When climatic changes are taken into account in forestry management, the question arises of the choice of tree species in order to adapt the forests to increased temperatures and stress arising from lack of water. The oak could be the main species accommodating itself to the new situation up to an altitude of about 900 m. A maximal development of this genetic inheritance adapted to our soils and the reinstallation of a network of oak forests would in fact give a new boost to the exceptional biodiversity linked to this species. In canton Vaud, the application of a sylviculture favourable to the oak would concern a relatively small and reasonable area of approximately 8,000 hectares, which corresponds to less than 20% of the surface theoretically adapted to this species, with a rhythm of rejuvenation of about 40 hectares a year.