Abstract
Background
Available data on the long-term impact of coronary artery calcification (CAC) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) are limited.
Purpose
We evaluated the long-term impact of CAC on outcomes after PCI and the respective performance of first- and second-generation DES.
Methods
We pooled patient-level data from 18 randomized trials evaluating DES categorized according to the presence of angiographic core lab-confirmed moderate or severe CAC in any target lesion. Outcome measures of interest were the patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE; death, myocardial infarction [MI], or any revascularization), the device-oriented composite endpoint of target lesion failure (TLF; cardiac death, target vessel MI or ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization), and definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST). Multivariable Cox proportional regression with study as a random effect was used to assess 5-year outcomes.
Results
A total of 19,833 patients were included. Moderate or severe CAC was present in 6211 (31.3%) patients and associated with increased 5-year risk of the POCE (adjHR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.20, p<0.001), TLF (adjHR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09–1.35, p<0.001), and a trend for greater ST (adjHR 1.24, 95% CI 0.99–1.54, p=0.06). In patients with CAC, second-generation DES were associated with a reduction in the 5-year risk of TLF and ST, and a trend for reduced POCE compared with first-generation DES (Table).
Conclusion
In this large-scale study, target lesion moderate or severe CAC was associated with adverse patient- and device-related outcomes at 5 years, risks that were reduced but not eliminated with second-generation DES.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This investigator-sponsored study was funded by Abbott Vascular.
TCT-238 Low Event Rates At Long-term Follow-up In The Randomized Myocardial Infarction XAMI Trial Comparing First And Second Generation Drug Eluting Stents