scholarly journals Diagnostic value of video-oculography in progressive supranuclear palsy: a controlled study in 100 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Wunderlich ◽  
Anna Behler ◽  
Jens Dreyhaupt ◽  
Albert C. Ludolph ◽  
Elmar H. Pinkhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Video Oculography ◽  
Saccade Velocity ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Vertical Saccade ◽  
Saccadic Intrusions

Abstract Background The eponymous feature of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is oculomotor impairment which is one of the relevant domains in the Movement Disorder Society diagnostic criteria. Objective We aimed to investigate the value of specific video-oculographic parameters for the use as diagnostic markers in PSP. Methods An analysis of video-oculography recordings of 100 PSP patients and 49 age-matched healthy control subjects was performed. Gain of smooth pursuit eye movement and latency, gain, peak eye velocity, asymmetry of downward and upward velocities of saccades as well as rate of saccadic intrusions were analyzed. Results Vertical saccade velocity and saccadic intrusions allowed for the classification of about 70% and 56% of the patients, respectively. By combining both parameters, almost 80% of the PSP patients were covered, while vertical velocity asymmetry was observed in approximately 34%. All parameters had a specificity of above 95%. The sensitivities were lower with around 50–60% for the velocity and saccadic intrusions and only 27% for vertical asymmetry. Conclusions In accordance with oculomotor features in the current PSP diagnostic criteria, video-oculographic assessment of vertical saccade velocity and saccadic intrusions resulted in very high specificity. Asymmetry of vertical saccade velocities, in the opposite, did not prove to be useful for diagnostic purposes.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value in colorectal tumorous lesions of SDC2/TFPI2 methylation based on bowel subsite difference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianglu Zhang ◽  
Lanlan Dong ◽  
Changming Lu ◽  
Wenxian Huang ◽  
Cuiping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Auc Value

AbstractBackgroundSDC2 methylation is a potential biomarker for colorectal cancer detection with specificity over 90%, but its sensitivity is usually less than 90%. The study aims to improve the sensitivity and specificity by adding TFPI2 methylation as a complement.MethodsTFPI2 was identified using colorectal cancer samples from TCGA database with SDC2 methylation level lower than 0.2. SDC2/TFPI2 methylation specific PCR was performed using tissue samples (184 cancer and 54 healthy control) and stool samples (289 cancer, 190 adenoma and 217 healthy control). Detection sensitivity was calculated among tumors from different biopsy locations.Results88% of 50 TCGA specimens of colorectal cancer with SDC2 methylation level lower than 0.2 showed TFPI2 methylation level higher than 0.2. SDC2/TFPI2 combined detection in stool specimens showed AUC value of 0.98 with the specificity of 96.40% and sensitivity of 96.60% for cancer vs control, AUC value of 0.87 with the specificity of 95.70% and sensitivity of 80.00% for adenoma vs control. The sensitivities were much higher than those of SDC2, and the improvement was most significant in lesions from left colon and rectum.ConclusionsThis research indicated that the addition of TFPI2 can reduce the miss detection rate of colorectal cancer and adenomas while maintaining high specificity, probably by finding neoplasms in left colon.The method is non-invasive and has good compliance, also avoiding the pain of bowel preparation and risk of cross infection during endoscopy, so it will provide an easy and precise tool for colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions screening.

Positron emission mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Farahati ◽  
A. G. Müller ◽  
E. Gillman ◽  
M. Hentschel ◽  
F. H. H. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Glandular Tissue ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Positron Emission Mammography ◽  
Positron Emission

SummaryAim: To evaluate the diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity) of positron emission mammography (PEM) in a single site non-interventional study using the maximum PEM uptake value (PUVmax). Patients, methods: In a singlesite, non-interventional study, 108 patients (107 women, 1 man) with a total of 151 suspected lesions were scanned with a PEM Flex Solo II (Naviscan) at 90 min p.i. with 3.5 MBq 18F-FDG per kg of body weight. In this ROI(region of interest)-based analysis, maximum PEM uptake value (PUV) was determined in lesions, tumours (PUVmaxtumour), benign lesions (PUVmaxnormal breast) and also in healthy tissues on the contralateral side (PUVmaxcontralateral breast). These values were compared and contrasted. In addition, the ratios of PUVmaxtumour / PUVmaxcontralateral breast and PUVmaxnormal breast / PUVmaxcontralateral breast were compared. The image data were interpreted independently by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians and compared with histology in cases of suspected carcinoma. Results: Based on a criteria of PUV>1.9, 31 out of 151 lesions in the patient cohort were found to be malignant (21%). A mean PUVmaxtumour of 3.78 ± 2.47 was identified in malignant tumours, while a mean PUVmaxnormal breast of 1.17 ± 0.37 was reported in the glandular tissue of the healthy breast, with the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001). Similarly, the mean ratio between tumour and healthy glandular tissue in breast cancer patients (3.15 ± 1.58) was found to be significantly higher than the ratio for benign lesions (1.17 ± 0.41, p < 0.001). Conclusion: PEM is capable of differentiating breast tumours from benign lesions with 100% sensitivity along with a high specificity of 96%, when a threshold of PUVmax >1.9 is applied.

scholarly journals Clinical application of the 2011 IFCPC colposcope terminology

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Zhang ◽  
Shuhui Hong ◽  
Guihui Zhang ◽  
Fengnian Rong
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Cervical Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Common Sign

Abstract Background Colposcopy offers an accurate way to the diagnose of cervical precancerous lesions. However, the diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy is unsatisfied. This study was to evaluate colposcopic accuracy according to the 2011 International Federation of Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (IFCPC) terminology. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in 1,838 patients who underwent colposcopy in Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University from October 2013 to April 2018. Using conization or cervical biopsy pathology as the gold standard, the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and pathologic diagnosis was calculated, and correlations between variables were analyzed. Results As an authoritative and widely used terminology for colposcopy diagnosis, the 2011 IFCPC terminology has certain clinical practicality and diagnostic accuracy. However, some signs such as mosaic, punctation, sharp border, inner border sign and ridge sign had high specificity but unsatisfactory sensitivity, which limited the diagnostic value. Therefore, we discussed the Lugol’s staining, a very common sign in colposcopy, and analyzed the diagnostic significance of bright yellow staining in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and mustard yellow staining in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). The results showed that mustard yellow may be a valuable indicator in the diagnosis of HSIL. Conclusion The 2011 IFCPC colposcope terminology has standardized interpretations of the colposcopic findings and improved the accuracy of colposcopy diagnosis. The aceto-white epithelium still has important diagnostic value; however, the value of a few signs is needed to be discussed and new signs are expected to be discovered. Although the significance of Lugol’s staining was diminishing, mustard yellow might be a valuable indicator for the diagnosis of HSIL.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Telomerase Activity in Patients With Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Peng ◽  
Jinze Li ◽  
Chunyang Meng ◽  
Jinming Li ◽  
Dandan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of telomerase activity (TA) for bladder cancer (BC) by meta-analysis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of studies published on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 1, 2019. We used Stata 15 and Review Manager 5.3 for calculations and statistical analysis.ResultsTo evaluate the diagnostic value of TA for BC, we performed a meta-analysis on 22 studies, with a total of 2,867 individuals, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The pooled parameters were calculated from all studies, and we found a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72–0.84), a specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87–0.94), a PLR of 8.91 (95% CI: 5.91–13.43), an NLR of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.15–0.37), a DOR of 37.90 (95% CI: 23.32–61.59), and an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94). We also conducted a subgroup analysis based on the different stages and grades of BC. Results from the subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in TA in either high and low stages of BC, but that low-grade tumors had a lower TA than high-grade tumours.ConclusionsTA can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of bladder cancer with its high specificity. Rigorous and high-quality prospective studies are required to verify our conclusion.

Circulating miR-126 as a Potential Non-invasive Biomarker for Intracranial Aneurysmal Rupture: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianing Wu ◽  
Ilgiz Gareev ◽  
Ozal Beylerli ◽  
Albert Mukhamedzyanov ◽  
Valentin Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
New Biomarkers

Aim: Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are characterized by abnormal dilation and thinning of the cerebral vessels wall, leading to rupture and life-threatening aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) condition. This dictates the need to find new biomarkers that predict the presence of IAs and the risk of their rupture. The aim of this study was to measure circulating miR-126 at various time points post-aSAH to identify the timing of peak levels. Methods: Plasma samples from 62 patients with unruptured IAs (UIAs), 80 patients with aSAH at various time points (1, 3, 7, and 14 days post-event), and 47 healthy control were collected and subjected to qRT-PCR analyses for the expression levels of circulating miR-126. ROC curve and AUC were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miR-126. Results: The expression levels of circulating miR-126 were increased in patients with UIAs than in the healthy control. Furthermore, the expression levels of circulating miR-126 rose substantially from day 1 to day 7, but with a moderate decrease from day 7 to day 14 in plasma of patients with aSAH. The peak was observed on day 7. The AUC for miR-126 was 0.75, 0.75, 0.82, 0.87, and 0.79, respectively, and demonstrated that circulating miR-126 displayed considerable accuracy in discriminating plasma of patients with UIAs and patients after aSAH at various time points from a healthy control. Conclusion: Our results indicated that circulating miR-126 in plasma samples could be served as a potential non-invasive biomarker in IAs detection and prevention IAs with a high risk of rupture.

scholarly journals The Rule of Histology in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Infection: Specific Granulocyte Counting Methods and New Immunohistologic Staining Techniques may Increase the Diagnostic Value

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Boettner ◽  
Gabriele Koehler ◽  
Alexander Wegner ◽  
Tom Schmidt-Braekling ◽  
Georg Gosheger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Hip And Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Intraoperative Test

Objective: The current study investigates the diagnostic accuracy of the criteria described for frozen sections and whether modern leukocyte specific staining techniques including leukocyte peroxidase and Naphtol-AS-D-chloroacetate-esterase will improve the accuracy of the intra-operative histology. Method: 77 patients undergoing revision total hip and knee arthroplasty were included in this retrospective study. Patients were grouped into septic and aseptic based on intraoperative cultures. Tissue samples were analyzed utilizing the Mirra, Feldman, Lonner, Banit and Athanasou criteria. Results: An experienced pathologist had a high specificity (96%), but rather low sensitivity (57%) diagnosing infection. By using the Banit-, Mirra-, or Athanasou-criteria the sensitivity is increased to 0.90. The Feldman- and Lonner-criteria have a lower sensitivity (0.48 and 0.38), however, an increased specificity of 0.96 and 0.98, respectively. The Banit cut off has the highest accuracy (86%). MPOX and NACE staining increased the sensitivity and accuracy up to 100% and 92% respectively. Conclusion: Banit’s cut off is the most accurate histologic criteria to diagnose infection. Modern leukocyte specific staining techniques slightly improve the accuracy. The synovial fluid white blood cell count appears to be the most accurate intraoperative test.

scholarly journals The Significance of Routine Biochemical Markers in Patients With Sepsis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Meng ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Wenbin Qiao ◽  
Yumei LIU ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: Sepsis is a highly complex and fatal syndrome. It is the main cause of death in the intensive care unit. Early diagnosis is beneficial to reduce the mortality of sepsis and improve the prognosis of patients. Therefore, we look forward to finding cheap and fast diagnostic criteria to quickly assess the patient's condition.Methods: This is a retrospective study. The study enrolled 499 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 1, 2018 to June 22, 2020, and 96 healthy cases in the same period. Using the diagnostic criteria of bacterial infection, SIRS criteria and Sepsis-2 consensus criteria, 499 patients and 96 healthy cases were divided into 4 groups: sepsis group (n=300), SIRS group (n=151), infection group (n= 48), the control group (n=96). We collected the results of routine laboratory tests, inflammation indicators and blood culture results of these patients. Results: The sepsis group compared with the control group, MCV, NE, WBC, PLT, HB, D-Dimer, PT, CRP, PCT, IL-6, ALB, TBIL, Cr, LAC, CysC and BNP were statistically significant. D-dimer, CRP and PCT have higher diagnostic efficiency. Compared with the difference between the infection group and the SIRS group, PLT and IL-6 are statistically significant, and have a certain diagnostic value. Sepsis group VS infection group, WBC, IL-6, NE and TBIL showed statistical differences in the comparison. The AUC of NE was 67.6, which was the largest among the three. The specificity (95.8%) was the highest, but the sensitivity (49%) was low.Conclusions: This retrospective study shows that NE, WBC, and D-dimer can help in the early diagnosis of sepsis. D-dimer performs best. WBC and NE may have a differential diagnosis significance between the sepsis group and the infection group. This result can provide a timely and convenient assessment tool for early diagnosis of sepsis.

scholarly journals Basal level of luteinizing hormone as a key marker of the idiopathic central hypogonadism in women

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Loktionova ◽  
I. A. Ilovayskaya
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
Fertile Women

Background: Central hypogonadism (CH) is a syndrome characterized by low levels of peripheral sex steroid hormones due to the lack of central (hypothalamic-pituitary) regulation of reproductive system. In females, CH clinically manifests by amenorrhea, anovulation, and infertility. The classical diagnostic criteria of CH in the absence of organic disease of hypothalamic-pituitary region (“idiopathic” CH) include low gonadotropin levels; however, their levels within the reference ranges do not exclude CH. Moreover, reference ranges for these parameters are different between laboratories. Thus, currently no clear laboratory diagnostic criteria for female CH are available.Aim: To determine the diagnostic value of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) basal levels for the confirmation of CH diagnosis in women and to identify cutoffs of basal gonadotropins levels, which can be considered as diagnostic criteria for female CH.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 87 women: 49 with confirmed CH, aged 18 to 36 years (median, 24 [Q21; Q29]), and 38 healthy fertile women with regular menstrual cycles aged 21 to 45 years (median, 23 [Q23; Q28]). In all subjects, LH, FSH, estradiol, testosterone, prolactin, and free thyroxin levels were measured by chemiluminiscent immunoassay.Results: LH, FSH, estradiol, and prolactin levels in the CH patients were significantly lower than those in healthy subjects. The ROC analysis showed that LH level ≤ 1.95 ME/l indicated the central genesis of hypogonadism with sensitivity of 81.25% and specificity of 91.89%. Basal FSH level ≤ 5.075 ME/l had a 70.00% sensitivity and 77.14% specificity for CH diagnosis.Conclusion: Basal LH level ≤ 1.95 ME/l measured by chemiluminiscent immunoassay can be considered as an idiopathic CH diagnostic criterion in female with amenorrhea due to the hypoestrogenemia with sensitivity of > 80% and specificity > 90%.

Does antrochoanal polyp present with epistaxis?

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Sayed ◽  
E E Abu-Dief
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Antrochoanal Polyp ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Recurrent Epistaxis ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning

AbstractObjective:To compare the gross and microscopic appearance of antrochoanal polyps associated with recurrent epistaxis, with those with a more typical presentation.Design:Prospective, controlled study.Methods:All patients underwent clinical and endoscopic examination, computed tomography scanning, and examination under anaesthesia, in order to detect the gross diagnostic criteria for antrochoanal polyp. Histological findings on light microscopy were compared for polyps presenting with epistaxis versus those without. The number of predominant inflammatory cells in the corium was determined in both groups and statistically compared using the Studentt-test.Results:Recurrent epistaxis was a presenting symptom in 10/84 (11.9 per cent) patients with gross diagnostic criteria for antrochoanal polyp. Grossly, these patients' polyps had a reddish, vascular surface in parts. Histologically, these polyps showed a highly vascular stroma with multiple dilated blood vessels, the typical appearance of an angiomatous antrochoanal polyp. Thrombi at different stages of development were detected, with no infarcts. The remaining cases (88.1 per cent) had no history of epistaxis; histologically, these patients' polyps showed an oedematous connective tissue core with few inflammatory cells. Plasma cells were predominant in the angiomatous polyps, being significantly more prevalent than in the ordinary antrochoanal polyps (p < 0.00).Conclusions:It would appear that only angiomatous antrochoanal polyps present with epistaxis. Detection of the characteristic gross appearance of these polyps may help avoid unwanted surgery. Histopathological analysis confirms the diagnosis. A significantly increased number of plasma cells may be the underlying cause of the histological changes seen in angiomatous antrochoanal polyps.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document