Carcinogenicity studies of masheri: pyrolysed tobacco product, in vitamin-A-deficient sprague dawley rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ammigan ◽  
U. J. Nair ◽  
V. S. Lalitha ◽  
S. V. Bhide
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

“ED50” values for TCDD-induced effects on vitamin A in hartley guinea pigs, Sprague-Dawley rats, C57B1/6 mice and golden Syrian hamsters

Chemosphere ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1153
Author(s):  
A. Hanberg ◽  
H. Håkansson ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
E. Manzoor ◽  
U.G. Ahlborg
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Toxicological assessment of the mainstream aerosol of a carbon heated tobacco product in Sprague-Dawley rats; a 90-day sub-chronic inhalation study

2017 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. S144
Author(s):  
Blaine Phillips ◽  
Jenny Ho ◽  
Davide Sciuscio ◽  
Emilija Veljkovic ◽  
Stefan Lebrun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Inhalation Study ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin a Supplementation Modulates Adipose Tissue Development in Offspring of Rats Consuming a High-Fat Diet (FS06-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Hang Kwan ◽  
Katelyn Senkus ◽  
Kristi Crowe-White ◽  
Libo Tan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissue Development

Abstract Objectives Vitamin A (VA) is a key regulator of obesity development and associated metabolic complications in adults. The aim of this study is to assess the impacts of VA supplementation during suckling and post-weaning periods on the adipose tissue (AT) development in rats reared by mothers consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods Four Sprague-Dawley rats arrived on their 2nd day of gestation. After 3 days of acclimation, they were randomized to either a normal-fat diet (NFD = 25% fat) with adequate VA at 2.6 mg/kg (n = 2) or a HFD (50% fat) with the same amount of VA (n = 2). Upon delivery, pups were transferred to achieve a same number of n = 11/litter. Two mother rats, one from each group, were switched to a NFD and a HFD both with supplemented VA at 129 mg/kg (NFD + VA and HFD + VA), respectively. The other two remained on their diets with adequate VA through lactation (NFD and HFD). At postnatal day 14 (P14) and P25, 4 pups/litter were euthanized with body weight (BW), visceral white AT (WAT) mass, and brown AT (BAT) mass recorded. Serum samples from P25 necropsy were analyzed for glucose, lipids, leptin, adiponectin, and inflammatory biomarkers. At P25, the rest weanling pups (n = 3/group) were fed the diets as their respective mothers until they were euthanized at P35. Results At P14 and P25, the BW and WAT mass of pups in the HFD group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in the NFD groups. Comparatively, these measures were significantly reduced in the HFD + VA group as compared to the HFD litter. A similar pattern of change in WAT mass was observed at P35. Additionally, at P25, the BAT mass of pups was significantly reduced by the maternal HFD, but VA supplement restored the level to that in the NFD groups. Serum analysis from P25 revealed a significantly higher adiponectin level in the HFD + VA group. In contrast, VA supplement showed a trend to reduce the glucose and leptin levels that were raised by the maternal HFD consumption. Conclusions Results support a regulatory role of VA supplementation during suckling and post-weaning period in the AT development in offspring from mothers consuming a HFD as evidenced by reduced BW and WAT mass, increased BAT mass, and modulation of adipokines. Future analysis will be conducted to study the mechanisms by which VA may impact the adipogenesis, WAT browning, and AT secretory functions. Funding Sources NIH.

scholarly journals Perturbed Vitamin A Status Induced by Iron Deficiency Is Corrected by Iron Repletion in Rats with Pre-Existing Iron Deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (7) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995
Author(s):  
Yaqi Li ◽  
Cheng-Hsin Wei ◽  
Xia Xiao ◽  
Michael H Green ◽  
A Catharine Ross
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Plasma Retinol

ABSTRACT Background Although iron deficiency is known to interrupt vitamin A (VA) metabolism, the ability of iron repletion to restore VA metabolism and kinetics in iron-deficient rats is not well understood. Objectives In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary iron repletion on VA status in rats with pre-existing iron deficiency. Methods Weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a VA-marginal diet (0.35 mg retinol/kg diet) containing either a normal concentration of iron [35 ppm, control group (CN)] or reduced iron (3 ppm, iron-deficient group, ID−); after 5 wk, 4 rats/group were killed for baseline measurements. A 3H-labeled retinol emulsion was administered intravenously to the remaining rats (n = 6, CN; n = 10, ID−) as tracer to initiate the kinetic study. On day 21 after dosing, n = 5 ID− rats were switched to the CN diet, generating an iron-repletion group (ID+). Blood samples were collected at 34 time points ≤92 d after dose administration, when all rats were killed and iron and VA status were determined. Results At baseline, ID− rats had developed iron deficiency, with a reduced plasma VA concentration (0.67 compared with 1.20 μmol/L in ID− and CN rats, respectively; P &lt; 0.01) and a tendency toward higher liver VA (265 compared with 187 nmol in ID− and CN rats, respectively; P = 0.10). On day 92, iron deficiency persisted in ID− rats, accompanied by 2-times higher liver VA (456 nmol compared with 190 nmol in ID− and CN rats, respectively; P &lt; 0.001) but lower plasma VA (0.64 compared with 0.94 μmol/L in ID− and CN rats, respectively; P = 0.05). ID+ rats not only recovered from iron deficiency, but also exhibited less liver VA sequestration (276 nmol) and normal plasma VA (0.91 μmol/L, not different from CN rats). Conclusions Our results suggest that iron repletion can remove the inhibitory effect of iron deficiency on hepatic mobilization of VA and restore plasma retinol concentrations in iron-deficient rats, setting the stage for kinetic studies of VA turnover in this setting.

scholarly journals Vitamin A Supplementation during Suckling and Postweaning Periods Attenuates the Adverse Metabolic Effects of Maternal High-Fat Diet Consumption in Sprague-Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Tan ◽  
Yanqi Zhang ◽  
Kristi M Crowe-White ◽  
Katelyn E Senkus ◽  
Maddy E Erwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

ABSTRACT Background Vitamin A (VA) has been demonstrated to be a regulator of adipose tissue (AT) development in adult obese models. However, little is known about the effect of VA on obesity-associated developmental and metabolic conditions in early life. Objectives We aimed to assess the effects of dietary VA supplementation during suckling and postweaning periods on the adiposity and metabolic health of neonatal and weanling rats from mothers consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a normal-fat diet (NFD; 25% fat; n = 2) or an HFD (50% fat; n = 2), both with 2.6 mg VA/kg. Upon delivery, half of the rat mothers were switched to diets with supplemented VA at 129 mg/kg, whereas the other half remained at 2.6 mg VA/kg. Four groups of rat pups were designated as NFD, NFD + VA, HFD, and HFD + VA, respectively. At postnatal day (P)14, P25, and P35, pups (n = 4 or 3/group) were killed. Body weight (BW), visceral white AT (WAT) mass, brown AT (BAT) mass, uncoupling protein 1 mRNA expression in BAT, serum glucose, lipids, adipokines, and inflammatory biomarkers, as well as serum and AT redox status were assessed. Results Rat pups in the HFD group exhibited significantly higher BW, WAT mass, and serum glucose and leptin but reduced BAT mass compared with the NFD group. Without affecting the dietary intake, supplementing the HFD with VA significantly reduced the BW and WAT mass of pups but increased the BAT mass, significantly lowered the systemic and WAT oxidative stress, and modulated serum adipokines and lipids to some extent. Conclusions VA supplementation during suckling and postweaning periods attenuated metabolic perturbations caused by excessive fat intake. Supplementing maternal or infant obesogenic diets with VA or establishing a higher RDA of VA for specific populations should be studied further for managing overweight/obesity in early life.

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