Dynamics of C, N, P and microbial community composition in particulate soil organic matter during residue decomposition

2007 ◽  
Vol 303 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Ha ◽  
P. Marschner ◽  
E. K. Bünemann
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Particulate Soil

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Organic Matter Properties and Microbial Community Composition on Enzyme Activities in Cryoturbated Arctic Soils

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e94076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Schnecker ◽  
Birgit Wild ◽  
Florian Hofhansl ◽  
Ricardo J. Eloy Alves ◽  
Jiří Bárta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Arctic Soils

scholarly journals Direct evidence for the role of microbial community composition in the formation of soil organic matter composition and persistence

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta ◽  
Melissa Shinfuku ◽  
Pilar Junier ◽  
Simon Poirier ◽  
Eric Verrecchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Matrix

AbstractThe largest terrestrial carbon sink on earth is soil carbon stocks. As the climate changes, the rate at which the Earth’s climate warms depends in part on the persistence of soil organic carbon. Microbial turnover forms the backbone of soil organic matter (SOM) formation and it has been recently proposed that SOM molecular complexity is a key driver of stability. Despite this, the links between microbial diversity, chemical complexity and biogeochemical nature of SOM remain missing. Here we tested the hypotheses that distinct microbial communities shape the composition of SOM, and microbial-derived SOM has distinct decomposition potential depending on its community of origin. We inoculated microbial communities of varying diversities into a model soil matrix amended with simple carbon (cellobiose) and measured the thermal stability of the resultant SOM. Using a Rock-Eval® ramped thermal analysis, we found that microbial community composition drives the chemical fingerprint of soil carbon. While diversity was not a driver of SOM composition, bacteria-only communities lead to more thermally labile soil C pools than communities with bacteria and fungi. Our results provide direct evidence for a link between microbial community structure, SOM composition, and thermal stability. This evidence demonstrates the relevance of soil microorganisms in building persistent SOM stocks.

Organic matter additions to soil and effects on microbially mediated carbon cycling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel hasler ◽  
Mark pawlett ◽  
Jim harris ◽  
Helen bostock ◽  
Marc redmile-gordon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Composition

<p>The type of soil organic amendment selected can have profound implications for carbon cycling processes in soils. Understanding the link between this choice and its effect on the soil microbiome will improve our understanding of the capacity of these materials to improve carbon sequestration and cycling dynamics. Understanding and facilitating the lifestyle strategies of microorganisms processing organic matter is essential to improving our understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle. This research focuses on utilising organic amendments to alter the indigenous soil microbial community composition and function to improve the capacity of the soil to cycle and store carbon in horticultural soils.  The effects of annual application of various organic fertilisers (peat, bracken, bark, horse manure, garden compost) in a long-term (10year) field experiment were explored. Sampling was completed pre and post application of organic matter within one season (following 10 years of applications) to identify which organic amendment was more effective in producing benefits to plants through improved soil organic matter and which amendments provide the greatest legacy effect on carbon cycling. The response of the soil microbial community composition (phospholipid fatty acid analysis) and carbon functional cycling dynamics (respiration using MicroResp™) were determined with a view to improving our understanding of the interaction between the materials applied and microbial processes. PCA of the MicroResp™ data identified that all treatments had a different functional profile compared to the control[PM1]  with peat being significantly different from all other treatments. Horse manure and bark differed significantly within a single growing season; prior and post organic matter addition in spring 2019.  Microbial biomass measurements for garden compost and horse manure were significantly higher following organic matter addition compared to all other treatments and the control[PM2] .  All treatments had a significant effect [PM3] on hot water extractable carbon and total carbon. Peat had a significantly different effect[PM4] , when compared to other treatments, on the soil PLFA profile and bark application significantly increased [PM5] the neutral lipid (NLFA) biomarker 16:1ω5.  Bark and horse manure application both significantly increased PLFA fungal biomarker 18:2ω6,9. No significant differences were found between the fungal/bacterial ratios of the organic matter additions prior to being added to the soil. These findings show that altering the resources available to the soil microbial community has a significant impact on soil microbial community composition and microbially mediated carbon cycling functionality. Increasing our understanding of how soil functions are altered by land management decisions will enable better informed predictions of the long-term benefits of organic matter applications on carbon sequestration and cycling dynamics.</p>

scholarly journals Changes in Microbial Community Phylogeny and Metabolic Activity Along the Water Column Uncouple at Near Sediment Aphotic Layers in Fjords

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven P. Tobias-Hünefeldt ◽  
Stephen R. Wing ◽  
Federico Baltar ◽  
Sergio E. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Potential Activity

Abstract Fjords are semi-enclosed marine systems with unique physical conditions that influence microbial community composition and structure. Pronounced organic matter and physical condition gradients within fjords provide a natural laboratory for the study of changes in microbial phylogeny and metabolic potential in response to environmental conditions. Photosynthetic production in euphotic zones sustains deeper aphotic microbial activity via organic matter sinking, augmented by large terrestrial inputs. We profiled microbial functional potential (Biolog Ecoplates), bacterial abundance, heterotrophic production (3H-Leucine incorporation), and prokaryotic/eukaryotic community composition (16S and 18S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing) to link metabolic potential, activity, and community composition to known community drivers. Similar factors shaped metabolic potential, activity and community (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) composition across surface/near surface sites. However, increased metabolic diversity at near bottom (aphotic) sites reflected an organic matter influence from sediments. Photosynthetically produced particulate organic matter shaped the upper water column community composition and metabolic potential. In contrast, microbial activity at deeper aphotic waters were strongly influenced by other organic matter imput than sinking marine snow (e.g. sediment resuspension of benthic organic matter, remineralisation of terrestrially derived organic matter, etc.), severing the link between phylogeny and metabolic potential. Taken together, different organic matter sources shape microbial activity, but not community composition, in New Zealand fjords.

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