Response of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Acacia mangium kraft pulp in different ECF bleaching options

The effect of oxygen (O2)-delignified pine kraft pulp pretreatment by high-purity, thermostable, and alkaline-tolerant xylanases on elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching of O2-delignification kraft pulp was studied. The study found that xylanase pretreatment preserved the intrinsic viscosity and yield of O2-delignified pulp while causing about 7% of delignification with high delignification selectivity. The xylanases with high purity, higher thermostability (75°C~80°C) in highly alkaline media (pH 8.0~9.5) could be applied on an industrial scale. Pulp pretreatment by the high-purity, thermostable, and alkaline tolerant xylanases could improve pulp brightness or reduce the chlorine dioxide (ClO2) consumption. In a D0ED1D2 bleaching sequence using the same amount of ClO2, the xylanase-pretreated pulp obtained a higher brightness (88.2% vs. 89.7% ISO) at the enzyme dose of 2 U/g pulp; or for the same brightness as control (88.2% ISO), the ClO2 dosage in the D0 stage was reduced by 27%, which represents a 16% savings in total ClO2 used for bleaching.

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Behavior of Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp Extractives Components across ECF Bleaching and Their Impact on Brightness Reversion

Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.1080/02773813.2010.502283 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 103-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Célia R. A. Maltha ◽

Luiz C. A. Barbosa ◽

Marco A. B. Azevedo ◽

Jorge L. Colodette

Keyword(s):

Kraft Pulp ◽

Brightness Reversion ◽

Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp ◽

Ecf Bleaching

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Nitrogen transforming organisms in some forest soils of Chittagong University camputs

Chittagong University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/cujbs.v3i1.13413 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 127-138

Author(s):

N Chowdhury ◽

MS Islam ◽

KT Osman

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Content ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Tectona Grandis ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Denitrifying Bacteria ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Tree Plantations

Association of nitrogen transforming bacteria in soils under six-forest tree plantations viz. Lagerstroemia speciosa, Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia mangium, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Tectona grandis, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis were assessed in the present study. Azotobacter population was the least among the nitrogen-transforming bacteria in all soils. Soils under L. speciosa had the lowest population of ammonifying, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter and denitrifying bacteria and A. auriculiformis had higher average MPN values, although E. camaldulensis had the highest Nitrobacter population. Population of the microorganisms was positively and significantly correlated with each other, except Azotobacter. Azotobacter was only significantly correlated with the denitrifying bacteria. The nitrogen-transforming microorganisms were significantly related with the total nitrogen content and pH of the forest soils. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v3i1.13413 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1&2):127-138, 2008

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Pengaruh Alkali Aktif terhadap Karakteristik Pulp Kraft Putih Acacia mangium dan Eucalyptus pellita

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v10i01.291 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Teddy Kardiansyah ◽

Susi Sugesty

Keyword(s):

Kraft Pulp ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Raw Material ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Pulp Industry ◽

Elemental Chlorine ◽

Eucalyptus Pellita ◽

Free Process ◽

Industrial Plantation

Industri pulp Indonesia saat ini memiliki masalah dalam penyediaan bahan baku kayu Acacia mangium, karena serangan penyakit tanaman dan hama. Hal ini harus diantisipasi melalui bahan baku alternatif pengganti Acacia mangium, spesies Eucalyptus pellita dipilih karena lebih tahan terhadap hama dan penyakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kualitas pulp kraft putih E. Pellita. Penelitian pembuatan pulp kertas dilakukan dengan proses kraft dengan bahan baku A. mangium dan E. pellita. Pemasakan dilakukan dengan variasi alkali aktif 16-20%, sulfiditas 28,7%, pada suhu 165 °C, rasio larutan pemasak terhadap kayu 3,5:1 dan faktor H 1.022. Pemutihan pulp dilakukan dengan proses ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) dengan tahapan OD0EoD1. Karakteristik pulp kraft hasil pemasakan A. mangium lebih tinggi pada parameter rendemen tersaring, bilangan kappa dan viskositas dibandingkan dengan E. pellita. Penggunaan alkali aktif 16% pada pemasakan A. mangium lebih rendah dari E. pellita (18%), namun kualitasnya dapat memenuhi spesifikasi kualitas pulp kraft putih sesuai SNI 6107:2015 (Pulp Kraft Putih Kayu daun) pada parameter derajat giling, derajat putih dan sifat fisik. Karakteristik pulp kraft putih A. mangium lebih tinggi pada parameter derajat giling, derajat putih dan sifat fisik dibandingkan dengan E. pellita. Namun demikian E. pellita berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Hutan Tanaman Industri sebagai bahan baku pulp.Effect of Active Alkali on Characteristic of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus pellita Bleached Kraft PulpAbstractThe Indonesian pulp industry currently has problems in supplying Acacia mangium wood raw materials, due to plant disease and pest attacks. This could be anticipated through alternative raw materials to substitute Acacia mangium, the Eucalyptus pellita species chosen because it is more resistant to pests and diseases. This study was conducted to determine the quality characteristics of E. Pellita bleached kraft pulp. The research on making paper pulp using A. mangium and E. pellita was carried out by means of the kraft process. The cooking was carried out with a variation of 16-20% active alkali, 28.7% sulfidity, at a temperature of 165°C, a liquor to wood ratio of 3.5:1 and an H factor of 1.022. The bleaching of the pulp has been carried out using the ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) process with the OD0EoD1 stage. Characteristics of kraft pulp from A. mangium cooking were higher in the screening yield, kappa number and viscosity compared to E. Pellita. The use of 16% active alkaline in cooking of A. mangium is lower than E. pellita (18%), but the quality can meet the quality specifications of white kraft pulp according to SNI 6107: 2015 (White Kraft Leaf Wood Pulp) on the parameters of milled degree, whiteness and properties. The characteristics of A. mangium white kraft pulp were higher in parameters of grind degree, whiteness and physical properties compared to E. pellita. However, E. pellita has the potential to be developed in Industrial Plantation Forests as raw material for pulp.

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Comparison of the Ability of Several White-rot Fungi to Biobleach Acacia Oxygen-delignified Kraft Pulp

Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology ◽

10.9734/ajb2t/2019/v5i330061 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sitompul Afrida ◽

Toshihiro Watanabe ◽

Yutaka Tamai

Keyword(s):

Kraft Pulp ◽

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Low Cost ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

White Rot ◽

Irpex Lacteus ◽

Lentinus Tigrinus

Previous screening analyses demonstrated that the in vivo biobleaching activities of the white-rot fungi Irpex lacteus KB-1.1 and Lentinus tigrinus LP-7 are higher than those of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor. The purpose of the current study was to examine the production of extracellular enzymes of these four white-rot fungi grown on three types of low-cost media containing agricultural and forestry waste, and to evaluate the ability of the produced extracellular enzymes to biobleach Acacia oxygen-delignified kraft pulp (A-OKP). The biobleaching activity of extracellular fractions of I. lacteus, L. tigrinus, T. versicolor, and P. chrysosporium cultures was the most pronounced after 3 days of incubation with Acacia mangium wood powder supplemented with rice bran and 1% glucose (WRBG) with resultant Kappa number reduction of 4.4%, 6.7%, 3.3%, and 3.3%, respectively. Therefore, biobleaching ability of I. lacteus and L. tigrinus have been shown to be higher than of T. versicolor and P. chrysosporium, both in vivo and in vitro.

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Evaluation of Kraft pulp yield and syringyl/guaiacyl ratio from standing trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. urophylla, Leucaena leucocephala and Casuarina junghuhniana) using portable near infrared spectroscopy

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

10.1177/09670335211063634 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 096703352110636

Author(s):

Payyavula Ramadevi ◽

Rathinam Kamalakannan ◽

Ganapathy P Suraj ◽

Deepak V Hegde ◽

Mohan Varghese

Keyword(s):

Leucaena Leucocephala ◽

Kraft Pulp ◽

Cross Validation ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Pulp Yield ◽

Mean Square ◽

Calibration Models ◽

Standing Trees ◽

G Ratio

Measurement of pulpwood traits from a standing tree has considerable advantage when screening large populations for tree selection. It reduces time and also eliminates requirements of transport, powdering, and storing the sample. This study describes estimation of Kraft pulp yield (KPY) in Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. urophylla, Leucaena leucocephala, and Casuarina junghuhniana by portable NIR spectroscopy of standing trees. Calibration models were developed for KPY estimation using portable NIR spectroscopy for the four species, along with a calibration model for syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio in E. camaldulensis. The calibration models for KPY showed R2 values ranging from 0.93 ( E. camaldulensis) to 0.83 ( L. leucocephala), and 0.95 for S/G ratio. The developed calibration models for E. camaldulensis and L. leucocephala were compared with laboratory NIR models, and a variation of <±2.0% was found between both methods. The models were validated by both external and cross validation which showed <2.0% RMSEP (root mean square error of prediction) and <2.0% RMECV (root mean square error of cross validation) in external and cross validations, respectively.

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Areas Degradated by Extraction of Clay and Revegetated with Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus camaldulensis : Using Soil Fauna as Indicator of Rehabilitation in an Area of Brazil

Land Degradation and Desertification: Assessment, Mitigation and Remediation ◽

10.1007/978-90-481-8657-0_46 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 619-626

Author(s):

Cristiane Figueira da Silva ◽

Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva ◽

William Robertson Duarte da Oliveira ◽

Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia ◽

Marco Antonio Martins

Keyword(s):

Soil Fauna ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis

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Detoxification of Kraft pulp ECF bleaching effluents by catalytic hydrotreatment

Water Research ◽

10.1016/j.watres.2006.11.018 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 915-923 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

L. Calvo ◽

M.A. Gilarranz ◽

J.A. Casas ◽

A.F. Mohedano ◽

J.J. Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Kraft Pulp ◽

Ecf Bleaching

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ECF Bleaching of Pre-Hydrolyzed Larix Kraft Pulp for Production of Dissolving Pulp

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.386 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 634-638 ◽

pp. 386-390

Author(s):

Zhi Li ◽

Jun Li ◽

Jun Xu

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Chlorine Dioxide ◽

Kraft Pulp ◽

Kappa Number ◽

Alkaline Extraction ◽

Polymerization Degree ◽

Oxygen Delignification ◽

Elemental Chlorine ◽

Pulp Properties ◽

Ecf Bleaching

Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) bleaching sequence of O1/O2D0EOPD1D2 was adopted to bleach the pro-hydrolyzed Larix kraft pulp, where O1/O2 was two-stage oxygen delignification without interstage treatment, D was chlorine dioxide bleaching, EOP was pressurized alkaline extraction strengthened by hydrogen peroxide. Keeping bleaching temperature and time unchanged, sodium hydroxide charge(NaOH) in O1 stage, chlorine dioxide(ClO2) charge in D0 stage and D2 stage were studied, pulp properties such as brightness, kappa number, alpha-cellulose, pentosan and polymerization degree were measured and compared to establish optimal bleaching conditions. Results show that the optimal charge of NaOH in O1 stage is 2.5%, ClO2 in D0 and D2 stage are 2.5%, 0.6%, and the pulp gained at the optimal bleaching conditions has the properties of 93.9% of alpha-cellulose, 2.60% of pentosan, 375.5 ml/g of viscosity and 86.6%ISO of brightness.

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Enzymes improve ECF bleaching of pulp

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.1.1.34-44 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 34-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Keyword(s):

Chlorine Dioxide ◽

Acid Treatment ◽

Kraft Pulp ◽

Elemental Chlorine ◽

Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp ◽

Mediator System ◽

Pulp Properties ◽

Laccase Enzyme ◽

Ecf Bleaching ◽

Appreciable Reduction

The delignification efficiency of different laccase enzymes was examined on the eucalyptus Kraft pulp. The laccase enzyme from Trametes versicolor showing the highest delignification efficiency was selected and used in the elemental chlorine-free bleaching sequence for improving the pulp bleachability. A n appreciable reduction in chlorine dioxide consumption was also obtained. Further reduction in chlorine dioxide consumption was obtained when the same laccase treated pulp was subjected to an acid treatment after the extraction stage followed by the DE P D sequence. Elemental-chlorine free bleaching was also performed using the xylanase-laccase treated pulp. Xylanase treatment was incorporated to the laccase mediator system in the elemental-chlorine free bleaching both sequentially and simultaneously. The bleaching sequence DE P D followed and in both the cases, the reduction in chlorine dioxide consumption was greater in comparison to the control. The chlorine dioxide consumption was reduced further when xylanase-laccase treated pulp was given an additional acid treatment. The final pulp properties of the treated pulps were comparable to the control pulp.

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