The pancreatic β-cell recognition of insulin secretagogues. Inhibitory effects of a membrane probe on the islet uptake and insulin-releasing action of glibenclamide

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease characterised by glucose overproduction and under-utilisation. As the incidence of diabetes expands rapidly across the globe there is an urgent need to expand the range of effective treatments. Higher plants such as Asparagus adscendens provide therapeutic opportunities and a rich source of potential antidiabetic agents. In the present study an aqueous extract of Asparagus adscendens was shown to induce a significant non-toxic 19–248% increase in glucose-dependent insulinotropic actions (P<0·001) in the clonal pancreatic β cell line, BRIN-BD11. In addition, the extract produced an 81% (P<0·0001) increase in glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Asparagus adscendens also produced a 21% (P<0·001) decrease in starch digestion in vitro. The present study has revealed the presence of insulinotropic, insulin-enhancing activity and inhibitory effects on starch digestion in Asparagus adscendens. The former actions are dependent on the active principle(s) in the plant being absorbed intact. Future work assessing its use as a dietary adjunct or as a source of active components may provide new opportunities for the treatment of diabetes

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Endogenous tumor necrosis factor-α production by a pancreatic β-cell line: Inhibitory effects of hydrocortisone and nicotinamide

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/0024-3205(96)00470-5 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 59 (17) ◽

pp. 1423-1429 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kentaro Yamada ◽

Naoko Takane-Gyotoku ◽

Chizuko Inada ◽

Kyohei Nonaka

Keyword(s):

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Cell Line ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽

Pancreatic Β Cell ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Β Cell ◽

Factor Α ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Adipokines as key players in β cell function and failure

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20190523 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (22) ◽

pp. 2317-2327 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nicolás Gómez-Banoy ◽

James C. Lo

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Cell Function ◽

Whole Body ◽

Pancreatic Β Cell ◽

Β Cell ◽

Cell Axis ◽

Β Cell Function ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Whole Body Metabolism

Abstract The growing prevalence of obesity and its related metabolic diseases, mainly Type 2 diabetes (T2D), has increased the interest in adipose tissue (AT) and its role as a principal metabolic orchestrator. Two decades of research have now shown that ATs act as an endocrine organ, secreting soluble factors termed adipocytokines or adipokines. These adipokines play crucial roles in whole-body metabolism with different mechanisms of action largely dependent on the tissue or cell type they are acting on. The pancreatic β cell, a key regulator of glucose metabolism due to its ability to produce and secrete insulin, has been identified as a target for several adipokines. This review will focus on how adipokines affect pancreatic β cell function and their impact on pancreatic β cell survival in disease contexts such as diabetes. Initially, the “classic” adipokines will be discussed, followed by novel secreted adipocyte-specific factors that show therapeutic promise in regulating the adipose–pancreatic β cell axis.

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