Influence of injection site on the depot effect of procaine penicillin in dogs

1986 ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Procaine Penicillin ◽  
Depot Effect

Significant improvement in response to the GLP1-agonist 'Liraglutide' following change in injection site

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Border ◽  
Wendy Clayton ◽  
Tom Barber ◽  
Harpal Randeva
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site

scholarly journals Dexamethasone-Loaded Lipomers: Development, Characterization, and Skin Biodistribution Studies

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Eloy Pena-Rodríguez ◽  
Maria Lajarin-Reinares ◽  
Aida Mata-Ventosa ◽  
Sandra Pérez-Torras ◽  
Francisco Fernández-Campos
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Vertical Diffusion ◽  
Biodistribution Studies ◽  
Follicular Targeting ◽  
Depot Effect

Follicular targeting has gained more attention in recent decades, due to the possibility of obtaining a depot effect in topical administration and its potential as a tool to treat hair follicle-related diseases. Lipid core ethyl cellulose lipomers were developed and optimized, following which characterization of their physicochemical properties was carried out. Dexamethasone was encapsulated in the lipomers (size, 115 nm; polydispersity, 0.24; zeta-potential (Z-potential), +30 mV) and their in vitro release profiles against dexamethasone in solution were investigated by vertical diffusion Franz cells. The skin biodistribution of the fluorescent-loaded lipomers was observed using confocal microscopy, demonstrating the accumulation of both lipomers and fluorochromes in the hair follicles of pig skin. To confirm this fact, immunofluorescence of the dexamethasone-loaded lipomers was carried out in pig hair follicles. The anti-inflammatory (via TNFα) efficacy of the dexamethasone-loaded lipomers was demonstrated in vitro in an HEK001 human keratinocytes cell culture and the in vitro cytotoxicity of the nanoformulation was investigated.

scholarly journals AB1343-HPR A QUALITATIVE REVIEW ASSESSING THEMATIC OUTCOMES FROM THE PHARMACY-LED ADALIMUMAB BIOSIMILAR SWITCH PLAN ACROSS 3 SPECIALITIES; RHEUMATOLOGY, GASTROENTEROLOGY AND DERMATOLOGY AT UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF COVENTRY AND WARWICKSHIRE (UHCW)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1959.1-1960
Author(s):  
S. Gohil
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Latex Allergy ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Injection Site Pain ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Qualitative Review ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Site Pain

Background:The advent of biosimilars has heralded a new era for cost effective biologic prescribing in the NHS. As patents expire for originator biologics, less expensive versions are now widely available as biosimilars. Non-medical switches (for reasons unrelated to a patient’s health) ensure prescribing of best value medicines, and cost savings can be redirected to patient care.1This practice resonates with recommendations from Lord Carter’s 2016 report regarding reducing unwarranted variation in the NHS and adopting cost saving opportunities.2In 2018/19, following loss of patent exclusivity for the expensive adalimumab originator biologic, UHCW worked in accordance with national directives to drive forward one of the largest non-medical biosimilar switches.Objectives:This qualitative review aims to explore the success of the adalimumab biosimilar switch and key themes associated with switch backs/refusals across the Rheumatology (R), Gastroenterology (G) and Dermatology (D) specialities at UHCW.Methods:The switch plan occurred between April-December 2019. 403 patients (R;189, G;176, D; 38) were eligible for switch. Patients were informed of the plan in advance via a patient information leaflet/hospital clinic visits. Switch refusals, withheld treatments and cancellations were documented and patients were advised to contact the hospital pharmacy/clinical teams if they encountered any concerns, adverse effects or lack of efficacy post switch. The clinician would then advise on subsequent management.Results:During April-December 2019, 264/403 patients had been successfully switched (R;122, G;109, D;33). 33/403 patients switched back to the originator biologic (R;22, G;10; D;1). Of the 22 rheumatology switch back patients; 6 patients reported injection site pain and variably headache, fatigue, disease relapse, gastrointestinal (GI) upset, erythema; 10=reported lack of efficacy and variably influenza-type symptoms, relapse in associated psoriasis, difficulty in walking/sleeping, hair loss, excessive perspiration, facial cellulitis, foot drop and GI upset; 1=blepharitis;1=latex allergy before injection; 3=later declined switch; 1=damaged two devices and did not wish to continue biosimilar. Of the 10 gastroenterology switch back patients; 1=injection site pain; 2=lack of efficacy; 1=developed needle phobia; 1=latex allergy before injection; 1=switch detrimental to health; 2=unstable disease; 1=insomnia; 1=pregnancy. The 1 dermatology switch back patient reported injection site pain and bleeding.38/403 patients refused the switch and remained on the originator biologic (R;11, G;27, D;0). 29/403 patients had treatment cancellations and were switched to an alternative biologic (R;17, G;9, D;3). 32/403 patients stopped treatment (R;13, G;19, D;0). Treatment was withheld for 7/403 patients (R;4, G;2, D;1).Conclusion:The UHCW adalimumab biosimilar switch plan succeeded in switching a total of 66% of patients; thus an annual cost saving of £73,020. Injection site pain, most likely due to the biosimilar citrate content, and lack of efficacy according to patient perception and subsequent clinical review, were the most predominant causative themes for switch backs. Gastroenterology patients accounted for 71% (27/38) of the total switch refusals. Additional data regarding patient refusals, identifies future opportunities to improve patient counselling and drive further cost savings.References:[1]Azevedo V, et al. Biosimilars: considerations for clinical practice. Considerations in Medicine. 2017;1(1):13–8[2]Lord Carter of Coles. (2016) Operational productivity and performance in English NHS Acute Hospitals: Unwarranted variations [Online]Acknowledgments:Mark Easter, Chief Pharmacist, Hardeep Bagga, Deputy Chief Pharmacist, UHCW Pharmacy Homecare Team, UHCW Specialist Clinical Teams.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals National Antibiotic Consumption for Human Use in Sierra Leone (2017–2019): A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Joseph Sam Kanu ◽  
Mohammed Khogali ◽  
Katrina Hann ◽  
Wenjing Tao ◽  
Shuwary Barlatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Procaine Penicillin

Monitoring antibiotic consumption is crucial to tackling antimicrobial resistance. However, currently there is no system in Sierra Leone for recording and reporting on antibiotic consumption. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional study to assess national antibiotic consumption expressed as defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day using all registered and imported antibiotics (categorized under the subgroup J01 under the anatomical and therapeutic classification (ATC) system) as a proxy. Between 2017–2019, total cumulative consumption of antibiotics was 19 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day. The vast majority consisted of oral antibiotics (98.4%), while parenteral antibiotics made up 1.6%. According to therapeutic/pharmacological subgroups (ATC level 3), beta-lactam/penicillins, quinolones, and other antibacterials (mainly oral metronidazole) comprised 65% of total consumption. According to WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe), 65% of antibiotics consumed were Access, 31% were Watch, and no Reserve antibiotics were reported. The top ten oral antibiotics represented 97% of total oral antibiotics consumed, with metronidazole (35%) and ciprofloxacin (15%) together constituting half of the total. Of parenteral antibiotics consumed, procaine penicillin (32%) and ceftriaxone (19%) together comprised half of the total. Policy recommendations at global and national levels have been made to improve monitoring of antibiotic consumption and antibiotic stewardship.

866 A Lateral Approach Is More Likely to Be Successful Than A Posterior Approach for An Injection to Reach the Subacromial Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Cheyne ◽  
A Jeelani ◽  
M Zeiton ◽  
C Tablot ◽  
E Holt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Subacromial Space ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Shoulder Impingement ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Subacromial Injection ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Multiple Measurements

Abstract Background Subacromial injections are common for diagnosis and therapy of shoulder impingement secondary to subacromial bursitis. We evaluated the likelihood of a successful subacromial injection from both the posterior and lateral injection sites. Method We reviewed 100 MRI scans of the shoulder and recorded measurements in both the sagittal (representative of posterior injection) and coronal (representative of lateral injection) orientations. We compared these to the lengths of standard needles. Multiple measurements were taken: Results Measuring along the angle of the acromion demonstrated shorter mean distances from the lateral injection site. The distance from skin to mid-point of the acromion) provided mean values of 51.4mm for posterior and 40.1mm for lateral. A standard 40mm (green) needle would reach the midpoint of the acromion in 58% of lateral measurements and 23% from posterior. Conclusions Injections are more likely to enter the subacromial space from a lateral rather than a posterior entry point.

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