Special Considerations in the Immature Skeleton

2007 ◽  
pp. 433-447
Author(s):  
A. Mark Davies ◽  
Suzanne E. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Immature Skeleton

Management of sports-related and recreational knee Injuries in children: surgical aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2460-2467
Author(s):  
Talat Mahmood ◽  
Waqas Ali Khan ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
Syed Kashif Mehdi ◽  
Hafsa Talat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Growth Cartilage ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Surgical Aspects ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Immature Skeleton

Sports -related knee injuries are common in children and the management of these injuries continues to evolve. Sports injuries in children affect both growing bone and soft tissues and can result in damage of growth mechanisms with subsequent lifelong, growth disturbance. With an increasing number of paediatric and adolescent athletes presenting with knee injuries. due to sports, a greater demand is put on clinicians and radiologists to assess the specific type of knee injury. Traumatic forces applied to the immature skeleton cause a different type of injury than those seen in adults due to the differences in vulnerability of the musculoskeletal system, especially at the site of the growth cartilage. An overview of several sport-related knee injuries of young athletes are presented, based on anatomical location and their management. The training programmes should be considered an important training tool that growing athletes can adjust to the changes in their bodies and could prevent knee injuries. Keywords: Sports-Related, paediatric, Children, Knee Injuries, Adolescent Sports Players, immature skeleton, growth cartilage.

scholarly journals The role of orthopaedic surgery in haemophilia: current rationale, indications and results

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán
Keyword(s):  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Primary Prophylaxis ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Arthroscopic Synovectomy ◽  
Haemophilic Arthropathy ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Immature Skeleton

The musculoskeletal problems of haemophilic patients begin in infancy when minor injuries lead to haemarthroses and haematomas. Early continuous haematological primary prophylaxis by means of the intravenous infusion of the deficient coagulation factor (ideally from cradle to grave) is of paramount importance because the immature skeleton is very sensitive to the complications of haemophilia: severe structural deficiencies may develop quickly. If primary haematological prophylaxis is not feasible due to expense or lack of venous access, joint bleeding will occur. Then, the orthopaedic surgeon must aggressively treat haemarthrosis (joint aspiration under factor coverage) to prevent progression to synovitis (that will require early radiosynovectomy or arthroscopic synovectomy), recurrent joint bleeds, and ultimately end-stage osteoarthritis (haemophilic arthropathy). Between the second and fourth decades, many haemophilic patients develop articular destruction. At this stage the main possible treatments include arthroscopic joint debridement (knee, ankle), articular fusion (ankle) and total joint arthroplasty (knee, hip, ankle, elbow).Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:165-173. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180090

scholarly journals Genu Recurvatum Deformity in a Child due to Salter Harris Type V Fracture of the Proximal Tibial Physis Treated with High Tibial Dome Osteotomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Beslikas ◽  
Andreas Christodoulou ◽  
Anastasios Chytas ◽  
Ioannis Gigis ◽  
John Christoforidis
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Tubercle ◽  
Rare Injury ◽  
Dome Osteotomy ◽  
Genu Recurvatum ◽  
Clinical Instability ◽  
Rare Lesion ◽  
Salter Harris ◽  
One Year ◽  
Type V ◽  
Immature Skeleton

Salter-Harris type V fracture is a very rare injury in the immature skeleton. In most cases, it remains undiagnosed and untreated. We report a case of genu recurvatum deformity in a 15-year-old boy caused by a Salter-Harris type V fracture of the proximal tibial physis. The initial X-ray did not reveal fracture. One year after injury, genu recurvatum deformity was detected associated with significant restriction of knee flexion and limp length discrepancy (2 cm) as well as medial and posterior instability of the joint. Further imaging studies revealed anterior bone bridge of the proximal tibial physis. The deformity was treated with a high tibial dome osteotomy combined with a tibial tubercle osteotomy stabilized with malleolar screws and a cast. Two years after surgery, the patient gained functional knee mobility without clinical instability. Firstly, this case highlights the importance of early identification of this rare lesion (Salter-Harris type V fracture) and, secondly, provides an alternative method of treatment for genu recurvatum deformity.

scholarly journals Fixation of an osteochondral fragment after acute patellar dislocation in an immature skeleton

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-205
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Pires e Albuquerque ◽  
José Félix dos Santos Neto ◽  
Maria Isabel Pires e Albuquerque ◽  
Vincenzo Giordano ◽  
Ney Pecegueiro do Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Dislocation ◽  
Osteochondral Fragment ◽  
Immature Skeleton

scholarly journals Giant Cell Tumor: A Rare Condition in the Immature Skeleton—A Retrospective Study of Symptoms, Treatment, and Outcome in 16 Children

Sarcoma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thale M. Asp Strøm ◽  
Anette Torød Skeie ◽  
Ingvild Koren Lobmaier ◽  
Olga Zaikova
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Intralesional Curettage ◽  
Immature Skeleton

Background. Pediatric giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is rare and the course of the disease in the immature skeleton is sparsely described. We performed a retrospective study addressing symptoms, treatment, and outcome in children with GCT.Methods. Review of medical records and images of patients with GCT. Patients were detected from our hospital prospective database and those with open epiphyseal cartilages were included.Results. 16 children (75% girls) from 6 to 15 years old were identified. Eight lesions (50%) were in long bones and 4 (25%) in flat bones. One lesion appeared to be purely epiphyseal. All patients had pain as the initial symptom. Local recurrence developed in 2 patients. 14 of 16 patients returned to normal activity with no sequelae. One patient developed anisomelia after surgery.Conclusions. The biological tumor behavior in children does not seem to differ from what is reported in adults. Lesions in flat bones are very unusual, but our data alone do not provide enough evidence to conclude that this is more common in the immature skeleton. Literature review showed only one previous case report describing a purely epiphyseal GCT. Intralesional curettage is appropriate treatment and gives good functional results with acceptable recurrence rates.

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