scholarly journals Digital Form Finding Using Voronoi Pattern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Capone ◽  
Emanuela Lanzara ◽  
Francesco Paolo Antonio Portioli ◽  
Francesco Flore
Keyword(s):  
Software Tool ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Shape Design ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Form Finding ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Block Modeling ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Digital Stereotomy

AbstractStarting from funicular models, chain models and hanging membranes, the role of 3D physical models in optimized shape research is the basis of form-finding strategies. Advances in structural optimized shape design derive from the wide spread of special digital form-finding tools. The goal of this paper is to test and evaluate interdisciplinary approaches based on computational tools useful in the form finding of efficient structural systems. This work is aimed at designing an inverse hanging shape subdivided into polygonal voussoirs (Voronoi patterns) by relaxing a planar discrete and elastic system, loaded at each point and anchored along its boundary. The workflow involves shaping, discretization (from pre-shaped paneling to digital stereotomy) and structural analysis carried out using two modeling approaches, finite element and rigid block modeling, using an in-house software tool, LiABlock_3D (MATLAB®), to check the stress state and to evaluate the equilibrium stability of the final shell.

scholarly journals Using chemical biology to assess and modulate mitochondria: progress and challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20160151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Logan ◽  
Michael P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The Many ◽  
Opening Up

Our understanding of the role of mitochondria in biomedical sciences has expanded considerably over the past decade. In addition to their well-known metabolic roles, mitochondrial are also central to signalling for various processes through the generation of signals such as ROS and metabolites that affect cellular homeostasis, as well as other processes such as cell death and inflammation. Thus, mitochondrial function and dysfunction are central to the health and fate of the cell. Consequently, there is considerable interest in better understanding and assessing the many roles of mitochondria. Furthermore, there is also a growing realization that mitochondrial are a promising drug target in a wide range of pathologies. The application of interdisciplinary approaches at the interface between chemistry and biology are opening up new opportunities to understand mitochondrial function and in assessing the role of the organelle in biology. This work and the experience thus gained are leading to the development of new classes of therapies. Here, we overview the progress that has been made to date on exploring the chemical biology of the organelle and then focus on future challenges and opportunities that face this rapidly developing field.

scholarly journals mumpce_py: A Python Implementation of the Method of Uncertainty Minimization Using Polynomial Chaos Expansions

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Sheen
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Polynomial Chaos ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Uncertainty Minimization ◽  
Polynomial Chaos Expansions ◽  
Parameter Values

The Method of Uncertainty Minimization using Polynomial Chaos Expansions (MUM-PCE) was developed as a software tool to constrain physical models against experimental measurements. These models contain parameters that cannot be easily determined from first principles and so must be measured, and some which cannot even be easily measured. In such cases, the models are validated and tuned against a set of global experiments which may depend on the underlying physical parameters in a complex way. The measurement uncertainty will affect the uncertainty in the parameter values.

scholarly journals Online Communities and Open Innovation

Economics ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 652-666
Author(s):  
Alberto Francesconi ◽  
Riccardo Bonazzi ◽  
Claudia Dossena
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Linear Process ◽  
Innovation Approach

Online communities are becoming an important way to support firms towards an open innovation approach. However, knowledge shared in an online community represents only a potential for firm's innovation aims. The effectiveness of exploration and exploitation of this knowledge depends on firm's absorptive capacity. In this work the authors focus on the time an idea, shared within an online community, takes to be transformed from a ‘potential' into a ‘realized' innovation by a firm. In particular, conceiving knowledge as a trajectory across pole of attraction rather than a linear process, the authors develop a model inspired by the solar system metaphor. Preliminary results from a case study are presented. They suggest firms may improve the effectiveness of absorptive capacity exploiting the mediation role of a software tool.

scholarly journals DIDACTIC ASPECTS OF TEACHING ACCOUNTING IN HIGHER SCHOOL

2013 ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
E. Y. Voronova
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Accounting Education ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches

The article considers didactic aspects of competence-based and interdisciplinary approaches to teaching accounting for university students. The author proves the necessity to improve the national accounting education aimed at cohesion of theory and practice, production of new knowledge, its spread and usage via innovation activities. The article criticizes traditional approach to typical problem-solving connected with calculations and memorizing double-entries for failing to develop student’s analytical skills. It also promotes case-studies to infuse knowledge and skills enabling students to professionally solve real life like problems which they are likely to face. The article also considers seminars in the light of communication and its frame to inform students of innovation theoretical concepts of accounting. In addition the author looks into changes in the role of the lecture teaching accounting as well as forms and methods of teaching accounting as well as forms and methods of teaching accounting due to access to IT. The article underlines the importance of increased autonomy and self-reliance of students. It also describes professional literature as a key information resource in accounting.

Marxism and Historiography: Perspectives on Roman History

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giardina
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Italian History ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Changing Role

Marxism has slowly declined in recent literature on the economic and social history of the ancient world. If one happens to run into the name of Marx or the term Marxism, it is generally within the context of polemical remark. In spite of recurrent attempts to resuscitate it as an ideal foil for anti-Communist polemic, Marxism made its final exit from the field of ancient historical studies in the 1960s, when new Marxist and Marxist-inspired historiography came to the fore. This chapter discusses the changing role of Marxism in Italian history-writing. It focuses on the historians who claim themselves as Marxists, and those who employ Marxist categories and draw on Marxist theory yet refuse to be defined as Marxists. The chapter examines the debates of the different groups on the historiographic phase marked by the circulation of Marxist concepts, analytical tools, and models outside the strictly Marxist milieu. One of the most striking aspects of this phase is the existence of a trend for the formation of research groups that shared not only an affinity or ideological adherence to Marxism, but also an interest in historical theory and a similar orientation in cultural politics. These interdisciplinary approaches stimulated the confluence of individual competences in group projects aimed at singling out new topics and developing investigational strategies. This historiographic phase also reflected a sense of community, a refusal of traditional academic hierarchies, a wish to keep individualism in check, and the rejection of erudite isolation. In Italy, these forms of association served as a means for ethical and political self-representation of cultural hegemony.

scholarly journals The Rush for Land and Agricultural Investment in Ethiopia: What We Know and What We Are Missing

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Logan Cochrane ◽  
Danielle D. Legault
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
The Government ◽  
Technical Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Investments

More than a decade has passed since the triple crises of food, energy and finance in the period 2007–2008. Those events turned global investor interest to agriculture and its commodities and thereafter the leasing of tens of millions of hectares of land. This article reviews and synthesizes the available evidence regarding the agricultural investments that have taken place in Ethiopia since that time. We use a systematic review approach to identify literature from the Web of Science and complement that with additional literature found via Google Scholar. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze the available literature. In so doing, we raise questions of data quality, by analyzing the evidence base used by many studies (the Land Matrix database) and compare it with data we obtained from the Government of Ethiopia. We find that while the Land Matrix is the largest available database, it appears to present only a fraction of the reality. In critically assessing the literature, we identify areas that have been under-researched or are missing from the literature, namely assessments of gendered impacts, the role of diaspora and domestic investors, interdisciplinary approaches (e.g., integrating climate change, biodiversity, and water), and studies that move beyond technical assessment, such as looking at the impacts on traditional knowledge and socio-cultural systems.

Neural and Kernal Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

2011 ◽  
pp. 238-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Camps-Valls ◽  
J. D. Martin-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Clinical Problems

Recently, important advances in dosage formulations, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and the emerging role of combined therapies have resulted in a substantial improvement in patients’ quality of life. Nevertheless, the increasing amounts of collected data and the non-linear nature of the underlying pharmacokinetic processes justify the development of mathematical models capable of predicting concentrations of a given administered drug and then adjusting the optimal dosage. Physical models of drug absorption and distribution and Bayesian forecasting have been used to predict blood concentrations, but their performance is not optimal and has given rise to the appearance of neural and kernel methods that could improve it. In this chapter, we present a complete review of neural and kernel models for TDM. All presented methods are theoretically motivated, and illustrative examples in real clinical problems are included.

scholarly journals Analysis of the NUPEC PSBT Tests with FLICA-OVAP

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Bucci ◽  
Philippe Fillion
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Rod Bundles ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Experimental Database ◽  
Boiling Crisis ◽  
Power Increase ◽  
Relevant Role

This paper discusses the results of a computational activity devoted to the prediction of two-phase flows in subchannels and in rod bundles. The capabilities of the FLICA-OVAP code have been tested against an extensive experimental database made available by the Japanese Nuclear Power Energy Corporation (NUPEC) in the frame of the PWR subchannel and bundle tests (PSBT) international benchmark promoted by OECD and NRC. The experimental tests herein addressed involve void fraction distributions and boiling crisis phenomena in rod bundles with uniform and nonuniform heat flux conditions. Both steady-state and transient scenarios have been addressed, including power increase, flow reduction, temperature increase, and depressurization, representative of PWR thermal-hydraulics conditions. After a brief description of the main features of FLICA-OVAP, the relevant physical models available within the code are detailed. Results obtained in the different tests included in the PSBT void distribution and DNB benchmarks are therefore reported. The relevant role of selected physical models is discussed.

Structural Supportive Software Tool for Fire PSA

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Šimurka ◽  
Ján Procháska
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
L1 And L2

Continually increasing requirements on nowadays full scope PSA L1 and L2 as whole, which is multiplied by importance of specific data for all modes of operation of nuclear power plant, highlight role of input data used in PSA quantification process. This fact also emphasizes the role of capability to process all necessary information to analyze all nuclear plant modes by appropriate way. Even if abovementioned aspects are relevant for all parts of nowadays PSAs, their importance is critical for internal hazards including specific fire analysis. Because internal fire analysis forms one of the most challenging PSA tasks, requiring interdisciplinary work including processing and integration of extensive amount of data in such a way that fire analysis results are fully consistent with internal PSA events and can be directly incorporated into PSA project. Application of tailored information system forms one of the ways to speed up analyzing process, enhances manageability and maintainability of particular PSA projects and provides effective reporting mean to document process of work as well as traceable and human readable documentation for customers. Such information system also allows implementing rapid changes in processing input data and reduces the risk of human error. Usage of information systems for modification of input data for Living PSA is invaluable. Transparent highly automatized processing of input data allows the analyst to obtain more accurate and better insight to evaluate aspects of particular fire and its consequences. This paper provides brief overview of VUJE approach and experience in this area. The paper introduces general purpose of database developed for PSA needs containing data for relevant PSA structure system and components as well as information relevant for flood and fire analyses. Paper explains as this basic data source is enhanced by adding several relatively independent tiers to employ all common data for fire PSA purpose. Paper also briefly introduces capability of such system to generate integrated documentation covering all stages of fire analyses, covering all screening stages of fire analysis as well as future plans to enhance this part of work in such a way to be capable to build automatic interface between PSA model and fire database to enable PSA model parameters automatic updating and expansion of fires in combinations of initiating events (for example Fire and seismic event).

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