Radiation and reticulation: extensive introgressive hybridization in the carabid beetles Ohomopterus inferred from mitochondrial gene genealogy

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sota
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Gene Genealogy

scholarly journals DNA barcoding cannot reliably identify species of the blowfly genus Protocalliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1619) ◽  
pp. 1731-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L Whitworth ◽  
R.D Dawson ◽  
H Magalon ◽  
E Baudry
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Mtdna Introgression ◽  
Mtdna Haplotype

In DNA barcoding, a short standardized DNA sequence is used to assign unknown individuals to species and aid in the discovery of new species. A fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 is emerging as the standard barcode region for animals. However, patterns of mitochondrial variability can be confounded by the spread of maternally transmitted bacteria that cosegregate with mitochondria. Here, we investigated the performance of barcoding in a sample comprising 12 species of the blow fly genus Protocalliphora , known to be infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia . We found that the barcoding approach showed very limited success: assignment of unknown individuals to species is impossible for 60% of the species, while using the technique to identify new species would underestimate the species number in the genus by 75%. This very low success of the barcoding approach is due to the non-monophyly of many of the species at the mitochondrial level. We even observed individuals from four different species with identical barcodes, which is, to our knowledge, the most extensive case of mtDNA haplotype sharing yet described. The pattern of Wolbachia infection strongly suggests that the lack of within-species monophyly results from introgressive hybridization associated with Wolbachia infection. Given that Wolbachia is known to infect between 15 and 75% of insect species, we conclude that identification at the species level based on mitochondrial sequence might not be possible for many insects. However, given that Wolbachia -associated mtDNA introgression is probably limited to very closely related species, identification at the genus level should remain possible.

Taxonomic uncertainty of a highly endangered brook damselfly, Copera tokyoensis Asahina, 1948 (Odonata: Platycnemididae), revealed by the mitochondrial gene genealogy

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Kiyoshi ◽  
Jun-ichi Takahashi ◽  
Takehiko Yamanaka ◽  
Koichi Tanaka ◽  
Kenji Hamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Gene Genealogy ◽  
Taxonomic Uncertainty

scholarly journals Genetic variation of the Chilean endemic long-haired mouse Abrothrix longipilis (Rodentia, Supramyomorpha, Cricetidae) in a geographical and environmental context

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Valdez ◽  
Marcial Quiroga-Carmona ◽  
Guillermo D’Elía
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽  
Gene Genealogy ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Isolation By Environment

Quaternary climate and associated vegetational changes affected the fauna of the Chilean Mediterranean ecosystem. Here we studied the genetic variation of the long-haired mouse, Abrothrix longipilis, a sigmodontine rodent endemic to this area. Within an environmentally explicit context, we examined the geographic distribution of the genetic diversity and demographic history of the species based on sequences of the mitochondrial Cytochrome-b gene of 50 individuals from 13 localities and a large panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms of 17 individuals from 6 localities. The gene genealogy of A. longipilis revealed three intraspecific lineages that are allopatric and latitudinally segregated (northern, central, and southern lineages) with an estimated crown age for the whole species clade of 552.3 kyr B.P. A principal component analysis based on 336,596 SNP loci is in line with the information given by the the mitochondrial gene genealogy. Along its complete distributional range, A. longipilis showed patterns of isolation by distance and also isolation by environment. The general pattern of historical demography showed stability for most intraspecific lineages of A. longipilis. Northern and central lineages showed signals of historical demographic stability, while the southern lineage showed contrasting signals. In agreement with this, the niche models performed showed that in the northern range of A. longipilis, areas of high suitability for this species increased towards the present time; areas of central range would have remained relatively stable, while southern areas would have experienced more change through time. In summary, our study shows three distinct allopatric lineages of A. longipilis, each showing slightly different demographic history.

Mitochondrial and nuclear genetic relationships of deer (Odocoileus spp.) in western North America

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1270-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
North America ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Mtdna Sequence

Odocoileus hemionus (mule deer and black-tailed deer) and Odocoileus virginanus (white-tailed deer) are sympatric in western North America and are characterized by distinct morphology, behavior, and allozyme allele frequencies. However, there is discordance among nuclear and mitochondrial genetic relationships, as mule deer (O. h. hemionus) and white-tailed deer have similar mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which is very different from that of black-tailed deer (O. h. columbianus, O. h. sitkensis). I expanded previous studies to clarify the genetic relationships of these groups by determining mtDNA haplotype and allozyme genotypes for 667 deer from several locations in northwestern North America. Different mtDNA haplotypes in mule deer, black-tailed deer, and white-tailed deer indicate that mitochondrial gene flow is restricted. Allozyme allele frequencies indicate that there is also restriction of nuclear gene flow between O. virginianus and O. hemionus, and to a lesser extent between mule deer and black-tailed deer. There is a low level of introgressive hybridization of mtDNA from mule deer and black-tailed deer into white-tailed deer populations and considerable interbreeding of mule deer and black-tailed deer in a contact zone. The discordance of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes is apparent only if mtDNA sequence divergences, and not haplotype frequencies, are considered.

scholarly journals Diversification in a fluctuating island setting: rapid radiation of Ohomopterus ground beetles in the Japanese Islands

2008 ◽  
Vol 363 (1508) ◽  
pp. 3377-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teiji Sota ◽  
Nobuaki Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Japanese Islands

The Japanese Islands have been largely isolated from the East Asian mainland since the Early Pleistocene, allowing the diversification of endemic lineages. Here, we explore speciation rates and historical biogeography of the ground beetles of the subgenus Ohomopterus (genus Carabus ) based on nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences. Ohomopterus diverged into 15 species during the Pleistocene. The speciation rate was 1.92 Ma –1 and was particularly fast (2.37 Ma –1 ) in a group with highly divergent genitalia. Speciation occurred almost solely within Honshu, the largest island with complex geography. Species diversity is highest in central Honshu, where closely related species occur parapatrically and different-sized species co-occur. Range expansion of some species in the past has resulted in such species assemblages. Introgressive hybridization, at least for mitochondrial DNA, has occurred repeatedly between species in contact, but has not greatly disturbed species distinctness. Small-island populations of some species were separated from main-island populations only after the last glacial (or the last interglacial) period, indicating that island isolation had little role in speciation. Thus, the speciation and formation of the Ohomopterus assemblage occurred despite frequent opportunities for secondary contact and hybridization and the lack of persistent isolation. This radiation was achieved without substantial ecological differentiation, but with marked differentiation in mechanical agents of reproductive isolation (body size and genital morphology).

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