Socio-ecological resilience to climate change effects in peri-urban areas: insights from the Pugu and Kazimzumbwi forest reserves of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

AbstractWhile a growing literature studies the effects of climate change on international migration, still only relatively little is known about the individual mechanisms linking migration decisions to climate change. We argue that climate change literacy (i.e., knowledge about climate change) is a major determinant of why some individuals consider migrating to other countries in response to climate change effects. In particular, climate change literacy helps individuals translate their perceptions of temperature changes into an understanding of these changes’ irreversible long-term consequences. We test this hypothesis using highly accurate geo-coded data for 37,000 individuals across 30 African countries. We show that climate change indeed leads to stronger migration intentions among climate literates only. Furthermore, we show that climate change only increases migration intentions among climate literates when it is approximated by long-run increases in local temperatures, but not when operationalized as changing heat wave or precipitation patterns. Further analyses show that climate literates are more likely to live in urban areas, have a higher news consumption, are highly educated, and have demanding occupations. Consequently, climate change may further deprive affected countries of valuable talent.

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Conceptual Frameworks for Assessing Climate Change Effects on Urban Areas: A Scoping Review

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131910794 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 10794

Author(s):

Florian Klopfer ◽

René Westerholt ◽

Dietwald Gruehn

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Future Research ◽

Conceptual Frameworks ◽

Climate Change Effects ◽

International Panel ◽

Climate Change Assessment ◽

Adaptation Action

Urban areas are amongst the most adversely affected regions by current and future climate change effects. One issue when it comes to measuring, for example, impacts, vulnerabilities, and resilience in preparation of adaptation action is the abundance of conceptual frameworks and associated definitions. Frequently, those definitions contradict each other and shift over time. Prominently, in the transition from the IPCC AR (International Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report) 4 to the IPCC AR 5, a number of conceptual understandings have changed. By integrating common concepts, the literature review presented intends to thoroughly investigate frameworks applied to assess climate change effects on urban areas, creating an evidence base for research and politically relevant adaptation. Thereby, questions concerning the temporal development of publication activity, the geographical scopes of studies and authors, and the dominant concepts as applied in the studies are addressed. A total of 50 publications is identified following screening titles, abstracts, and full texts successively based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Major findings derived from our literature corpus include a recently rising trend in the number of publications, a focus on Chinese cities, an imbalance in favor of authors from Europe and North America, a dominance of the concept of vulnerability, and a strong influence of the IPCC publications. However, confusion regarding various understandings remains. Future research should focus on mainstreaming and unifying conceptual frameworks and definitions as well as on conducting comparative studies.

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Vulnerability of Transport Networks to Multi-Scenario Flooding and Optimum Location of Emergency Management Centers

Water ◽

10.3390/w11061197 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1197 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alfredo Pérez-Morales ◽

Francisco Gomariz-Castillo ◽

Pablo Pardo-Zaragoza

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Emergency Management ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Effective Management ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

The Road ◽

Climate Change Effects ◽

The Face ◽

Potential Damage

Floods are the climatic factors that cause more significant impacts on transportation infrastructures. This circumstance could get worse, taking into account climate change effects. The literature points out different adaptation measures to minimize the possible increasing effects caused by climate change. Among them is the improvement of the vulnerability of a transport network and Emergency Management Systems. The effective management of emergencies is of vital importance to minimize the potential damage resulting from a catastrophe. Given such circumstances, analysis of the vulnerability of networks is a technique whose results highlight deficiencies and serve as support for future decisions concerning the transformation of the network or the installation of new emergency centers. The main objective of this research is to highlight the vulnerability of the road network in a variety of multi-contingency scenarios related to flooding and to identify the optimal location for a new emergency management center based on that analysis. The results obtained could be used in urban planning tasks to improve the resilience of urban areas in the face of an increase in flood episodes caused by climate change.

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Knowledge assessment on the effects of climate change due to keeping livestock in urban and peri-urban areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

International NGO Journal ◽

10.5897/ingoj12.021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

S. Mlozi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Knowledge Assessment

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Co-producing ecosystem services for adapting to climate change

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2019.0119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 375 (1794) ◽

pp. 20190119 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sandra Lavorel ◽

Bruno Locatelli ◽

Matthew J. Colloff ◽

Enora Bruley

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Environmental Change ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Active Management ◽

Ecological Resilience ◽

Climate Change Effects ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Ecosystem Transformation ◽

Production Mechanisms

Ecosystems can sustain social adaptation to environmental change by protecting people from climate change effects and providing options for sustaining material and non-material benefits as ecological structure and functions transform. Along adaptation pathways, people navigate the trade-offs between different ecosystem contributions to adaptation, or adaptation services (AS), and can enhance their synergies and co-benefits as environmental change unfolds. Understanding trade-offs and co-benefits of AS is therefore essential to support social adaptation and requires analysing how people co-produce AS. We analysed co-production along the three steps of the ecosystem cascade: (i) ecosystem management; (ii) mobilization; and (iii) appropriation, social access and appreciation. Using five exemplary case studies across socio-ecosystems and continents, we show how five broad mechanisms already active for current ecosystem services can enhance co-benefits and minimize trade-offs between AS: (1) traditional and multi-functional land/sea management targeting ecological resilience; (2) pro-active management for ecosystem transformation; (3) co-production of novel services in landscapes without compromising other services; (4) collective governance of all co-production steps; and (5) feedbacks from appropriation, appreciation of and social access to main AS. We conclude that knowledge and recognition of co-production mechanisms will enable pro-active management and governance for collective adaptation to ecosystem transformation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions’.

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