Evaluation of Ultraviolet-Light (UV-A) Emitting Diodes Technology on the Reduction of Spiked Aflatoxin B1 and Aflatoxin M1 in Whole Milk

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali H. Kurup ◽  
Ankit Patras ◽  
Brahmaiah Pendyala ◽  
Matthew J. Vergne ◽  
Rishipal R. Bansode
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Whole Milk

Reduction of Milk Contamination with Aflatoxin-M1 through Vaccination of Dairy Cattle with Aflatoxin-B1 Vaccine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Primary Vaccination ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Albumins ◽  
Milk Contamination ◽  
Before And After

Aflatoxin M1 is one of mycotoxin derivatives, which is secreted in milk of dairy cattle fed on feed contaminated with Aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1). The current study was designed to prepare a vaccine against AFB1and to evaluate its efficacy in reducing or preventing secretion of AFM1 in milk. Aflatoxin-B1 was prepared, purified and transformed into oxime, then it was fixed on bovine serum albumins. The AFB1-BSA conjugate was adjuvanted with Gold Nano particles then Montanide ISA 206. The prepared vaccine was used for immunization of rabbits by S/c routes as 100 µg/dose and dairy cattle by I/M routes as 500 µg/dose. The vaccinated animals were boosted at 3 weeks post primary immunization. Serum samples were collected and examined for the anti-AFB1 using AGPT. A mean titer of 15.2 AGPU/ml was detected at 2 weeks post primary vaccination then significantly increased till reached to 76.8 AGPU/ml at 6 weeks post Booster vaccination. All vaccinated rabbits were challenged with dose of 0.3 mg AFB1 toxin/Kg. The vaccinated rabbit showed 100% protection and no AFB1 toxin residue was detected in their livers. Milk samples were collected from non-vaccinated and AFB1-immunized dairy cattle then examined with ELISA for quantitation of AFM1 residues before and after vaccination. The results showed that the prepared AFB1 vaccine was safe, potent and able to reduce AFM1 release in milk of vaccinated heifers by 70%. So the vaccination of lactating animals with the AFB1vaccine might represent a valid tool for the prevention of AFM1 contamination of milk and dairy products.

scholarly journals Comparative binding and sequence interaction specificities of aflatoxin B1, aflatoxicol, aflatoxin M1, and aflatoxicol M1 with purified DNA.

1987 ◽  
Vol 262 (16) ◽  
pp. 7455-7462 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Mariën ◽  
R Moyer ◽  
P Loveland ◽  
K Van Holde ◽  
G Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Comparative Binding

Corn silage as a source of aflatoxin B1 in feed for dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 2759-2764
Author(s):  
DRAGAN GLAMOČIĆ ◽  
MIROSLAVA POLOVINSKI HORVATOVIĆ ◽  
IGOR JAJIĆ ◽  
SAŠA KRSTOVIĆ ◽  
MIRKO IVKOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Corn Grain

Nutrition of dairy cattle is based on two components, concentrates and forages. The main forages in Vojvodina, north province of Serbia is silage made from the whole plant of corn. After the outbreak of aflatoxin B1 in corn in 2012, the occurrence of aflatoxin B1 in corn as a source of contamination of aflatoxin M1 in milk was very broadly investigated. There is no data regarding the occurrence of aflatoxin B1 in silage and how much silage can contribute to the overall intake of aflatoxin B1 in this region. This work is an attempt to estimate how much silage, in condition and practice used in Vojvodina, contributes to the intake of aflatoxin B1, and consequently aflatoxin M1 in milk. In total, 82 samples of corn grain and 72 samples of corn silage were analyzed on the occurrence of aflatoxin B1 during 2017-2018 period. Aflatoxin B1 was found in 13.41% of corn samples in the range from 6.82 to 187.5 ppb (average 63.5 ppb). All positive samples were from 2017, while no positive samples were found during 2018. Incidence of aflatoxin B1 in silage was 54.17% in the range of 3.5-58.0 ppb (12% moisture content) or 0.95-16.1 ppb in the fresh matter. Results suggest that silage can be a significant factor to overall intake of aflatoxin B1 and that further research is needed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of ultraviolet light on bacterial contaminants inoculated into whole milk and colostrum, and on colostrum immunoglobulin G

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 2866-2875 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Pereira ◽  
M.L. Bicalho ◽  
V.S. Machado ◽  
S. Lima ◽  
A.G. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Whole Milk

Simultaneous Determination of Aflatoxin B1 and Aflatoxin M1 in Food Matrices by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiao Jiang ◽  
Zhanhui Wang ◽  
Greta Nölke ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Lanlan Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Food Matrices

Immunoassays for Analysis of Mycotoxins

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 562-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
FUN SUN CHU
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Protein Conjugates ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past

During the past few years, several laboratories have prepared specific antibodies against aflatoxins B1, M1, B2a and Q1, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, and zearalenone. These antibodies were obtained from rabbits after immunizing with various mycotoxin-protein conjugates. With the availability of these antibodies, specific, simple and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures for monitoring mycotoxins and their metabolites in foods, feeds and body fluids have been developed. In this review, details are presented for the preparation of antibodies and the application of RIA and ELISA to determine aflatoxins B1 and M1, ochratoxin A and T-2 toxin in corn, peanuts, milk and other biological fluids. The sensitivity of ELISA for analysis of these mycotoxins in foods varied from 0.1 μg/L for aflatoxin M1 in milk to 5 μg/kg of aflatoxin B1 in peanuts. The advantages and disadvantages of ELISA for monitoring mycotoxins in foods and feeds are discussed. In addition, a description of recent progress on simplified clean-up procedures which may increase the sensitivity of immunoassays is presented.

Rapid Thin Layer Chromatographic Method for Determining Aflatoxin Bi, Ochratoxin A, and Zearalenone in Corn

1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-585
Author(s):  
Ivan Balzer ◽  
Čedo Bogdanić ◽  
Stjepan Pepeljnjak
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Limits Of Detection ◽  
Chloroform Extraction ◽  
Tlc Plates

Abstract A multimycotoxin thin layer chromatographic method is described for the analysis of corn. Aflatoxins are extracted from the samples with acetonitrile-water, and sodium bicarbonate is added to separate the acidic ochratoxin from zearalenone and aflatoxin B1. After chloroform extraction, 1/V NaOH is added to separate zearalenone and aflatoxin B1# The separated mycotoxins are spotted on TLC plates, which are then examined under ultraviolet light. The following recoveries ( % ) were obtained for corn samples: aflatoxin B1 71, ochratoxin A 87, and zearalenone 85. The limits of detection for the respective mycotoxins were 2, 40, and 200 ppb.

Distribution and Resistance to Pasteurization of Aflatoxin M1 in Naturally Contaminated Whole Milk, Cream and Skim Milk

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANA W. WISEMAN ◽  
RHONÁS. APPLEBAUM ◽  
ROBERT E. BRACKETT ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Whole Milk

Milk, naturally contaminated with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was separated with a hand-operated separator. Distribution of AFM1 paralleled the partitioning of whole milk into cream and skim milk. Most of the whole milk was recovered as skim milk, which also contained most of the AFM1. Cream accounted for 5–15% of the amount of whole milk and had 2–14% of AFM1 that originally occurred in whole milk. Cream and skim milk were pasteurized at 64°C for 30 min, AFM1 was stable in both products given this heat treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document