Preparation of Liquid Epoxidized Natural Rubber by Oxidative Degradations Using Periodic Acid, Potassium Permanganate and UV-Irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1378-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pejvak Rooshenass ◽  
Rosiyah Yahya ◽  
Seng Neon Gan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber

Chemical degradation of epoxidized natural rubber using periodic acid: Preparation of epoxidized liquid natural rubber

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Phinyocheep ◽  
C. W. Phetphaisit ◽  
D. Derouet ◽  
I. Campistron ◽  
J. C. Brosse
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber

New corrosion inhibitors based on epoxidized natural rubber for coating protection of metals under UV irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issa Mousaa ◽  
Hamdi Radi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Coated Steel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coating Formulations

Purpose In the present work, under severe conditions of an inert atmosphere and high temperature, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with 25 per cent epoxidation level reacts with different aliphatic amine compounds such as ethyl amine (EA), propyl amine (PA) and butyl amine (BA) to prepare ENR/EA, ENR/PA, ENR/BA compounds as, respectively. The produced compounds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and oxirane oxygen content determination. Different concentrations of the produced compounds were added to epoxy and urethane acrylate coating formulations to evaluate them as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel under UV irradiation. Corrosion resistance tests and weight loss measurements of the coated steel panels were made. It was found that coating formulations containing the prepared ENR/EA compound could protect metal surface from corrosion, and corrosion inhibitors efficiency of the prepared compounds were arranged as follows: ENR/EA > ENR/PA > ENR/BA. The optimum concentrations for all inhibitors which give the best inhibition efficiency for corrosion are 0.4-0.6 phr. Design/methodology/approach Corrosion scratch tests were carried out according to ASTM D 1,654-92 (2000). The weight loss of coated steel was measured according to ASTM D 2,688-94 (1999). The measurement of film hardness was carried out with a Wolff–Wilborn pencil hardness tester according to ASTM D 3,363 (2000). Findings It was found that coating formulations containing the prepared ENR/EA compound could protect metal surface from corrosion and corrosion inhibitors efficiency of the prepared compounds were arranged as follows: ENR/EA > ENR/PA > ENR/BA. The optimum concentrations for all inhibitors are 0.4-0.6 g/100g coating. Originality/value A highly efficient and economically corrosion inhibitors for mild steel were prepared from ENR and series of aliphatic amines.

COMPARISON OF THREE DIFFERENT DEGRADATION METHODS TO PRODUCE LIQUID EPOXIDIZED NATURAL RUBBER

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pejvak Rooshenass ◽  
Rosiyah Yahya ◽  
Seng Neon Gan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Uv Degradation ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Potassium Peroxodisulfate ◽  
Chain Lengths

ABSTRACT Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) has a high molecular weight, which has limited its solubility and processibility. For many potential applications, such as adhesives and coatings, ENR needs to be degraded into shorter chain lengths to form liquid ENR (LENR). We compared three different methods of preparing LENR: mechanical milling, chemical degradation initiated by potassium peroxodisulfate, and photooxidation initiated by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. All the methods break down the ENR via free radicals but at different rates and by different mechanisms. In the LENR produced by these methods, ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and ester and lactone groups were observed; however, a hydrofuranic structure was only formed with UV degradation. The oxirane group was not affected significantly during the degradation, indicating that the chain sessions occurred predominantly via the –C=C– bonds. Spectroscopic analyses revealed that the consumption of a double bond is related to the extent of degradation initiated by potassium peroxodisulfate and UV irradiation. Mastication with a two roll mill produced LENR with a greater degree of unsaturation and fewer polar groups; therefore, presumably, significant chain scissions occurred from the rupturing of –C–C– single bonds. Comparing the reaction time, more LENR was obtained by UV degradation. As expected, an increase in the oxygen concentration led to the generation of more radicals, which could result in some coupling reactions.

Preparation coated of urea beads from banana peel bioplastic and epoxidized natural rubber 50

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Abdulkadir ◽  
S. A. Abdul Shukor ◽  
R. Hamzah ◽  
N. Z. Noriman ◽  
Omar S. Dahham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Banana Peel

scholarly journals Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(lactic acid) Modified with Natural Fillers (Part I)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3150
Author(s):  
Anna Masek ◽  
Stefan Cichosz ◽  
Małgorzata Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Uv Aging ◽  
High Elasticity ◽  
Natural Fillers ◽  
Natural Additives

The study aimed to prepare sustainable and degradable elastic blends of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) that were reinforced with flax fiber (FF) and montmorillonite (MMT), simultaneously filling the gap in the literature regarding the PLA-containing polymer blends filled with natural additives. The performed study reveals that FF incorporation into ENR/PLA blend may cause a significant improvement in tensile strength from (10 ± 1) MPa for the reference material to (19 ± 2) MPa for the fibers-filled blend. Additionally, it was found that MMT employment in the role of the filler might contribute to ENR/PLA plasticization and considerably promote the blend elongation up to 600%. This proves the successful creation of the unique and eco-friendly PLA-containing polymer blend exhibiting high elasticity. Moreover, thanks to the performed accelerated thermo-oxidative and ultraviolet (UV) aging, it was established that MMT incorporation may delay the degradation of ENR/PLA blends under the abovementioned conditions. Additionally, mold tests revealed that plant-derived fiber addition might highly enhance the ENR/PLA blend’s biodeterioration potential enabling faster and more efficient growth of microorganisms. Therefore, materials presented in this research may become competitive and eco-friendly alternatives to commonly utilized petro-based polymeric products.

Epoxidized Natural Rubber Compounds: Effect of Vulcanization Systems and Fillers

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANAFI ISMAIL ◽  
U. S. ISHIAKU ◽  
A. R. ARINAB ◽  
Z. A. MOHD ISHAK
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds
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