Swarm Intelligent Based Detection in the Uplink of Large-Scale MIMO Wireless Communication Systems

Author(s):  
Arijit Datta ◽  
Manish Mandloi ◽  
Vimal Bhatia
Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6083
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Jingwen Liu ◽  
Yangyang Wang ◽  
Zhongbao Luo ◽  
Binzhen Zhang ◽  
...  

Although wearable antennas have made great progress in recent years, how to design high-performance antennas suitable for most wireless communication systems has always been the direction of RF workers. In this paper, a new approach for the design and manufacture of a compact, low-profile, broadband, omni-directional and conformal antenna is presented, including the use of a customized flexible dielectric substrate with high permittivity and low loss tangent to realize the compact sensing antenna. Poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) is doped a certain proportion of aluminum trioxide (Al2O3) and Poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene (PTFE) to investigate the effect of dielectric constant and loss tangent. Through a large number of comparative experiments, data on different doping ratios show that the new doped materials are flexible enough to increase dielectric constant, reduce loss tangent and significantly improve the load resistance capacity. The antenna is configured with a multisection microstrip stepped impedance resonator structure (SIR) to expand the bandwidth. The measured reflection return loss (S11) showed an operating frequency band from 0.99 to 9.41 GHz, with a band ratio of 146%. The antenna covers two important frequency bands, 1.71–2.484 GHz (personal communication system and wireless body area network (WBAN) systems) and 5.15–5.825 GHz (wireless local area network-WLAN)]. It also passed the SAR test for human safety. Therefore, the proposed antenna offers a good chance for full coverage of WLAN and large-scale development of wearable products. It also has potential applications in communication systems, wireless energy acquisition systems and other wireless systems.


2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Mitic ◽  
Aleksandar Lebl ◽  
Branimir Trenkic ◽  
Zarko Markov

Characteristics of a wireless communication channel are subjected to a large scale deterioration process, referred to as the problem of fading. This paper discusses different techniques for mitigating the fading problems. One solution to the problem is to add a fading margin on the transmitter, but it is not an effective solution. The other solution is to use an alternative statistical behavior of fading channels (applying the basic concepts of diversity), which use two or more inputs on the receiver to ensure the correlation of signal. So, the diversity technique is used to improve system performance in fading channels. Instead of transmitting and receiving the desired signal through one channel, we have L copies of desired signal transferred over M different channels. This paper presents analytical results of the probability of error for diversity techniques which use Rayleigh Fading Channel for BPSK modulation.


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