mental health through embedded learning: A mixed-methods feasibility study protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Edwards ◽  
Andrew Haddon Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Mrc Framework ◽  
Serious Video Games

Introduction: In recent years, serious video games have been utilised to promote emotional regulation in individuals with mental health issues. Though these therapeutic strategies are innovative, they are limited in the scope of treatment, often focusing on specific cognitive skills, to help remediate a specific mental health disorder. Objective: Here, a protocol is proposed, which assesses the feasibility of a novel ACT-based video game for young adults. Methods and analysis: The MRC framework will be utilised for developing a complex intervention, to design and test the feasibility of an ACT-based video game intervention using a mixed-methods approach involving qualitative and quantitative data. The primary outcomes will include feasibility testing of recruitment processes and the acceptability of the intervention through qualitative interviews, attendance, and rates of attrition. Secondary outcomes will involve a series of quantitative questionnaires to obtain effect sizes for power analysis, allowing for the ideal sample size for a full randomized controlled trial to be determined. Ethics and Dissemination: This study has received approval from the College of Human and Health Sciences at Swansea University in the United Kingdom. Dissemination activities will involve publications in peer reviewed journals, presentations at local and national conferences, and promotion through social media.

scholarly journals Developing a complex intervention to support pregnant women with mild to moderate anxiety: application of the Medical Research Council framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Evans ◽  
Helen Spiby ◽  
Jane C Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mrc Framework ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: To design and develop an intervention to support women with symptoms of mild to moderate anxiety in pregnancy.Methods: The development followed the MRC framework for complex interventions, utilising psychological theory, review level evidence and professional and public involvement. Two systematic reviews were completed which helped identify potentially beneficial intervention components. The theory underpinning the components was explored to consider the potential benefit for women with mild to moderate anxiety symptoms in pregnancy. Methods of delivering the intervention within maternity services were explored. The intervention comprised: group discussions, one to one support and assisted self-help resources. Midwives were identified as ideally placed to facilitate the intervention supported by midwifery support workers. A bespoke training package was provided by subject experts to prepare the facilitators.Results: The absence of established interventions and a paucity of evidence based approaches for pregnant women with symptoms of mild to moderate anxiety indicated the need for a rigorous and systematic approach to the intervention design. This approach led to the development of an intervention feasible for implementation in maternity care systems tailored to the needs of pregnant women. The involvement of a multi-professional advisory team and active engagement of service users helped to consider the acceptability of the intervention for women and the feasibility of delivering the intervention in the context of maternity care.Conclusion: The MRC Framework provided useful overarching guidance to develop a midwife facilitated intervention for women with symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy. The framework assisted the development of a robust rationale for each intervention component and considered the processes of evaluation and implementation into maternity care systems.

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