Effect of anti-CD3/anti-CD28/interleukin-2 stimulation of mononuclear cells on transforming growth factor? inhibition of lymphokine-activated killer cell generation

1993 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Koberda ◽  
Elizabeth A. Grimm ◽  
Richard P. Moser
1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel P. Bugis ◽  
Eva Lotzová ◽  
Howard E. Savage ◽  
Jeane P. Hester ◽  
Tamas Racz ◽  
...  

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Jane D. Carver ◽  
Bernardo Pimentel ◽  
William I. Cox ◽  
Lewis A. Barness

Nucleotide (NT) nitrogen, a component of nonprotein nitrogen, accounts for approximately 0.1% to 0.15% of the total nitrogen content of human milk. The results of studies in animals indicate that dietary NTs may be required for maintenance of normal immune function. Thirty-seven healthy term infants were either breast-fed (n = 9) or fed SMA formula supplemented with 33 mg of NTs per liter (n = 13, NT+) or standard SMA formula (n = 15; NT-). At 2 months of age, natural killer cell percent cytotoxicity was significantly higher in the breast-fed and NT+ groups compared with the NT- group (41.7 ± 4.7, 32.2 ± 3.4, 21.7 ± 2.2%, respectively). Interleukin-2 production by stimulated mononuclear cells was higher in the NT+ compared with the NT- group at 2 months of age (0.90 ± 0.28 U/mL, 0.27 ± 0.11 U/mL, respectively); neither formula-fed group differed significantly from the breast-fed group. Rate of growth and incidence and severity of infections did not differ significantly among dietary groups. Nucleotides may be a component of human milk that contributes to the enhanced immunity of the breast-fed infant.


Author(s):  
Pauli Puolakkainen ◽  
Paolo Alberto Paciucci ◽  
Jane E. Ranchalis ◽  
Leslie Oleksowicz ◽  
Daniel R. Twardzik

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