Long-Term Effects of Acidic Deposition on Water Quality in a High-Elevation Great Smoky Mountains National Park Watershed: Use of an Ion Input–Output Budget

2009 ◽  
Vol 209 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meijun Cai ◽  
John S. Schwartz ◽  
R. Bruce Robinson ◽  
Stephen E. Moore ◽  
Matt A. Kulp
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
National Park ◽  
Acidic Deposition ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains

Water quality of streams in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Silsbee ◽  
G. L. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
National Park ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains

Impact of Tunnel Reconstruction on Stream Water Quality in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-577
Author(s):  
Kevin P. Hedrick ◽  
R. Bruce Robinson ◽  
Bruce Tschantz ◽  
Stephen E. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
National Park ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains

Activity of Stem-Injected and Soil Applied Imidacloprid Against Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Great Smoky Mountains

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Joseph Doccola
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Soil Drench ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide ◽  
Trunk Injection

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis [L.] Carrière) is an important component of the riparian ecosystem. Due to the widespread establishment of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand)(HWA) across the range of eastern hemlock, woodland trees may be infested for extended periods (years), resulting in their decline. Imidacloprid, a systemic neonicotinoid insecticide, may be used as a strategy in forested settings to manage HWA while more long-term solutions become established, such as biological controls. Symptoms of prolonged infestation include extensive dieback and thinned canopies. In this study, trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 24.7 ± 2.7 SD cm in poor condition were treated with imidacloprid. Trees were treated once by trunk-injection (IMA-jet) or by soil drench in the Greenbrier area of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatlinburg, TN, USA. Changes in tree growth and HWA density were measured for 3 consecutive years. Imidacloprid-treated trees recovered, whereas the untreated trees declined. Imidacloprid treatments resulted in significantly higher 3-year mean percent growth (65.6% to 71.7% of tips) compared to the untreated controls (10.5% of tips). HWA density 3-year means in the imidacloprid-treated trees (0.10 to 1.09 per cm) likewise were statistically different to the untreated trees (2.72 per cm). The extended activity of imidacloprid-treated hemlock was attributed to storage in the symplast (xylem ray parenchyma) and to perennial needle retention. This study demonstrates that trunk-injection with IMA-jet is effective against HWA and comparable with soil drench to protect trees in the long term (≥ 4 years).

scholarly journals Land Snails of Selected Rare High Elevation Forests and Heath Balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park

2012 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Dourson ◽  
Keith Langdon
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
High Elevation Forests ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

Abstract Selected high elevation forests and heath balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) between Newfound Gap and Thunderhead Mountain were comprehensively sampled for the first time. Thirty-three species including one new species Fumonelix langdoni (Dourson) were documented occurring at elevations between 1,372 m to 2,012 m. Two previous land snail inventories in the park by Thompson (1981) and Dourson (2005) added sixteen species, bringing the total land snail fauna to forty nine species living above 1,372 m within park boundaries. Overall species richness declines with elevation yet numbers of snails appear to change little with increasing altitude. Heath balds were comparably rich sites for gastropods, Vitrinizonites latissimus (Lewis) being the most frequently observed land snail. Mesodon altivagus, (Pilsbry) and Fumonelix jonesiana (Archer) both documented during the survey are of global importance, a result of an exceptionally restricted range within the park. One ambiguous species in the genus Fumonelix (Polygyridae) is discussed and likely represents new taxa. Appalachina chilhoweensis (J. Lewis) was found at 1,666 m, representing the highest elevation the species has been documented to date.

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