Morphological comparison of dysplastic changes between de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with trilineage myelodysplasia and AML developed from de novo myelodysplastic syndromes

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutaka Kuriyama ◽  
Yasushi Miyazaki ◽  
Kousei Arimura ◽  
Kazuhiro Nagai ◽  
Hideo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Low Incidence of V617FJAK2 Mutation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4957-4957
Author(s):  
Gueorgui Balatzenko ◽  
Branimir Spassov ◽  
Yanica Georgieva ◽  
Vasil Hrischev ◽  
Margarita Guenova
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Jak2 Mutation ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
De Novo Aml ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background: V617F JAK2 mutation is a typical molecular finding in BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). The same abnormality has also been reported in other myeloid malignancies. However, the data regarding the incidence and clinical relevance of V617F JAK2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are conflicting. Aim: To establish the incidence and clinical significance of V617F JAK2 mutation in AML and MDS patients in our institution. Materials and Methods : AML and MDS patients with isolated bone marrow mononuclear cells were included in this study, as follows: (i) 139 AML patients (71 females; 68 males; mean age of 57.5±15.3 years), including: 122 - de novo AML, 7 - therapy related AML (t-AML) and 10 - secondary AML (sAML) after primary MPN [3 V617F JAK2(+), 2 V617F JAK2(-) and 5 with unknown initial V617F JAK2 status]; (ii) 35 MDS patients. V617F JAK2 mutation status was determined using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism) analysis. Results: V617F JAK2 mutation was detected in 3 AML patients: (i) in 1/122 (0.8%) de novo AML patients - male patient with minimally differentiated AML, with no antecedent MPN and the leukemic population showed aberrant myeloid phenotype with co-expression of CD7 and overexpression of EVI1 gene, (ii) in 2/10 (20.0%) patients with sAML after MPN and both patients had V617F JAK2(+) sAML after V617F JAK2(+) primary myelofibrosis. Interestingly; in the same group, a female patient with V617F JAK2(+) essential thrombocythemia developed 5 years later V617F JAK2(-) sAML with an aberrant myelomonocytic phenotype and co-expression of CD56. None of the patients with t-AML or MDS tested positive for V617F JAK2. Conclusion: V617F JAK2 mutation is a rare finding in AML and MDS patients. Higher incidence was observed in sAML after MPN. However, the mutation status at the AML stage may not be identical as that detected during the primary MPN. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes After Radiation Therapy Are Similar to De Novo Disease and Differ From Other Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (19) ◽  
pp. 2340-2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Nardi ◽  
Karen M. Winkfield ◽  
Chi Young Ok ◽  
Andrzej Niemierko ◽  
Michael J. Kluk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasms ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Purpose Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) represent a unique clinical syndrome occurring in patients treated with chemotherapy and/or external-beam radiation (XRT) and are characterized by poorer prognosis compared with de novo disease. XRT techniques have evolved in recent years and are associated with significantly reduced bone marrow exposure. The characteristics of post-XRT t-MN in the current era have not been studied. Patients and Methods We analyzed patients who developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) after XRT alone (47 patients) or cytotoxic chemotherapy/combined-modality therapy (C/CMT, 181 patients) and compared them with patients with de novo MDS or AML (222 patients). We estimated bone marrow exposure to radiation and compared the clinical, pathologic, and cytogenetic features and outcome of the XRT patients with the C/CMT patients and with patients with de novo MDS and AML. Results Patients with t-MN after XRT alone had superior overall survival (P = .006) and lower incidence of high-risk karyotypes (P = .01 for AML and < .001 for MDS) compared with patients in the C/CMT group. In contrast, there were no significant differences in survival or frequency of high-risk karyotypes between the XRT and de novo groups. Conclusion AML and MDS diagnosed in the past decade in patients after receiving XRT alone differ from t-MN occurring after C/CMT and share genetic features and clinical behavior with de novo AML/MDS. Our results suggest that post-XRT MDS/AML may not represent a direct consequence of radiation toxicity and warrant a therapeutic approach similar to de novo disease.

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