Lentivirus genomic organization: The complete nucleotide sequence of the env gene region of equine infectious anemia virus

Virology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Rushlow ◽  
Ken Olsen ◽  
Gary Stiegler ◽  
Susan L. Payne ◽  
Ronald C. Montelaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Genomic Organization ◽  
Gene Region ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus

scholarly journals Genetic characterization by composite sequence analysis of a new pathogenic field strain of equine infectious anemia virus from the 2006 outbreak in Ireland

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Quinlivan ◽  
Frank Cook ◽  
Rachel Kenna ◽  
John J. Callinan ◽  
Ann Cullinane
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
North American ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Genomic Organization ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
The North ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Iatrogenic Transmission ◽  
Anemia Virus

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), the causative agent of equine infectious anaemia (EIA), possesses the least-complex genomic organization of any known extant lentivirus. Despite this relative genetic simplicity, all of the complete genomic sequences published to date are derived from just two viruses, namely the North American EIAVWYOMING (EIAVWY) and Chinese EIAVLIAONING (EIAVLIA) strains. In 2006, an outbreak of EIA occurred in Ireland, apparently as a result of the importation of contaminated horse plasma from Italy and subsequent iatrogenic transmission to foals. This EIA outbreak was characterized by cases of severe, sometimes fatal, disease. To begin to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathogenic phenotype, complete proviral genomic sequences in the form of 12 overlapping PCR-generated fragments were obtained from four of the EIAV-infected animals, including two of the index cases. Sequence analysis of multiple molecular clones produced from each fragment demonstrated the extent of diversity within individual viral genes and permitted construction of consensus whole-genome sequences for each of the four viral isolates. In addition, complete env gene sequences were obtained from 11 animals with differing clinical profiles, despite exposure to a common EIAV source. Although the overall genomic organization of the Irish EIAV isolates was typical of that seen in all other strains, the European viruses possessed ≤80 % nucleotide sequence identity with either EIAVWY or EIAVLIA. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis suggested that the Irish EIAV isolates developed independently of the North American and Chinese viruses and that they constitute a separate monophyletic group.

Nucleotide sequence analysis of equine infectious anemia virus proviral DNA

Virology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Kawakami ◽  
Levana Sherman ◽  
John Dahlberg ◽  
Arnona Gazit ◽  
Abraham Yaniv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus

scholarly journals Evaluation of equine infectious anemia virus by the indirect ELISA EIA-LAB as screening tools in Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 103372
Author(s):  
Maria Carla Rodríguez Domínguez ◽  
Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Jiménez ◽  
Juan Carlos Vázquez Chagoyan ◽  
Alberto Barbabosa Pliego ◽  
Jorge Antonio Varela Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus

scholarly journals Mapping of Equine Lentivirus Receptor 1 Residues Critical for Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Envelope Binding

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 1204-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoshan Zhang ◽  
Chengqun Sun ◽  
Sha Jin ◽  
Michael Cascio ◽  
Ronald C. Montelaro
Keyword(s):  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Virus Envelope ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus ◽  
Functional Receptor ◽  
Herpesvirus Entry Mediator ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT The equine lentivirus receptor 1 (ELR1), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) protein family, has been identified as a functional receptor for equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). Toward defining the functional interactions between the EIAV SU protein (gp90) and its ELR1 receptor, we mapped the gp90 binding domain of ELR1 by a combination of binding and functional assays using the EIAV SU gp90 protein and various chimeric receptor proteins derived from exchanges between the functional ELR1 and the nonbinding homolog, mouse herpesvirus entry mediator (murine HveA). Complementary exchanges of the respective cysteine-rich domains (CRD) between the ELR1 and murine HveA proteins revealed CRD1 as the predominant determinant of functional gp90 binding to ELR1 and also to a chimeric murine HveA protein expressed on the surface of transfected Cf2Th cells. Mutations of individual amino acids in the CRD1 segment of ELR1 and murine HveA indicated the Leu70 in CRD1 as essential for functional binding of EIAV gp90 and for virus infection of transduced Cf2Th cells. The specificity of the EIAV SU binding domain identified for the ELR1 receptor is fundamentally identical to that reported previously for functional binding of feline immunodeficiency virus SU to its coreceptor CD134, another TNFR protein. These results indicate unexpected common features of the specific mechanisms by which diverse lentiviruses can employ TNFR proteins as functional receptors.

Molecular detection of equine infectious anemia virus in clinically normal, seronegative horses in an endemic area of Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110061
Author(s):  
César I. Romo-Sáenz ◽  
Patricia Tamez-Guerra ◽  
Aymee Olivas-Holguin ◽  
Yareellys Ramos-Zayas ◽  
Nelson Obregón-Macías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus ◽  
Equine Industry

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a highly infectious disease in members of the Equidae family, caused by equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). The disease severity ranges from subclinical to acute or chronic, and causes significant economic losses in the equine industry worldwide. Serologic tests for detection of EIAV infection have some concerns given the prolonged seroconversion time. Therefore, molecular methods are needed to improve surveillance programs for this disease. We attempted detection of EIAV in 6 clinical and 42 non-clinical horses in Nuevo Leon State, Mexico, using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for antibody detection, and nested and hemi-nested PCR for detection of proviral DNA. We found that 6 of 6, 5 of 6, and 6 of 6 clinical horses were positive by AGID, nested PCR, and hemi-nested PCR, respectively, whereas 0 of 42, 1 of 42, and 9 of 42 non-clinical horses were positive by these tests, respectively. BLAST analysis of the 203-bp 5′-LTR/ tat segment of PCR product revealed 83–93% identity with EIAV isolates in GenBank and reference strains from other countries. By phylogenetic analysis, our Mexican samples were grouped in a different clade than other sequences reported worldwide, indicating that the LRT/ tat region represents an important target for the detection of non-clinical horses.

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