Troop size, habitat quality, and home range area in Japanese macaques

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takasaki
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Japanese Macaques ◽  
Troop Size

Does troop size of wild Japanese macaques influence birth rate and infant mortality in the absence of predators?

Primates ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Takahata ◽  
Shigeru Suzuki ◽  
Naobi Okayasu ◽  
Hideki Sugiura ◽  
Hiroyuki Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Japanese Macaques ◽  
Troop Size

Variation in the home-range size of the squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis)

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross L. Goldingay ◽  
David J. Sharpe ◽  
Matt D. J. Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
New South ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Minimum Convex Polygon ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Squirrel Glider ◽  
Range Estimate

The home-range area of animals may vary geographically and in response to habitat quality. We investigated the size of squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) home ranges near Brisbane, Queensland, and at Tea Gardens on the central coast of New South Wales. Habitat at both sites had been partially cleared and had been subjected to grazing for several decades. Twelve gliders were tracked over an average of 3.5 months in Brisbane. The fixed kernel (FK95%) home-range estimate averaged 4.6 ± 0.7 (s.e.) ha while the minimum convex polygon (MCP100%) averaged 6.7 ± 1.5 ha. Six gliders were tracked over 1 month at Tea Gardens. The FK95% home-range estimate averaged 14.8 ± 2.4 ha while the MCP100% averaged 13.3 ± 3.1 ha. The Tea Gardens values are derived from relatively short periods and are likely to underestimate the areas used. This study demonstrates that home-range size can vary substantially in the squirrel glider. This has implications for understanding how this species responds to variation in habitat quality and highlights the need for site-specific studies to inform aspects of management.

scholarly journals Behavioural mechanisms affecting the success of translocations. An investigation using New Zealand’s rarest ratite, the rowi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachael Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Release Group ◽  
Invertebrate Biomass

<p>Translocations are increasingly being used for conservation management of threatened species (Sarrazin & Legendre, 2000). Outcomes are influenced by a range of factors including effects of early rearing experience, conspecific familiarity, density of resident conspecifics, and habitat quality at the release site, all of which may impact on the behaviour of released individuals and subsequent survival and fitness (Law & Linklater, 2007; Linklater & Swaisgood, 2008; Sarrazin & Legendre, 2000). Conservation success, defined as the realisation of goals set out at the start of a project, can be improved by detecting factors causing suboptimal outcomes and identifying potential solutions (Buner et al., 2011; Green et al., 2005; Mihoub et al., 2011).  I aimed to expand current knowledge on factors influencing translocation outcomes by investigating the conservation management of the rowi (Apteryx rowi), the rarest species of kiwi. Current rowi conservation practices provide an opportunity to investigate this type of translocation management model. I provide new evidence and knowledge of behavioural mechanisms driving translocation success, include an expansion of current home range cognitive mapping theory relevant to conservation translocations, and present the first study of rowi home range behaviour (defined as the pattern of space use which leads to the emergence of a stable home range). Rowi conservation management involves removing eggs from the wild, hatching chicks in captivity, rearing on a predator free island until they are large enough to no longer be at risk of predation by stoats (Mustela erminae), then translocation back into the single remaining mainland population at Ōkārito forest. Over three years, experimental releases (n=66) were undertaken into both the existing population of rowi at South Ōkārito, and into an adjacent but unoccupied area of their former range at North Ōkārito. After intensive post-release monitoring, the effects of various elements of the translocation process on post-release survival, dispersal, conspecific association, habitat selection and home range behaviour were examined.  An investigation into the effects of season of release, conspecific density, sex, and release group size on survival during the 90 day critical period following release, found release season and release group size are the most likely factors to influence post-release survival, with highest survival in spring, and for large release groups of four or more birds per release site. Habitat quality throughout the Ōkārito forest was estimated using invertebrate biomass as a proxy. A Geographic Information Systems (GIS) layer showing relative estimated invertebrate biomass was created and used to provide values of habitat quality at release locations and within home ranges. An investigation of the influence of habitat quality on post-release dispersal, conspecific association and home range behaviour found maximum dispersal distance was affected by the release site (North or South Ōkārito), and the interaction of release site and the estimated invertebrate biomass at the release location. Mean home ranges (± SE) of translocated rowi (3.35 ± 0.37 km²), were larger and of lower habitat quality than those of wild rowi (1.06 ± 0.09 km²). No effects of release group size on dispersal distance or conspecific association rates post-release were found.  The effects of early rearing experience are proposed as a key factor influencing translocated rowi behaviour. By monitoring the survival, dispersal, conspecific association and home range behaviour resulting from the translocation of rowi reared in a non-natural social situation, I highlight the potential impact of prior social experience and social memory on cognitive mapping and home range establishment. This innovative approach has the potential to be a valuable expansion to current home range cognitive mapping theory, and warrants further study.  Translocation is a vital tool in conservation, and has undoubtedly been instrumental in improving the situation of rowi since the first application to rowi conservation in the 1990s. This study has demonstrated that further improvements in the effectiveness and efficiency of translocations for conservation can be gained through sound scientific analysis of factors affecting the mechanisms leading to translocation success. Ongoing monitoring, analysis and reassessment of translocation management practices are recommended to ensure optimal conservation outcomes.</p>

Troop size, home range area and seasonal range use of the Japanese macaque in the Northern Japan Alps

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Izumiyama ◽  
Takashi Mochizuki ◽  
Toshiaki Shiraishi
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Japanese Macaque ◽  
Range Use ◽  
Troop Size ◽  
Northern Japan

Home range structure and inter-group competition for land of Japanese macaques in evergreen and deciduous forests

Primates ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamaki Maruhashi ◽  
Chiemi Saito ◽  
Naoki Agetsuma
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Japanese Macaques ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Group Competition

Effects of habitat quality and anthropogenic disturbance on grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) home-range fidelity

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 857-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Sorensen ◽  
G.B. Stenhouse ◽  
M.L. Bourbonnais ◽  
T.A. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Grizzly Bear ◽  
Ursus Arctos Horribilis ◽  
New Development

In the Rocky Mountain eastern slopes of Alberta, Canada, grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis Ord, 1815) live in a landscape heavily impacted by industrial development and human disturbance. We characterized the role of changing habitat quality and new disturbance features on patterns of grizzly bear seasonal home-range fidelity and drift by comparing consecutive-year seasonal home ranges. We relied on the geographic technique “spatial–temporal analysis of moving polygons” (STAMP) to examine changes in habitat quality and new development between zones of home-range fidelity, expansion, and contraction. Areas considered to be high-quality habitat were selected at a greater frequency than available and retained in zones of home-range fidelity, but also vacated during home-range contraction. Areas of decreasing habitat quality were equally present in zones of contraction, expansion, and stability. The proportion of new forest harvest areas and roads developed within the past year did not differ between zones of home-range change, but the proportion of new well sites was higher in contraction zones than in stability zones. Our results showed that while considerable drift occurs, changes in habitat quality and recent anthropogenic disturbances cannot account for annual variation in home ranges, suggesting other important factors influencing behaviour and movement.

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