Spatial network analysis of surface soil pollution from heavy metals and some other elements: a case study of the Baotou region of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Han ◽  
Huajiao Li ◽  
Meixia Su ◽  
Pengli An
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Spatial Network ◽  
Spatial Network Analysis

scholarly journals GEOCHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SURFACE SOIL IN AL-HAWIJA, SOUTHWEST KIRKUK

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2E) ◽  
pp. 36-61
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Obeidi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources

Soil pollution adversely affects the safety and health of the human being. The main objective of the study is to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in surface soil in Al-Hawija, southwestern Kirkuk. Twenty-one samples were collected and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure the content of heavy metals and assess the soil pollution by using the contamination factor, degree of contamination, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index and ecological risk index (RI). The results indicate that there is high pollution by lead, chromium and copper (78.8, 87.4 and 53.8 mg/kg) respectively, in industrial areas due to anthropogenic sources with the presence of significant ecological risk (Er) of the lead (116) in site S7, due to its high concentrations, while size fraction analysis indicated that all heavy metals are concentrated in the fine parts as a result of adsorption processes by clay minerals.

scholarly journals Applying Some Indices for Soil Pollution Assessment in Northern Industrial Area from Erbil Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Nashmeel Khudhur ◽  
Sidra Qubad Yassin ◽  
Ahmed Saman Hassan ◽  
Mortatha Nawzad Omar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Soil Site

Soil pollution by some heavy metals including: Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd and Pb from northern industrial area of Erbil City was assessed. The contamination indices including: geoaccumulation (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), degree of contamination (Cdeg), pollution load index (PLI) and element contamination index (ECI) were applied to assess soil pollution in Erbil North Industrial area at three sites (for both surface and sub-surface soils). Maximum Fe value 34243.6 ppm was recorded in sub-surface soil (site 2). Maximum values 265.4, 248.8, 98.23 and 397.45 ppm were recorded for Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn at sub-surface soil (site 3). Whereas, maximum values of 22.52, 5.36, 23.9, 6.12 and 65.67 ppm were recorded for As, Mo, Ag, Cd and Pb at surface soil (site 3). Results of analysed heavy metals for soil Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, Cd and Pb have shown that the studied sites were severely contaminated with Cd, so the maximum detected Cd concentration was 6.12 ppm in surface soil (300 meters away from the industrial area). The soil pollution in the studied area was classified as moderate to strong surface and sub-surface soil contamination. Behavioral toxicity experiment showed slight growth effect on Lepidium sativum L.

scholarly journals A Hungarian and Ukrainian Competitors’ Network: A Spatial Network Analysis Perspective

Urban Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Jóna
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Urban Economics ◽  
Small World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Spatial Network ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
New Findings ◽  
New Type ◽  
Spatial Network Analysis

In this paper, the spatial dimensions of a transboundary, coopetitive (coopetition: cooperation of rivals) network, established by restaurant owners, are scrutinized empirically by applying advanced toolkits of spatial network analysis (SpNA). The paper emphasizes that the coopetitive network has geographical extensions, and on the other hand, interactions between vertices generate network space. The new type of economic network could thus be analyzed by SpNA to understand the spatial characteristics of a rivals’ network at transboundary level. The paper may be referred to as cutting-edge research, because on one hand, it dissects a new type of economic network (coopetitive networks) and on the other hand, a new method is utilized (SpNA) to study the geographical parameters of inter-firm relationships. This approach emerges as a novel method. As a result, the paper provides significant, fruitful and new findings in both network science and urban economics as well. By employing metrics of SpNA, the main spatial traits of the coopetitive network can be mapped, such as the circumference, spatial structure, diameter, spatial density, spatial small world phenomenon, and global connectivity of the network. The results show that the coopetitive network possesses hub-and spoke spatial framework, in which the hub is localized far from the cluster of players. Moreover, the coopetitive interaction does not require face-to-face nexus, because the focal firm communicates with them via IT devices. The coopetitive activities contribute significantly to the urban economic growth. The main agent (the hub) ought to be supported by the regional development policy at the local and inter-urban geographical scale as well.

scholarly journals sDNA: 3-d spatial network analysis for GIS, CAD, Command Line & Python

SoftwareX ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 100525
Author(s):  
Crispin H.V. Cooper ◽  
Alain J.F. Chiaradia
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Command Line ◽  
Spatial Network ◽  
Spatial Network Analysis
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