Differential, temporal and spatial expression of genes involved in storage oil and oleosin accumulation in developing rapeseed embryos: implications for the role of oleosins and the mechanisms of oil-body formation

Mountains have distinct geography and are dynamic in nature compared to the plains. 'Verticality' and 'variation' are two fundamental specificities of the mountain geography. They possess distinct temporal and spatial characteristics in a unique socio-cultural setting. There is an ever increasing need for spatial and temporal data for planning and management activities; and Geo Information (GI) Science (including Geographic Information and Earth Observation Systems). This is being recognized more and more as a common platform for integrating spatial data with social, economic and environmental data and information from different sources. This paper investigates the applicability and challenges of GISscience in the context of mountain geography with ample evidences and observations from the mountain specific publications, empirical research findings and reports. The contextual explanation of mountain geography, mountain specific problems, scientific concerns about the mountain geography, advances in GIScience, the role of GIScience for sustainable development, challenges on application of GIScience in the contexts of mountains are the points of discussion. Finally, conclusion has been made with some specific action oriented recommendations.

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New trends in the pharmacological intervention of PPARs in obesity: Role of natural and synthetic compounds_

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570162x18666201123114934 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Mohammad Nabavi ◽

Kasi Pandima Devi ◽

Sethuraman Sathya ◽

Ana Sanches-Silva ◽

Listos Joanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Expression ◽

Health Concern ◽

Pharmacological Intervention ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Ppar Agonists ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽

Natural And Synthetic

: Obesity is a major health concern for a growing fraction of the population, with the prevalence of obesity and its related metabolic disorders not being fully understood. Over the last decade, many attempts have been undertaken to understand the mechanisms at the basis of this condition, in which the accumulation of fat occurring in adipose tissue, leads to the pathogenesis of obesity related disorders. Among the most recent studies, those on Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors (PPARs) revealed that these nuclear receptor proteins acting as transcription factors, among others, regulate the expression of genes involved in energy, lipid, and glucose metabolisms, and chronic inflammation. The three different isotypes of PPARs, with different tissue expression and ligand binding specificity, exert similar or overlapping functions directly or indirectly linked to obesity. In this study, we reviewed the available scientific reports concerning the PPARs structure and functions, especially in obesity, considering both natural and synthetic ligands and their role in the therapy of obesity and obesity-associated disorders. In the whole, the collected data show that there are both natural and synthetic compounds that show beneficial promising activity as PPAR agonists in chronic diseases related to obesity.

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7 Temporal and spatial expression of cNgn1 and cNgn2 in the developing chick retina.

Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.1046/j.1469-7580.199.parts1-2.50.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 199 (1-2) ◽

pp. 219-219

Author(s):

D. LeROUEDEC ◽

M. CHEUNG ◽

P. J. SCOTTING ◽

P. M. WIGMORE

Keyword(s):

Spatial Expression ◽

Chick Retina ◽

Temporal And Spatial

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Gammaherpesvirus infection modulates the temporal and spatial expression of SCGB1A1 (CCSP) and BPIFA1 (SPLUNC1) in the respiratory tract

Laboratory Investigation ◽

10.1038/labinvest.2014.162 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 610-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gail H Leeming ◽

Anja Kipar ◽

David J Hughes ◽

Lynne Bingle ◽

Elaine Bennett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Spatial Expression ◽

Temporal And Spatial

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The Role of Extracellular Vesicles as Shuttles of RNA and Their Clinical Significance as Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12060902 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 902

Author(s):

Eva Costanzi ◽

Carolina Simioni ◽

Gabriele Varano ◽

Cinzia Brenna ◽

Ilaria Conti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Tumor Metastasis ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Rna Molecules ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Donor Cells ◽

Relevant Role

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted interest as mediators of intercellular communication following the discovery that EVs contain RNA molecules, including non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Growing evidence for the enrichment of peculiar RNA species in specific EV subtypes has been demonstrated. ncRNAs, transferred from donor cells to recipient cells, confer to EVs the feature to regulate the expression of genes involved in differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and other biological processes. These multiple actions require accuracy in the isolation of RNA content from EVs and the methodologies used play a relevant role. In liver, EVs play a crucial role in regulating cell–cell communications and several pathophysiological events in the heterogeneous liver class of cells via horizontal transfer of their cargo. This review aims to discuss the rising role of EVs and their ncRNAs content in regulating specific aspects of hepatocellular carcinoma development, including tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. We analyze the progress in EV-ncRNAs’ potential clinical applications as important diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for liver conditions.

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Myeloid HIF1α Is Involved in the Extent of Orthodontically Induced Tooth Movement

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9070796 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 796

Author(s):

Christian Kirschneck ◽

Nadine Straßmair ◽

Fabian Cieplik ◽

Eva Paddenberg ◽

Jonathan Jantsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Myeloid Cells ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Periodontal Bone Loss

During orthodontic tooth movement, transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is stabilised in the periodontal ligament. While HIF1α in periodontal ligament fibroblasts can be stabilised by mechanical compression, in macrophages pressure application alone is not sufficient to stabilise HIF1α. The present study was conducted to investigate the role of myeloid HIF1α during orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontic tooth movement was performed in wildtype and Hif1αΔmyel mice lacking HIF1α expression in myeloid cells. Subsequently, µCT images were obtained to determine periodontal bone loss, extent of orthodontic tooth movement and bone density. RNA was isolated from the periodontal ligament of the control side and the orthodontically treated side, and the expression of genes involved in bone remodelling was investigated. The extent of tooth movement was increased in Hif1αΔmyel mice. This may be due to the lower bone density of the Hif1αΔmyel mice. Deletion of myeloid Hif1α was associated with increased expression of Ctsk and Acp5, while both Rankl and its decoy receptor Opg were increased. HIF1α from myeloid cells thus appears to play a regulatory role in orthodontic tooth movement.

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HbxB Is a Key Regulator for Stress Response and β-Glucan Biogenesis in Aspergillus nidulans

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010144 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 144

Author(s):

Sung-Hun Son ◽

Mi-Kyung Lee ◽

Ye-Eun Son ◽

Hee-Soo Park

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Aspergillus Nidulans ◽

Deletion Mutant ◽

Phenotypic Analysis ◽

Spore Viability ◽

Fungal Development ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Trehalose Biosynthesis

Homeobox transcription factors are conserved in eukaryotes and act as multi-functional transcription factors in filamentous fungi. Previously, it was demonstrated that HbxB governs fungal development and spore viability in Aspergillus nidulans. Here, the role of HbxB in A. nidulans was further characterized. RNA-sequencing revealed that HbxB affects the transcriptomic levels of genes associated with trehalose biosynthesis and response to thermal, oxidative, and radiation stresses in asexual spores called conidia. A phenotypic analysis found that hbxB deletion mutant conidia were more sensitive to ultraviolet stress. The loss of hbxB increased the mRNA expression of genes associated with β-glucan degradation and decreased the amount of β-glucan in conidia. In addition, hbxB deletion affected the expression of the sterigmatocystin gene cluster and the amount of sterigmatocystin. Overall, these results indicated that HbxB is a key transcription factor regulating trehalose biosynthesis, stress tolerance, β-glucan degradation, and sterigmatocystin production in A.nidulans conidia.

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