Signaling theory and risk perception: An experimental study

Objective: Individuals in larger bodies remain an underserved population in sport and physical activity. Larger-bodied individuals often avoid physical activity spaces altogether due to their perceived exclusivity. Drawing on signaling theory, the current study argues that inclusive marketing messages in advertisements, including health-focused language and the presence of larger-bodied models may encourage participation for these individuals. Through two experiments (N = 266), manipulating the language and images used in fitness club and sport advertisements, the current study explores the effects of inclusive messages on perceptions of fit and join intentions. Results indicate that, regardless of messaging, those in larger bodies are more likely to engage a fitness center than soccer league. Advertisements featuring health-focused language were related to higher fit perceptions. Finally, advertisements featuring larger models were related to higher intentions to join. It is suggested that organizations seeking to engage this population increase their use of diversity-related signals in marketing.

Download Full-text

Wi-fi related radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF): a pilot experimental study of personal exposure and risk perception

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering ◽

10.1007/s40201-021-00636-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Berihun M. Zeleke ◽

Christopher Brzozek ◽

Chhavi R. Bhatt ◽

Michael J. Abramson ◽

Frederik Freudenstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Personal Exposure ◽

Measurement Information ◽

Exposure Limits ◽

Exposure Measurement ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe impact of providing people with an objectively measured personal radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure information on the risk perception of people is not well understood. We conducted an experimental study, among three groups of participants, to investigate the risk perception of people towards RF-EMF from Wi-Fi sources (ISM 2.4 GHz) by providing participants with either basic text, precautionary information, or a summary of their personal RF-EMF exposure measurement levels. Participants provided with personal RF-EMF exposure measurement information were more confident in protecting themselves from RF-EMF exposure, compared to those provided with only basic information. Nonetheless, neither the exposure perception nor the risk perception of people to Wi-Fi related RF-EMF differed by the type of information provided. The measured Wi-Fi signal levels were far below international exposure limits. Furthermore, self-rated levels of personal RF-EMF exposure perception were not associated with objectively measured RF-EMF exposure levels. Providing people with objectively measured information may help them build confidence in protecting themselves from Wi-Fi related RF-EMF exposure.

Download Full-text

Risk perception, illusory superiority and personal responsibility during COVID‐19: An experimental study of attitudes to staying home

British Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1111/bjop.12554 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Simon T. Baal ◽

Lukasz Walasek ◽

Daniela Karanfilovska ◽

Allen C. Cheng ◽

Jakob Hohwy

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Personal Responsibility

Download Full-text

Experimental study on the restoration from a tilt-azimuth series for improvement in resolution

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010013955x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 636-637

Author(s):

Norio Baba ◽

Norihiko Ichise ◽

Syunya Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Spherical Aberration ◽

Incident Beam ◽

Optical Parameters ◽

Beam Tilting ◽

Illumination Method ◽

Restoration Method ◽

Illumination Mode

The tilted beam illumination method is used to improve the resolution comparing with the axial illumination mode. Using this advantage, a restoration method of several tilted beam images covering the full azimuthal range was proposed by Saxton, and experimentally examined. To make this technique more reliable it seems that some practical problems still remain. In this report the restoration was attempted and the problems were considered. In our study, four problems were pointed out for the experiment of the restoration. (1) Accurate beam tilt adjustment to fit the incident beam to the coma-free axis for the symmetrical beam tilting over the full azimuthal range. (2) Accurate measurements of the optical parameters which are necessary to design the restoration filter. Even if the spherical aberration coefficient Cs is known with accuracy and the axial astigmatism is sufficiently compensated, at least the defocus value must be measured. (3) Accurate alignment of the tilt-azimuth series images.

Download Full-text