RECOGNITION MECHANISMS FOR SCHEMA-BASED KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATIONS

1983 ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM S. HAVENS
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representations

An algebraic structured model of formal knowledge representations (frames and rules)

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Juan B. Castellanos Peñuela ◽  
Rafael Gonzalo Molina ◽  
Juan Pazos Sierra ◽  
Juan Rios Carrión
Keyword(s):  
Structured Model ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Formal Knowledge

scholarly journals What is the source of L1 attrition? The effect of recent L1 re-exposure on Spanish speakers under L1 attrition

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
GLORIA CHAMORRO ◽  
ANTONELLA SORACE ◽  
PATRICK STURT
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Native Spanish Speakers ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Permanent Change ◽  
L1 Attrition ◽  
Interface Structures

The recent hypothesis that L1 attrition affects the ability to process interface structures but not knowledge representations (Sorace, 2011) is tested by investigating the effects of recent L1 re-exposure on antecedent preferences for Spanish pronominal subjects, using offline judgements and online eye-tracking measures. Participants included a group of native Spanish speakers experiencing L1 attrition (‘attriters’), a second group of attriters exposed exclusively to Spanish before they were tested (‘re-exposed’), and a control group of Spanish monolinguals. The judgement data shows no significant differences between the groups. Moreover, the monolingual and re-exposed groups are not significantly different from each other in the eye-tracking data. The results of this novel manipulation indicate that attrition effects decrease due to L1 re-exposure, and that bilinguals are sensitive to input changes. Taken together, the findings suggest that attrition affects online sensitivity with interface structures rather than causing a permanent change in speakers’ L1 knowledge representations.

scholarly journals A KNOWLEDGE-BASED METHOD FOR GENERATING SUMMARIES OF SPATIAL MOVEMENT IN GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 393-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN MOLINA ◽  
AMANDA STENT
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Spatial Movement ◽  
Present Evaluation ◽  
Main Components

In this article we describe a method for automatically generating text summaries of data corresponding to traces of spatial movement in geographical areas. The method can help humans to understand large data streams, such as the amounts of GPS data recorded by a variety of sensors in mobile phones, cars, etc. We describe the knowledge representations we designed for our method and the main components of our method for generating the summaries: a discourse planner, an abstraction module and a text generator. We also present evaluation results that show the ability of our method to generate certain types of geospatial and temporal descriptions.

What Are the Knowledge, Representations and Declared Practices of Nurses and Physicians Regarding Obesity in a Swiss Hospital?

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (9) ◽  
pp. A38
Author(s):  
S. Bucher Della Torre ◽  
D.S. Courvoisier ◽  
A.M. Patino Pineda ◽  
X.E. Martin ◽  
M. Kruseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Nurses And Physicians

scholarly journals Knowledge convergence among pre-service mathematics teachers through online reciprocal peer feedback

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Peer Feedback ◽  
School Students ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Knowledge Convergence ◽  
Group Members

This research focused on pre-service mathematics teachers’ sharing of knowledge through reciprocal peer feedback. In this study, pre-service teachers were divided into groups of five and engaged in an online reciprocal peer feedback activity. Specifically, after creating an individual concept map indicating high school students’ possible solutions to an algebra problem, pre-service teachers shared their individual maps with team members and engaged in online discussion, commenting on the concept maps of other group members and responding to peers’ feedback. Similarities in team members’ knowledge representations before and after this peer feedback activity were compared in order to analyze their knowledge convergence. It was found that a team member’s knowledge was more likely to match that of other team members after the online reciprocal peer feedback activity. Qualitative analysis was also conducted in order to explore the possible influence of a team’s interaction process on members’ knowledge convergence. It was also found that, after engaging in this peer feedback process, pre-service teachers demonstrated greater improvement in their convergence of concepts relating to problem-solving strategies than in the concepts representing problem context and domains.

scholarly journals Negative Sampling in Knowledge Representation Learning: A Mini-Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Qian ◽  
Gangmin Li ◽  
Katie Atkinson ◽  
Yong Yue
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Continuous Space ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Space Efficiency ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Fixed Distribution

Knowledge representation learning (KRL) aims at encoding components of a knowledge graph (KG) into a low-dimensional continuous space, which has brought considerable successes in applying deep learning to graph embedding. Most famous KGs contain only positive instances for space efficiency. Typical KRL techniques, especially translational distance-based models, are trained through discriminating positive and negative samples. Thus, negative sampling is unquestionably a non-trivial step in KG embedding. The quality of generated negative samples can directly influence the performance of final knowledge representations in downstream tasks, such as link prediction and triple classification. This review summarizes current negative sampling methods in KRL and we categorize them into three sorts, fixed distribution-based, generative adversarial net (GAN)-based and cluster sampling. Based on this categorization we discuss the most prevalent existing approaches and their characteristics.

Language learning in mindbodyworld: A sociocognitive approach to second language acquisition

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Continuous Learning ◽  
Computational Process ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
L2 Development

Based on recent research in cognitive science, interaction, and second language acquisition (SLA), I describe a sociocognitive approach to SLA. This approach adopts anon-cognitivistview of cognition: Instead of an isolated computational process in which input is extracted from the environment and used to build elaborate internal knowledge representations, cognition is seen asadaptive intelligence,enabling our close and sensitivealignmentto our ecosocial environment in order to survive in it. Mind, body, and world are thus functionally integrated from a sociocognitive perspective instead of radically separated.Learning plays a major part in this scenario: If environments are ever-changing, then adaptation to them is continuous. Learning is part of our natural ability to so adapt, while retaining traces of that adaptation in the integrated mind-body-world system. Viewed in this way, SLA is adaptation to/engagement with L2 environments.Interactionalso plays a central role in sociocognitive SLA: We learn L2s through interacting with/in L2 environments. Founded on innate, universal skills which evolutionarilyprecededlanguage and make it possible, interaction supports SLA at every turn. Having presented this argument, I illustrate it by analyzing a video clip of an EFL tutoring session, indicating various ‘sociocognitive tools’ for interactive alignment which undergird L2 development.

Periodical press and port cities: Creation of knowledge, representations and networks1

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Cátia Miriam Costa ◽  
Olívia Pestana
Keyword(s):  
Special Section ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Information Industry ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Intellectual Production ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Information History

Port cities constituted dynamic axes of national territories and stood out for their opening to the outside world for the transaction of goods, the reception of the new and the exchange of ideas. They were also free spaces for new technological experiences and the foundation of modern economic, scientific, social and political projects. They stood out as privileged territories for the establishment of networks of knowledge and through these networks maintained the contact with distant lands. Intellectual production in them is remarkable and the periodical press, providing general or specialized information, as an information industry at the service of new political, scientific and economic projects, finds space for its development within the port cities. This Special Section brings together researchers working on these subjects, allowing a multidisciplinary approach involving scholars from such scientific areas as communication, information, history, literature and international relations. The objective is to analyse the relationship between the periodic press and port cities and how these urban spaces fostered public opinion and debate projects, as well as new specialized information.

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